{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7216094512","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-026-01940-9","title":"Charting sex and age specific brain morphology in major depressive disorder","display_name":"Charting sex and age specific brain morphology in major depressive disorder","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7216094512","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-026-01940-9"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s43856-026-01940-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-026-01940-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-026-01940-9","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43856-026-01940-9_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210167893","display_name":"Communications Medicine","issn_l":"2730-664X","issn":["2730-664X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43856-026-01940-9_reference.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5155622269","display_name":"Kangjia Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kangjia Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain-Computer Interface & Brain-Inspired Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China","The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain-Computer Interface & Brain-Inspired Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134510380","display_name":"Xuemei Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129459","display_name":"The Affiliated Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vnzz93","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129459"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuemei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Major Brain Disease and Aging Research (Ministry of Education), The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Major Brain Disease and Aging Research (Ministry of Education), The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129459"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134556173","display_name":"Yang Huang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129459","display_name":"The Affiliated Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vnzz93","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129459"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129459"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5155766688","display_name":"Qingjin Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingjin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain-Computer Interface & Brain-Inspired Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China","The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain-Computer Interface & Brain-Inspired Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5155726622","display_name":"Wenxia Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenxia Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain-Computer Interface & Brain-Inspired Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China","The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain-Computer Interface & Brain-Inspired Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035145192","display_name":"Jinpeng Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6448-6615","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6448-6615"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinpeng Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain-Computer Interface & Brain-Inspired Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China","The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain-Computer Interface & Brain-Inspired Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063256470","display_name":"Jiang Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0269-5910","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0269-5910"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142108993","display_name":"Southwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj4z117","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiang Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0269-5910","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115603655","display_name":"Yan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4835-8541","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4835-8541","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3436-6740"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156804","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/056swr059","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156804"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156804"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077133951","display_name":"Shaoqiang Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7331-0315","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7331-0315"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156804","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/056swr059","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156804"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaoqiang Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7331-0315","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156804"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100437036","display_name":"Kai Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-914X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-914X","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2312-8109","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6170-4744","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5256-376X","https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7837-8839"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197869895","display_name":"Anhui Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/03xb04968","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197869895"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197869895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100366133","display_name":"Dong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0332-1195","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0332-1195"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151075929","display_name":"Army Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05w21nn13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151075929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117763","display_name":"Xinqiao Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02d217z27","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0332-1195","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151075929","https://openalex.org/I4210117763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5154657460","display_name":"Bo Zhou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5156047640","display_name":"Gong-jun Ji","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197869895","display_name":"Anhui Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/03xb04968","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197869895"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gong-jun Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197869895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124820355","display_name":"Ying Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162753","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05d5vvz89","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162753"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125482304","display_name":"Yuan Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156804","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/056swr059","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156804"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156804"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001452188","display_name":"\u59da\u51a0\u7fa4","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17721919","display_name":"Shanxi Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/0265d1010","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17721919"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125748","display_name":"First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vzqaq35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guanqun Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17721919","https://openalex.org/I4210125748"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5156166993","display_name":"Yong