{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7216632259","doi":null,"title":"THE CONCEPT, STRUCTURE, AND LATENT NATURE OF CRIME","display_name":"THE CONCEPT, STRUCTURE, AND LATENT NATURE OF CRIME","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7216632259"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:universalpublishings.com:article/14421","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://universalpublishings.com/index.php/aijmr/article/view/14421","pdf_url":"https://universalpublishings.com/index.php/aijmr/article/download/14421/27360","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407058453","display_name":"ACUMEN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH","issn_l":"3060-4745","issn":["3060-4745"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3060-4745","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7216632259"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://universalpublishings.com/index.php/aijmr/article/download/14421/27360","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5140462249","display_name":"Xaitmurat Mamanarov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0933-7273","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0933-7273"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159709","display_name":"Termez State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05416zy49","country_code":"UZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159709"]}],"countries":["UZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mamanarov, Xaitmurat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lecturer, Department of \"Fundamentals of State and Law\", Faculty of Law, Termez State University sardorhaitmurodov2506@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lecturer, Department of \"Fundamentals of State and Law\", Faculty of Law, Termez State University sardorhaitmurodov2506@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159709"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5140462249"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159709"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.8877000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.8877000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.05889999866485596,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13376","display_name":"Criminal Law and Policy","score":0.019099999219179153,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latent-crime","display_name":"latent crime","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crime-structure","display_name":"crime structure","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-crime","display_name":"hidden crime","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/official-crime-statistics","display_name":"official crime statistics","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crime-measurement","display_name":"crime measurement","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crime-prevention","display_name":"crime prevention","score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-awareness-of-crime","display_name":"public awareness of crime","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-transparency","display_name":"institutional transparency","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminal-policy","display_name":"criminal policy","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminological-theory","display_name":"criminological theory","score":0.546999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.3808000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.34529998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.30820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.30090001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.30070000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.28110000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.2705000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776240099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327018","display_name":"Interrogation","level":2,"score":0.24959999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.24449999630451202}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:universalpublishings.com:article/14421","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://universalpublishings.com/index.php/aijmr/article/view/14421","pdf_url":"https://universalpublishings.com/index.php/aijmr/article/download/14421/27360","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407058453","display_name":"ACUMEN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH","issn_l":"3060-4745","issn":["3060-4745"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3060-4745","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:universalpublishings.com:article/14421","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://universalpublishings.com/index.php/aijmr/article/view/14421","pdf_url":"https://universalpublishings.com/index.php/aijmr/article/download/14421/27360","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407058453","display_name":"ACUMEN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH","issn_l":"3060-4745","issn":["3060-4745"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3060-4745","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.9595999717712402}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7216632259.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7216632259.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3104921468"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1238285409","https://openalex.org/W4390273883","https://openalex.org/W6945159388","https://openalex.org/W3011168373","https://openalex.org/W7160560998","https://openalex.org/W2954594489","https://openalex.org/W7063112744","https://openalex.org/W7072646703","https://openalex.org/W7165292327","https://openalex.org/W2342988033"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u0412":[0,35],"\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439":[1],"\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435":[2,36],"\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f":[3,37],"\u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435,":[4],"\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430":[5],"\u0438":[6,14,20,29,42,48,60,67,74,95,101,116],"\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439":[7],"\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440":[8],"\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438":[9,69,110],"\u043a\u0430\u043a":[10,70],"\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435":[11],"\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438":[12],"\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438":[13],"\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e":[15],"\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430.":[16],"\u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f":[17],"\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435,":[18],"\u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435":[19],"\u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435":[21],"\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b,":[22],"\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435":[23],"\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c,":[24],"\u0430":[25,51],"\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435":[26,52],"\u0435\u0451":[27,46],"\u044f\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435":[28],"\u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0435":[30],"(\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435)":[31],"\u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f":[32],"\u0432":[33,71,75],"\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435.":[34],"\u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435":[38],"\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044b":[39],"\u043a":[40],"\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e":[41],"\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0443":[43],"\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438,":[44,88],"\u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435":[45],"\u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445":[47],"\u0441\u0443\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445":[49],"\u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432,":[50],"\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430":[53],"\u043d\u0435\u0443\u0447\u0442\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439":[54],"\u0438\u043b\u0438":[55],"\u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0439":[56],"\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.":[57],"\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044f":[58],"\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e":[59],"\u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e":[61],"\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044e,":[62],"\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f":[63],"\u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442":[64],"\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c":[65],"\u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f":[66],"\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f":[68],"\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c,":[72],"\u0442\u0430\u043a":[73],"\u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c":[76],"\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435.":[77],"\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b":[78],"\u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f":[79],"\u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442,":[80],"\u0447\u0442\u043e":[81,89,106],"\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f":[82],"\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c":[83],"\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442":[84],"\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e":[85],"\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c":[86],"\u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439":[87],"\u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442":[90],"\u043e\u0431":[91],"\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438":[92],"\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439":[93],"\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438":[94],"\u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438":[96],"\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439":[97],"\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438,":[98],"\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439":[99],"\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438":[100],"\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445":[102],"\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445":[103],"\u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0432.":[104],"\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f,":[105],"\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435":[107],"\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439":[108],"\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b":[109],"\u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e":[111],"\u0434\u043b\u044f":[112],"\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e":[113],"\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e":[114],"\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430":[115],"\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438":[117],"\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0439,":[118],"\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439":[119],"\u043d\u0430":[120],"\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445":[121],"\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445":[122],"\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439":[123],"\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00"}
