{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7217622770","doi":null,"title":"Implementation of Rewards and Punishments in Strengthening Students' Integrity Character in PPKn Learning at MI Al-Hidayah Gesikharjo Tuban","display_name":"Implementation of Rewards and Punishments in Strengthening Students' Integrity Character in PPKn Learning at MI Al-Hidayah Gesikharjo Tuban","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7217622770"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:al-afkar.com:article/3560","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://al-afkar.com/index.php/Afkar_Journal/article/view/3560","pdf_url":"https://al-afkar.com/index.php/Afkar_Journal/article/download/3560/2179","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233510","display_name":"al-Afkar Journal For Islamic Studies","issn_l":"2614-4883","issn":["2614-4883","2614-4905"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210100000","host_organization_name":"Universitas Wiralodra","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100000"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"10.31943/afkarjournal.v9i2","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://al-afkar.com/index.php/Afkar_Journal/article/download/3560/2179","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118873151","display_name":"Eka Nur Hidayatin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eka Nur Hidayatin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah IAINU Tuban"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah IAINU Tuban","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017458853","display_name":"Akhmad Aji Pradana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6005-673X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6005-673X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405276206","display_name":"Institut Agama Islam Nahdlatul Ulama Tuban","ror":"https://ror.org/0508y1z70","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405276206"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akhmad Aji Pradana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut Agama Islam Nahdlatul Ulama Tuban"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Agama Islam Nahdlatul Ulama Tuban","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405276206"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14449","display_name":"Education and Character Development","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14449","display_name":"Education and Character Development","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12531","display_name":"Values and Moral Education","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13348","display_name":"Pancasila Values in Education","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reward-and-punishment-mechanism","display_name":"reward and punishment system","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operant-conditioning","display_name":"operant conditioning","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citizenship-education","display_name":"citizenship education","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-education","display_name":"character education","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elementary-school-students","display_name":"elementary school students","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discipline","display_name":"discipline","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/responsibility","display_name":"responsibility","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/honesty","display_name":"honesty","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/habituation","display_name":"habituation","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/role-modeling","display_name":"role modeling","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement","display_name":"reinforcement","score":0.3700000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777293324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337349","display_name":"Honesty","level":2,"score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7583000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779295839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3544090","display_name":"Punishment (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7379000186920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79615585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837313","display_name":"Civics","level":2,"score":0.5583999752998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.545199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.541100025177002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776157432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1375683","display_name":"Normality","level":2,"score":0.4984999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.48969998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163270606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847079","display_name":"Operant conditioning","level":3,"score":0.46160000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062949","display_name":"Character education","level":3,"score":0.4106999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4106000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24845683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178651","display_name":"Interview","level":2,"score":0.3707999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95423123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622178","display_name":"Workgroup","level":2,"score":0.32190001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3174000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.3091000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992091064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073737","display_name":"Character development","level":3,"score":0.29989999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87007009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210832","display_name":"Statistical hypothesis testing","level":2,"score":0.28600001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.28540000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.2849999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75795011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917904","display_name":"Typology","level":2,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.28189998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45262634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5159291","display_name":"Conditioning","level":2,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.27250000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142259097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891314","display_name":"Homogeneity (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.2612000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187288502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641118","display_name":"Personality","level":2,"score":0.259799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173481278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257997","display_name":"Survey research","level":2,"score":0.25290000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.2517000138759613}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:al-afkar.com:article/3560","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://al-afkar.com/index.php/Afkar_Journal/article/view/3560","pdf_url":"https://al-afkar.com/index.php/Afkar_Journal/article/download/3560/2179","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233510","display_name":"al-Afkar Journal For Islamic Studies","issn_l":"2614-4883","issn":["2614-4883","2614-4905"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210100000","host_organization_name":"Universitas Wiralodra","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100000"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"10.31943/afkarjournal.v9i2","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:al-afkar.com:article/3560","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://al-afkar.com/index.php/Afkar_Journal/article/view/3560","pdf_url":"https://al-afkar.com/index.php/Afkar_Journal/article/download/3560/2179","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233510","display_name":"al-Afkar Journal For Islamic Studies","issn_l":"2614-4883","issn":["2614-4883","2614-4905"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210100000","host_organization_name":"Universitas Wiralodra","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100000"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"10.31943/afkarjournal.v9i2","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.9235000014305115},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.7297000288963318}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7217622770.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7217622770.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3048897939","https://openalex.org/W4391126516","https://openalex.org/W4393906484","https://openalex.org/W4400852239"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4360964269","https://openalex.org/W7171680715","https://openalex.org/W7005092948","https://openalex.org/W4409568319","https://openalex.org/W4296020466","https://openalex.org/W7117779183","https://openalex.org/W4417178744","https://openalex.org/W4322745307","https://openalex.org/W4410070221","https://openalex.org/W4413898136"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,37],"study":[1],"aims":[2],"to":[3,98],"analyze":[4],"the":[5,18,33,85,88,134,148,162,177,191],"implementation":[6,86,149],"of":[7,21,52,87,108,121,150,164,179],"operant":[8,151],"conditioning":[9,152],"theory":[10,153],"through":[11,59,72,154],"a":[12,40,44,118,155,172],"reward":[13,89,156],"and":[14,62,77,90,111,136,157,187,193],"punishment":[15,91,158],"system":[16,92,159],"on":[17,140],"integrity":[19,166,180],"character":[20,181],"third-grade":[22,54],"students":[23],"in":[24,32,93,103,106,190],"Civics":[25,94],"(PPKn)":[26],"at":[27],"MI":[28],"Al-Hidayah":[29],"Gesikharjo":[30],"Tuban":[31],"2025/2026":[34],"academic":[35],"year.":[36],"research":[38,49],"employed":[39],"quantitative":[41],"approach":[42],"with":[43],"one-group":[45],"pretest-posttest":[46],"design.":[47],"The":[48,81,113],"subjects":[50],"consisted":[51],"20":[53],"students.":[55],"Data":[56,64],"were":[57],"collected":[58],"observation,":[60],"questionnaires,":[61],"documentation.":[63],"analysis":[65],"was":[66,96,128],"conducted":[67],"using":[68],"IBM":[69],"SPSS":[70],"Statistics":[71],"normality":[73],"test,":[74,76],"homogeneity":[75],"paired":[78,114],"sample":[79,115],"t-test.":[80],"results":[82],"showed":[83,117],"that":[84,126,147],"learning":[95],"able":[97],"bring":[99],"positive":[100],"behavioral":[101],"changes":[102],"students,":[104],"especially":[105],"aspects":[107],"discipline,":[109],"responsibility,":[110],"honesty":[112],"t-test":[116],"significance":[119],"value":[120],"0.811":[122],">":[123],"0.05,":[124],"indicating":[125],"there":[127],"no":[129],"statistically":[130,173],"significant":[131,174],"difference":[132],"between":[133],"pretest":[135],"posttest":[137],"results.":[138],"Based":[139],"these":[141],"findings,":[142],"it":[143],"can":[144],"be":[145],"concluded":[146],"descriptively":[160],"supports":[161],"strengthening":[163],"students\u2019":[165],"character,":[167],"but":[168],"has":[169],"not":[170],"shown":[171],"effect.":[175],"Therefore,":[176],"development":[178],"requires":[182],"continuous":[183],"habituation,":[184],"role":[185],"modeling,":[186],"reinforcement":[188],"both":[189],"school":[192],"family":[194],"environments.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00"}
