{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7218199593","doi":null,"title":"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 (1960- 1990): \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 (1960- 1990)","display_name":"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 (1960- 1990): \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 (1960- 1990)","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-03-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7218199593"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.midad-aladab.org:article/739","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://midad-aladab.org/index.php/midadaladab/article/view/739","pdf_url":"https://midad-aladab.org/index.php/midadaladab/article/view/739/687","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387290963","display_name":"\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628","issn_l":"2222-6575","issn":["2222-6575","3006-7774"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I3131779051","host_organization_name":"Iraqi University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131779051"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2222-6575","raw_type":"\u0645\u0624\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0645"},"volume":null,"type":"book","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://midad-aladab.org/index.php/midadaladab/article/view/739/687","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5155514872","display_name":"\u062f. \u0642\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131779051","display_name":"Iraqi University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wfhkb67","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131779051"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u062f. \u0642\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 / \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 / \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131779051"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5155514872"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131779051"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63271605,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13019","display_name":"African Studies and Geopolitics","score":0.7846999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13019","display_name":"African Studies and Geopolitics","score":0.7846999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14395","display_name":"African history and culture studies","score":0.17270000278949738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13162","display_name":"African Studies and Ethnography","score":0.03020000085234642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-conflict","display_name":"ethnic conflict","score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kinship","display_name":"kinship","score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-competition","display_name":"resource competition","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/armed-conflict","display_name":"armed conflict","score":0.37400001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chad","display_name":"Chad","score":0.30399999022483826}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.19869999587535858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.19499999284744263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1906999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1860000044107437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.18389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.16850000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.16580000519752502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.16410000622272491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.16120000183582306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.15870000422000885}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.midad-aladab.org:article/739","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://midad-aladab.org/index.php/midadaladab/article/view/739","pdf_url":"https://midad-aladab.org/index.php/midadaladab/article/view/739/687","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387290963","display_name":"\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628","issn_l":"2222-6575","issn":["2222-6575","3006-7774"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I3131779051","host_organization_name":"Iraqi University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131779051"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2222-6575","raw_type":"\u0645\u0624\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0645"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.midad-aladab.org:article/739","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://midad-aladab.org/index.php/midadaladab/article/view/739","pdf_url":"https://midad-aladab.org/index.php/midadaladab/article/view/739/687","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387290963","display_name":"\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628","issn_l":"2222-6575","issn":["2222-6575","3006-7774"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I3131779051","host_organization_name":"Iraqi University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131779051"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2222-6575","raw_type":"\u0645\u0624\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0645"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.666700005531311,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7218199593.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7218199593.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4414718678","https://openalex.org/W4403756515","https://openalex.org/W7160782571","https://openalex.org/W3113097367","https://openalex.org/W7166432874","https://openalex.org/W4405164408","https://openalex.org/W7129634966","https://openalex.org/W4388612864","https://openalex.org/W3107088506","https://openalex.org/W4410179818"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641":[0],"\u0647\u0630\u0647":[1],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629":[2],"\u0623\u062b\u0631":[3],"\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629":[4],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644":[5,10],"\u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627\u060c":[6],"\u0648\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644":[7],"\u0639\u062f\u062f":[8],"\u0645\u0646":[9],"\u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629":[11],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628":[12],"\u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627":[13],"\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644":[14],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646":[15,60],"\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a":[16],"\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621":[17],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c":[18],"\u0648\u0623\u062e\u0630":[19],"\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a":[20],"\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645":[21],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u060c":[22],"\u0648\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631":[23],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629":[24],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629":[25],"\u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631":[26],"\u0630\u0644\u0643":[27],"\u0639\u0644\u0649":[28,107],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639":[29],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a":[30],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a":[31],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a":[32],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a":[33],"\u062d\u062a\u0649":[34],"\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b":[35],"\u0644\u0627":[36],"\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639":[37],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632":[38],"\u0628\u064a\u0646":[39,59,101],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a":[40],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a":[41],"\u0641\u064a":[42,57,80,110],"\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d\u0647":[43],"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629":[44],"\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629":[45],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644":[46,73,78],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a":[47,64],"\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645.":[48],"\u0623\u062f\u062a":[49],"\u0645\u0639":[50],"\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631":[51],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629":[52],"\u0625\u0644\u0649":[53],"\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629":[54],"\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631":[55],"\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645":[56],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a":[58],"\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b":[61,89],"\u0639\u0646":[62,90],"\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639":[63],"\u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646":[65],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a.":[66],"\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639":[67],"\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629":[68],"\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629":[69],"\u062d\u064a\u062b":[70,75,98],"\u0634\u0643\u0644":[71,76],"\u0647\u0630\u0627":[72,77],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a":[74,79],"\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627":[81],"\u0644\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a":[82],"\u0648\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a":[83],"\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629":[84],"\u0631\u0627\u062d":[85],"\u0636\u062d\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627":[86],"\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641":[87],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631":[88],"\u0623\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645":[91],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b":[92,100],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a":[93],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629":[94],"\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629":[95],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646":[96],"\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c":[97],"\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644":[99],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646":[102],"\u0648\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0647":[103],"\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0627\u062f":[104],"\u0648\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c":[105],"\u0641\u062d\u0635\u0644":[106],"\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a":[108],"\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647":[109],"\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628":[111],"\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b\u0647.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-07T09:51:55.459714","created_date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00"}
