{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7217611391","doi":null,"title":"Cathelicidin LL-37 Level in Leprosy Patients and Household Contacts - A Systematic Review","display_name":"Cathelicidin LL-37 Level in Leprosy Patients and Household Contacts - A Systematic Review","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7217611391"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.jchr.org:article/12128","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://jchr.org/index.php/JCHR/article/view/12128","pdf_url":"https://jchr.org/index.php/JCHR/article/download/12128/6644","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764499610","display_name":"Journal of chemical health risks","issn_l":"2251-6719","issn":["2251-6719","2251-6727"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319124","host_organization_name":"Azad University Cross Team","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319124"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Azad University Cross Team"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2251-6719","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://jchr.org/index.php/JCHR/article/download/12128/6644","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5154613478","display_name":"Nur Hasira Mustakim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301867","display_name":"Hasanuddin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00da1gf19","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nur Hasira Mustakim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology and Venereology , Faculty of Medicine , University of Hasanuddin , Makassar , Indonesia , 90245"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology , Faculty of Medicine , University of Hasanuddin , Makassar , Indonesia , 90245","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5154613478"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301867"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12107","display_name":"Leprosy Research and Treatment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12107","display_name":"Leprosy Research and Treatment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10823","display_name":"Research on Leishmaniasis Studies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11103","display_name":"Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cathelicidin-ll-37","display_name":"cathelicidin LL-37","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leprosy","display_name":"leprosy","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/household-contacts","display_name":"household contacts","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vitamin-d-receptor","display_name":"vitamin D receptor","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innate-immunity","display_name":"innate immunity","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antimicrobial-peptides","display_name":"antimicrobial peptides","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serum-biomarkers","display_name":"serum biomarkers","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-lesions","display_name":"skin lesions","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pro-inflammatory-cytokines","display_name":"inflammatory cytokines","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-activity-monitoring","display_name":"disease activity monitoring","score":0.5170000195503235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777379352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24739493","display_name":"Cathelicidin","level":4,"score":0.9699000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6025999784469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.5952000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780942790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372016","display_name":"Pathogenesis","level":2,"score":0.5526000261306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136449434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428253","display_name":"Innate immune system","level":3,"score":0.5002999901771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127561419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224527","display_name":"Downregulation and upregulation","level":3,"score":0.49470001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780695269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36956","display_name":"Leprosy","level":2,"score":0.49230000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.42829999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124490489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7936963","display_name":"Vitamin D and neurology","level":2,"score":0.398499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778690821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212354","display_name":"Cytokine","level":2,"score":0.37560001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.3384000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3327000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776940978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34956","display_name":"Vitamin","level":2,"score":0.3237000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.29910001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C540938839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1201508","display_name":"Antimicrobial peptides","level":3,"score":0.288100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189708586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504425","display_name":"Systematic review","level":3,"score":0.2720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.2639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.25209999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4937899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68541106","display_name":"Antimicrobial","level":2,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.jchr.org:article/12128","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://jchr.org/index.php/JCHR/article/view/12128","pdf_url":"https://jchr.org/index.php/JCHR/article/download/12128/6644","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764499610","display_name":"Journal of chemical health risks","issn_l":"2251-6719","issn":["2251-6719","2251-6727"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319124","host_organization_name":"Azad University Cross Team","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319124"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Azad University Cross Team"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2251-6719","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.jchr.org:article/12128","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://jchr.org/index.php/JCHR/article/view/12128","pdf_url":"https://jchr.org/index.php/JCHR/article/download/12128/6644","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764499610","display_name":"Journal of chemical health risks","issn_l":"2251-6719","issn":["2251-6719","2251-6727"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319124","host_organization_name":"Azad University Cross Team","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319124"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Azad University Cross Team"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2251-6719","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7217611391.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7217611391.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2094595258","https://openalex.org/W4380244126","https://openalex.org/W2595359706","https://openalex.org/W4391236042","https://openalex.org/W2978205024","https://openalex.org/W3038834363","https://openalex.org/W4224281039","https://openalex.org/W3007560330","https://openalex.org/W7130395361","https://openalex.org/W2128132518"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cathelicidin":[0],"LL-37":[1,58,84,97,150],"is":[2],"a":[3,21,29,144,191,196],"multifunctional":[4],"antimicrobial":[5],"peptide":[6],"central":[7],"to":[8,162],"innate":[9,171],"immunity.":[10],"Its":[11],"dysregulated":[12],"expression":[13,102,124],"in":[14,24,64,85,103,110,125,154,178,205],"leprosy":[15,87],"patients":[16,130],"and":[17,26,42,99,120,131,195,202],"household":[18,111],"contacts":[19,179],"suggests":[20],"significant":[22],"role":[23],"pathogenesis":[25],"potential":[27,192],"as":[28,190],"prognostic":[30],"biomarker.":[31],"This":[32],"systematic":[33],"review":[34],"followed":[35],"PRISMA":[36],"guidelines,":[37],"searching":[38],"PubMed,":[39],"Cochrane":[40],"Library,":[41],"Google":[43],"Scholar":[44],"for":[45,199],"studies":[46,73],"published":[47],"between":[48],"2010\u20132025.":[49],"Inclusion":[50],"criteria":[51],"focused":[52],"on":[53],"human":[54],"observational":[55],"research":[56],"assessing":[57],"at":[59],"protein":[60,98],"or":[61,67],"gene":[62,101],"levels":[63,108,177],"serum,":[65],"skin,":[66],"blood.":[68],"From":[69],"55,212":[70],"records,":[71],"four":[72],"were":[74],"analyzed.":[75],"Matzner":[76],"et":[77,91,114],"al.":[78,92,115],"(2010)":[79],"identified":[80],"significantly":[81],"lower":[82],"serum":[83],"untreated":[86],"patients.":[88],"Conversely,":[89],"Argentina":[90],"(2023a,":[93],"2023b)":[94],"reported":[95],"elevated":[96],"CAMP":[100,119],"skin":[104],"lesions,":[105],"with":[106,134],"intermediate":[107],"found":[109],"contacts.":[112],"Oliveira":[113],"(2022)":[116],"observed":[117],"reduced":[118],"vitamin":[121,164,186],"D":[122],"receptor":[123],"peripheral":[126],"blood":[127],"across":[128],"both":[129],"contacts,":[132],"correlating":[133],"inflammatory":[135],"cytokine":[136],"profiles":[137],"that":[138],"persisted":[139],"post-therapy.":[140],"The":[141,185],"evidence":[142],"reveals":[143],"compartmentalized":[145],"paradox:":[146],"systemic":[147],"suppression":[148],"of":[149],"alongside":[151],"localized":[152],"overexpression":[153],"lesional":[155],"skin.":[156],"Systemic":[157],"downregulation":[158],"may":[159],"be":[160],"linked":[161],"impaired":[163],"D\u2013CAMP":[165],"pathways,":[166],"while":[167],"local":[168],"upregulation":[169],"reflects":[170],"activation":[172],"against":[173],"bacillary":[174],"load.":[175],"Intermediate":[176],"suggest":[180],"immunological":[181],"priming":[182],"from":[183],"exposure.":[184],"D\u2013cathelicidin":[187],"axis":[188],"emerges":[189],"therapeutic":[193],"target":[194],"valuable":[197],"biomarker":[198],"disease":[200],"activity":[201],"risk":[203],"stratification":[204],"endemic":[206],"regions.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-10T09:11:00.788812","created_date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00"}
