{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7216506901","doi":"https://doi.org/10.51278/bpr.v5i3.1840","title":"Empowering Maritime Generation Z Students to Develop a Digital Entrepreneurial Mindset through Self-Efficacy & Cognitive Flexibility","display_name":"Empowering Maritime Generation Z Students to Develop a Digital Entrepreneurial Mindset through Self-Efficacy & Cognitive Flexibility","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7216506901","doi":"https://doi.org/10.51278/bpr.v5i3.1840"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:attractivejournal.com:article/1840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.51278/bpr.v5i3.1840","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://attractivejournal.com/index.php/bpr/article/view/1840","pdf_url":"https://attractivejournal.com/index.php/bpr/article/download/1840/1580","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387282132","display_name":"Bulletin of Pedagogical Research","issn_l":"2775-2305","issn":["2775-2305"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2775-2305","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://attractivejournal.com/index.php/bpr/article/download/1840/1580","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5155297898","display_name":"Riki Wanda Putra","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405275495","display_name":"Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat","ror":"https://ror.org/03pzw1k03","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275495"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Riki Wanda Putra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405275495"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5155366598","display_name":"Bambang Hermanto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405275495","display_name":"Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat","ror":"https://ror.org/03pzw1k03","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275495"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bambang Hermanto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405275495"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120981506","display_name":"Elfira Wirza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1190-5996","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1190-5996"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405275495","display_name":"Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat","ror":"https://ror.org/03pzw1k03","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275495"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elfira Wirza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405275495"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5155699286","display_name":"Nazarwin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405275495","display_name":"Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat","ror":"https://ror.org/03pzw1k03","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275495"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nazarwin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405275495"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115017012","display_name":"Hasri Devin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405275495","display_name":"Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat","ror":"https://ror.org/03pzw1k03","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405275495"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hasri Devin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405275495"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405275495"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.4997999966144562,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.4997999966144562,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13872","display_name":"Vocational and Entrepreneurial Education","score":0.49149999022483826,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13053","display_name":"SMEs Development and Digital Marketing","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1403","display_name":"Business and International Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-entrepreneurship","display_name":"digital entrepreneurship","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generation-z","display_name":"Generation Z","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maritime-students","display_name":"maritime students","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-efficacy","display_name":"self-efficacy","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-flexibility","display_name":"cognitive flexibility","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurial-spirit","display_name":"entrepreneurial spirit","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maritime-education","display_name":"maritime education","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/creative-problem-solving","display_name":"creative problem solving","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-thinking","display_name":"design thinking","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mentoring","display_name":"mentoring","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-empowerment","display_name":"student empowerment","score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curriculum-integration","display_name":"curriculum integration","score":0.5770000219345093}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778491294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339824","display_name":"Mindset","level":2,"score":0.8101000189781189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776831358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1150166","display_name":"Facilitator","level":2,"score":0.6913999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74196892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188","display_name":"Thematic analysis","level":3,"score":0.6410999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778573382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1038075","display_name":"Cognitive apprenticeship","level":2,"score":0.5091000199317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20555606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868575","display_name":"Empowerment","level":2,"score":0.477400004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.4666999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201305675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852998","display_name":"Stakeholder","level":2,"score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.44940000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53173841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897444","display_name":"Action research","level":2,"score":0.4081999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.39959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11012388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170658","display_name":"Creativity","level":2,"score":0.38850000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.37869998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.36980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3677999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87156501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708","display_name":"Qualitative property","level":2,"score":0.3547999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.34790000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.33970001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.3377000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140988679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140444","display_name":"Participatory action research","level":2,"score":0.33550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25032326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185467","display_name":"Socialization","level":2,"score":0.3181000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780210234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422638","display_name":"Action