{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7218156976","doi":null,"title":"\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u064a \u0648\u0631\u062d\u0645\u062a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0640\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0643 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0631 \u0644\u0635\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0645 _\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0634\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0642\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0646\u0640\u0640\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629_","display_name":"\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u064a \u0648\u0631\u062d\u0645\u062a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0640\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0643 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0631 \u0644\u0635\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0645 _\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0634\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0642\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0646\u0640\u0640\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629_","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7218156976"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:journals.univ-ghardaia.edu.dz:article/782","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.univ-ghardaia.edu.dz/index/article/view/782","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407052234","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a","issn_l":"1112-7163","issn":["1112-7163","2588-1892"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210115782","host_organization_name":"University of Ghardaia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115782"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1112-7163","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://journals.univ-ghardaia.edu.dz/index/article/view/782","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003696919","display_name":"\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631, \u062d\u0628\u0627\u0633","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003696919"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89468144,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13376","display_name":"Criminal Law and Policy","score":0.48410001397132874,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13376","display_name":"Criminal Law and Policy","score":0.48410001397132874,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13646","display_name":"Qur\u2019anic Interpretation Studies","score":0.3091000020503998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1212","display_name":"Religious studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14115","display_name":"Legal processes and jurisprudence","score":0.1160999983549118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/islamic-criminal-law","display_name":"Islamic criminal law","score":0.3959999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hudud","display_name":"hudud","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qisas","display_name":"qisas","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ta-zir","display_name":"ta'zir","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rights-of-the-accused","display_name":"rights of the accused","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presumption-of-innocence","display_name":"presumption of innocence","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quranic-and-hadith-sources","display_name":"Quranic and hadith sources","score":0.36399999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/islamic-jurisprudence","display_name":"Islamic jurisprudence","score":0.4659999907016754}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.19869999587535858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.19499999284744263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1906999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1860000044107437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.18389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.16850000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.16580000519752502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.16410000622272491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.16120000183582306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.15870000422000885}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:journals.univ-ghardaia.edu.dz:article/782","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.univ-ghardaia.edu.dz/index/article/view/782","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407052234","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a","issn_l":"1112-7163","issn":["1112-7163","2588-1892"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210115782","host_organization_name":"University of Ghardaia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115782"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1112-7163","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:journals.univ-ghardaia.edu.dz:article/782","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.univ-ghardaia.edu.dz/index/article/view/782","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407052234","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a","issn_l":"1112-7163","issn":["1112-7163","2588-1892"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210115782","host_organization_name":"University of Ghardaia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115782"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1112-7163","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388159501","https://openalex.org/W3213756885","https://openalex.org/W7221254490","https://openalex.org/W7220404364","https://openalex.org/W4392113988","https://openalex.org/W3032981087","https://openalex.org/W7161779070","https://openalex.org/W4387126424","https://openalex.org/W7127327045","https://openalex.org/W4411883087"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u0625\u0646":[0],"\u0645\u0646":[1,42,59,71,110,149,169],"\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0649":[2],"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a":[3,138],"\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642":[4],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629":[5,218],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629":[6,86],"\u0641\u064a":[7,12,54,62,117,121,128,132,143,179],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639":[8],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a":[9],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c":[10],"\u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649":[11],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645":[13],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629":[14,134],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u061b":[15],"\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639":[16,112,150],"\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0645":[17],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629":[18],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0629":[19],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629":[20],"\u0641\u064a:":[21],"\u062f\u0631\u0621":[22],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f":[23,69,119,229],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a":[24],"_\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643":[25],"\u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631":[26],"\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d":[27],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645_":[28],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a":[29,106,206],"\u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c":[30],"\u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627":[31],"\u0625\u0645\u0627":[32],"\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641":[33],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629":[34,43,168,220],"\u0639\u0646":[35],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c":[36],"\u0648\u0625\u0645\u0627":[37],"\u0625\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627":[38],"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b":[39],"\u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649":[40],"\u0625\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0647":[41],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0629":[44],"\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f":[45],"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0647\u0629":[46],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629":[47],"\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c":[48,172],"\u0648\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647":[49],"\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629":[50],"\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629":[51],"\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c":[52],"\u0628\u0645\u0627":[53],"\u0630\u0644\u0643":[55,116],"\u0645\u0627":[56],"\u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645":[57],"\u0628\u0647":[58],"\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a":[60],"\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629":[61],"\u0628\u0639\u0636":[63],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c":[64],"\u0645\u0645\u0627":[65],"\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a":[66],"\u0625\u0644\u0649":[67],"\u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642":[68],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644":[70],"\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642":[72],"\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627\u060c":[73],"\u0644\u0630\u0627":[74,161],"\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a":[75,162],"\u0644\u0645\u0646":[76],"\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628":[77],"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633":[78],"\u0639\u0644\u0649":[79,163],"\u0630\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0645":[80],"\u0623\u0646":[81,165],"\u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f":[82,89,94],"\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643":[83],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646":[84],"\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645":[85],"\u0644\u0647\u0645":[87],"\u0643\u0645\u0627":[88],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f":[90],"\u062a\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628":[91,154],"\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0647\u060c":[92],"\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627":[93],"\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628":[95],"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629":[96],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636\u060c":[97],"\u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627":[98,136],"\u0647\u0648":[99],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644":[100],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642":[101],"\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647":[102],"\u0647\u064a":[103],"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629":[104],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0629":[105],"\u0642\u0635\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627":[107],"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629":[108,222],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629":[109],"\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621":[111],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c":[113],"\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621":[114],"\u0623\u0643\u0627\u0646":[115],"\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645":[118,122,125],"\u0623\u0645":[120,124],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0635":[123],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0631\u060c":[126],"\u0623\u0648":[127,201],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a":[129],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062d":[130],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a":[131],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a":[133,224],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c":[135],"\u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642":[137],"\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629":[139],"\u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f":[140],"\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629":[141],"\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649":[142],"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0641\u0629":[144],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c":[145],"\u0648\u062d\u0641\u0638":[146],"\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647.":[147],"\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641":[148],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a":[151],"\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c":[152],"\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644":[153],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0645":[155],"\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u061b":[156],"\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633":[157],"\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647":[158],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645":[159],"\u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c":[160,200],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a":[164],"\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u0644":[166],"\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637":[167],"\u063a\u064a\u0631":[170],"\u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644":[171],"\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0627":[173],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649":[174],"\u0635\u0644\u0649":[175],"\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647":[176],"\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647":[177,204],"\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645":[178],"\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647":[180],"\u0645\u0639":[181],"\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0632":[182],"\u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u060c":[183],"\u0648\u0641\u064a":[184],"\u0647\u0630\u0627":[185],"\u0643\u0644\u0647":[186],"\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646":[187],"\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642":[188],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c":[189],"\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645":[190],"\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642":[191],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0649":[192],"\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c":[193],"\u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645":[194],"\u0645\u0624\u0627\u062e\u0630\u0629":[195],"\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0621":[196],"\u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644":[197],"\u0644\u0645":[198,202],"\u064a\u0635\u062f\u0631":[199],"\u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a":[203],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629":[205],"\u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0647":[207],"\u0628\u0647\u0627":[208],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u060c":[209],"\u0625\u0630\u0627":[210],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644":[211],"\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629":[212],"\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0645\u0629.":[213],"\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a":[214],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629":[215],"\u2013\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629":[216],"\u2013":[217,219,221,227,230,235,237,239],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629-":[223],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629-":[225],"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643":[226],"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0647\u0629-":[228],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0635-":[231],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0631-":[232],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a-":[233],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637":[234],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0621":[236],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0621":[238],"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00"}