Xu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154481","display_name":"Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xjwyj62","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154481"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Psychology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Psychology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358","https://openalex.org/I4387154481"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100375885","display_name":"Tao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1048-4443","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1048-4443","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7939-9090"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137260497","display_name":"Xi Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151075929","display_name":"Army Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05w21nn13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151075929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117763","display_name":"Xinqiao Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02d217z27","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain-Computer Interface & Brain-Inspired Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China","Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China","The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain-Computer Interface & Brain-Inspired Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151075929","https://openalex.org/I4210117763"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101524913","display_name":"Liyuan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3758-1975","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3758-1975"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liyuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102380864","display_name":"Xuan Ouyang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5898-1261","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5898-1261"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuan Ouyang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020418667","display_name":"Ruiyang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6800-5698","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6800-5698"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruiyang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5154277514","display_name":"Huafu Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huafu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain-Computer Interface & Brain-Inspired Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China","The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain-Computer Interface & Brain-Inspired Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5156091650","display_name":"Xinyu Zhou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129459","display_name":"The Affiliated Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vnzz93","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129459"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xinyu Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Major Brain Disease and Aging Research (Ministry of Education), The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Major Brain Disease and Aging Research (Ministry of Education), The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129459"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5156252255","display_name":"Jiao Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain-Computer Interface & Brain-Inspired Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China","The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain-Computer Interface & Brain-Inspired Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066130076","display_name":"Wei Liao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7406-7193","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7406-7193"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain-Computer Interface & Brain-Inspired Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China","The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7406-7193","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain-Computer Interface & Brain-Inspired Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066130076","https://openalex.org/A5156091650","https://openalex.org/A5156252255"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711","https://openalex.org/I4210129459"],"apc_list":{"value":3690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3690},"apc_paid":{"value":3690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3690},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68322393,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11071","display_name":"Treatment of Major Depression","score":0.7817000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11071","display_name":"Treatment of Major Depression","score":0.7817000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.10170000046491623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.0494999997317791,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/major-depressive-disorder","display_name":"major depressive disorder","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-differences","display_name":"sex differences","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-aging","display_name":"brain aging","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-structure","display_name":"brain structure","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cortical-thickness","display_name":"cortical thickness","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-volume","display_name":"brain volume","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebral-metabolic-rate-of-glucose","display_name":"cerebral metabolic rate of glucose","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebral-blood-flow","display_name":"cerebral blood flow","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebral-metabolic-rate-for-oxygen","display_name":"cerebral oxygen consumption","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adolescence","display_name":"adolescence","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/old-age","display_name":"old age","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-specific-treatment","display_name":"sex-specific treatment","score":0.5109999775886536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780051608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42844","display_name":"Major depressive disorder","level":3,"score":0.8495000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145940234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4955830","display_name":"Brain morphometry","level":3,"score":0.7099000215530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780914113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19468049","display_name":"Gyrification","level":3,"score":0.613099992275238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65835030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030681","display_name":"Brain size","level":3,"score":0.5950999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4505999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778945730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1517875","display_name":"Sex