plan","level":2,"score":0.301800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111226992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q626225","display_name":"Teamwork","level":2,"score":0.3000999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.29899999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.29660001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14564219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383646","display_name":"Social cognitive theory","level":2,"score":0.2946999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.29339998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66102695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141208","display_name":"Cognitive flexibility","level":3,"score":0.29170000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909801347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141214","display_name":"Cognitive Intervention","level":3,"score":0.28790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203663800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848979","display_name":"Citizen journalism","level":2,"score":0.2838999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.27079999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14911803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7532148","display_name":"Situation analysis","level":2,"score":0.26840001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.2515000104904175}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:attractivejournal.com:article/1840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.51278/bpr.v5i3.1840","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://attractivejournal.com/index.php/bpr/article/view/1840","pdf_url":"https://attractivejournal.com/index.php/bpr/article/download/1840/1580","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387282132","display_name":"Bulletin of Pedagogical Research","issn_l":"2775-2305","issn":["2775-2305"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2775-2305","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:attractivejournal.com:article/1840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.51278/bpr.v5i3.1840","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://attractivejournal.com/index.php/bpr/article/view/1840","pdf_url":"https://attractivejournal.com/index.php/bpr/article/download/1840/1580","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387282132","display_name":"Bulletin of Pedagogical Research","issn_l":"2775-2305","issn":["2775-2305"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2775-2305","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.975600004196167,"display_name":"Quality education"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4943999946117401,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.48510000109672546,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7216506901.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7216506901.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3015280680","https://openalex.org/W3173258505","https://openalex.org/W3182482226","https://openalex.org/W4220702305","https://openalex.org/W4224248220","https://openalex.org/W4225944184","https://openalex.org/W4226271826","https://openalex.org/W4293382597","https://openalex.org/W4296149572","https://openalex.org/W4296836635","https://openalex.org/W4297541509","https://openalex.org/W4315498265","https://openalex.org/W4323036446","https://openalex.org/W4360998789","https://openalex.org/W4377018657","https://openalex.org/W4381137186","https://openalex.org/W4384069364","https://openalex.org/W4384945226","https://openalex.org/W4386034407","https://openalex.org/W4386903282","https://openalex.org/W4388827803","https://openalex.org/W4389203975","https://openalex.org/W4396880878","https://openalex.org/W4399223430","https://openalex.org/W4400472818","https://openalex.org/W4400849138","https://openalex.org/W4400901207","https://openalex.org/W4401241254","https://openalex.org/W4403093704","https://openalex.org/W4403148557","https://openalex.org/W4403461549","https://openalex.org/W4403562879","https://openalex.org/W4403583108","https://openalex.org/W4405195404","https://openalex.org/W4406165685","https://openalex.org/W4411452865"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4417348137","https://openalex.org/W7161637493","https://openalex.org/W4410925788","https://openalex.org/W7168395549","https://openalex.org/W7203915109","https://openalex.org/W4413952183","https://openalex.org/W7111174856","https://openalex.org/W4413952259","https://openalex.org/W7202286222","https://openalex.org/W7218850684"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,179],"examines":[2],"an":[3],"empowerment":[4],"program":[5,34],"designed":[6],"to":[7,25,36,131,198,219],"develop":[8],"a":[9,49,185,207],"digital":[10,86,156,187,221],"entrepreneurial":[11,121],"mindset":[12],"among":[13],"Generation":[14],"Z":[15],"maritime":[16,31,157,188,214,222],"students":[17,60],"by":[18],"strengthening":[19],"self-efficacy":[20],"and":[21,66,73,83,91,106,120,136,149,167,170,175,195,200],"cognitive":[22,118,142],"flexibility.":[23],"Responding":[24],"the":[26,30,33,55,204],"accelerating":[27],"digitalization":[28],"of":[29,69,184,217],"sector,":[32],"aimed":[35],"shift":[37],"student":[38,102],"perspectives":[39],"from":[40],"traditional":[41],"seafaring":[42],"roles":[43],"toward":[44],"innovation-driven,":[45],"technology-based":[46],"entrepreneurship.":[47],"Adopting":[48],"Participatory":[50],"Action":[51],"Research":[52],"(PAR)":[53],"model,":[54],"intervention":[56,205],"involved":[57],"118":[58],"second-semester":[59],"at":[61],"Politeknik":[62],"Pelayaran":[63],"Sumatera":[64],"Barat":[65],"comprised":[67],"stages":[68],"preliminary":[70],"assessment,":[71],"socialization":[72],"motivational":[74],"seminars,":[75],"two-day":[76],"training":[77,165],"workshops":[78],"using":[79],"Creative":[80],"Problem":[81],"Solving":[82],"Design":[84],"Thinking,":[85],"business":[87,158],"idea":[88],"simulations,":[89],"mentoring,":[90],"reflective":[92],"evaluation.":[93],"Data":[94],"collection":[95],"included":[96],"pre\u2013post":[97],"surveys,":[98],"direct":[99],"observation,":[100],"written":[101],"reflections,":[103],"facilitator":[104],"notes,":[105],"triangulation":[107],"across":[108],"sources;":[109],"qualitative":[110],"descriptive":[111],"analysis":[112],"identified":[113],"thematic":[114],"changes":[115],"in":[116,128,145],"self-efficacy,":[117],"flexibility,":[119],"orientation.":[122],"Post-intervention":[123],"findings":[124],"show":[125],"notable":[126],"increases":[127],"students\u2019":[129],"confidence":[130],"express":[132],"ideas,":[133],"make":[134],"decisions,":[135],"assume":[137],"leadership":[138],"roles,":[139],"alongside":[140],"enhanced":[141],"flexibility":[143],"manifested":[144],"multi-perspective":[146],"problem":[147],"solving":[148],"creative":[150],"solution":[151],"generation.":[152],"Participants":[153],"produced":[154],"viable":[155],"concepts":[159],"(e.g.,":[160],"vessel-tracking":[161],"applications,":[162],"online":[163],"seafarer":[164],"platforms,":[166],"logistics":[168],"services),":[169],"demonstrated":[171],"improved":[172],"communication,":[173],"teamwork,":[174],"pitching":[176],"skills.":[177],"The":[178],"recommends":[180],"curriculum":[181],"integration,":[182],"establishment":[183],"campus":[186],"incubator,":[189],"stakeholder":[190],"engagement":[191],"for":[192,210],"industry":[193],"linkage,":[194],"longitudinal":[196],"evaluation":[197],"sustain":[199],"scale":[201],"outcomes.":[202],"Overall,":[203],"advances":[206],"replicable":[208],"model":[209],"preparing":[211],"adaptive,":[212],"innovative":[213],"graduates":[215],"capable":[216],"contributing":[218],"Indonesia\u2019s":[220],"economy.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00"}