characteristics","level":2,"score":0.42590001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.41119998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42407357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521","display_name":"Physiology","level":1,"score":0.3831000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777670902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492038","display_name":"Human brain","level":2,"score":0.3790999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58693492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q551875","display_name":"Neuroimaging","level":2,"score":0.3749000132083893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993665655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4692577","display_name":"Brain aging","level":3,"score":0.3537999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162317418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252857","display_name":"Transcriptome","level":4,"score":0.3488999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779144063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338924","display_name":"Amygdala","level":2,"score":0.33550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205545832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156455","display_name":"Young adult","level":2,"score":0.3345000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776412080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431605","display_name":"Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming)","level":2,"score":0.32199999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3075999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.3034999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.2980000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2847999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776174506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131755","display_name":"Bipolar disorder","level":3,"score":0.27140000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157767197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q886843","display_name":"Cerebral blood flow","level":2,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50231774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639842","display_name":"Brain mapping","level":2,"score":0.26100000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.25360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120843803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4955807","display_name":"Brain activity and meditation","level":3,"score":0.2524000108242035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s43856-026-01940-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-026-01940-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-026-01940-9","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43856-026-01940-9_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210167893","display_name":"Communications Medicine","issn_l":"2730-664X","issn":["2730-664X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s43856-026-01940-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-026-01940-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-026-01940-9","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43856-026-01940-9_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210167893","display_name":"Communications Medicine","issn_l":"2730-664X","issn":["2730-664X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2183562153","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62571105","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2340591891","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62036003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3836701498","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62473082","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G728059352","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82121003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8984308958","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZYGX2024XJ054","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7216094512.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7216094512.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7164664419"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200591369","https://openalex.org/W7172420114","https://openalex.org/W4205833057","https://openalex.org/W4206076058","https://openalex.org/W3024838586","https://openalex.org/W2145925061","https://openalex.org/W4385684866","https://openalex.org/W7164406272","https://openalex.org/W2946352598","https://openalex.org/W4400605458"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Major":[0,178],"depressive":[1,179,306],"disorder":[2,180,307],"(MDD)":[3,181],"is":[4],"associated":[5,147],"with":[6,34,55,98,111,126,135,148,199,218,227,238,323],"brain":[7,29,87,102,160,203,232,253,276,301],"structural":[8],"abnormalities,":[9],"yet":[10],"how":[11,251],"these":[12,187,281],"abnormalities":[13],"vary":[14],"across":[15,36,308],"age":[16,39],"and":[17,60,90,104,120,139,154,165,193,195,220,258,268,290,330],"sex":[18],"remain":[19],"incompletely":[20],"understood.":[21],"Here,":[22],"we":[23,45,71,94],"aimed":[24],"to":[25,86,213,250,278,293],"characterize":[26,298],"sex-stratified":[27,47,142],"age-related":[28,48,77,143,300],"morphological":[30,144,302],"patterns":[31,49,145],"in":[32,53,80,131,151,163,173,206,243,304,326,331],"patients":[33,54,217],"MDD":[35,56,99,127,219,228,239],"a":[37,169],"broad":[38],"range.":[40],"Using":[41],"large":[42,314],"multisite":[43,315],"datasets,":[44],"modeled":[46],"of":[50,76,116,176,274,287],"gray-matter":[51],"morphometrics":[52],"(n":[57],"=":[58,65],"1,982)":[59],"healthy":[61,221],"controls":[62],"(HCs,":[63],"n":[64],"5,160)":[66],"aged":[67,211,310],"12\u201375":[68,311],"years.":[69],"Then,":[70],"examined":[72],"the":[73,112,174,184,252,285],"biological":[74],"relevance":[75],"group":[78],"differences":[79,130,233,242,282,303],"morphometric":[81,204],"features":[82,205],"by":[83],"linking":[84],"them":[85],"metabolic,":[88],"neurotransmitter,":[89],"transcriptomic":[91],"profiles.":[92],"Here":[93],"show":[95,229,240],"that":[96,225,266],"males":[97,192,226,267,327],"exhibit":[100,128],"decreased":[101],"volume":[103],"cortical":[105],"thickness":[106],"during":[107,234,328,333],"adolescence,":[108,235],"which":[109],"correlate":[110],"cerebral":[113,121],"metabolic":[114,152],"rate":[115],"glucose":[117],"use":[118],"(CMRglc)":[119],"blood":[122],"flow":[123],"(CBF).":[124],"Females":[125],"prominent":[129],"late":[132,166,244,334],"adulthood,":[133],"colocalizing":[134],"oxygen":[136],"consumption,":[137],"CMRglc,":[138],"CBF.":[140],"These":[141,246],"are":[146,248],"genes":[149],"enriched":[150],"processes":[153],"neurotransmitter":[155],"signaling.":[156],"Collectively,":[157],"sexually":[158],"divergent":[159],"morphology":[161],"alterations":[162,325],"adolescence":[164,329],"adulthood":[167],"highlight":[168],"sex-specific":[170,291,299],"vulnerability":[171,277,321],"window":[172],"pathology":[175],"MDD.":[177,279],"can":[182],"affect":[183],"brain,":[185],"but":[186],"effects":[188],"may":[189,196,270,283],"differ":[190],"between":[191],"females":[194,237,269,332],"also":[197],"change":[198],"age.":[200],"We":[201,223],"investigated":[202],"more":[207,230,241,288],"than":[208],"7,000":[209],"individuals":[210,309],"12":[212],"75":[214],"years,":[215],"including":[216],"individuals.":[222],"found":[224],"noticeable":[231],"whereas":[236],"adulthood.":[245,335],"changes":[247],"linked":[249],"uses":[254],"energy,":[255],"receives":[256],"blood,":[257],"communicates":[259],"through":[260],"chemical":[261],"signals.":[262],"Our":[263],"findings":[264],"suggest":[265],"have":[271],"different":[272],"periods":[273],"greater":[275,324],"Understanding":[280],"support":[284],"development":[286],"age-":[289],"approaches":[292],"depression.":[294],"Chen":[295],"et":[296],"al.":[297],"major":[305],"years":[312],"using":[313],"neuroimaging":[316],"datasets.":[317],"They":[318],"find":[319],"distinct":[320],"windows,":[322]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00"}
