{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7216088341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-74563-8","title":"Design, implementation, and evaluation of a comprehensive educational program for microbiology laboratory personnel and graduate students in teaching hospitals","display_name":"Design, implementation, and evaluation of a comprehensive educational program for microbiology laboratory personnel and graduate students in teaching hospitals","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7216088341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-74563-8"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-74563-8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-74563-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-74563-8","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-74563-8_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-74563-8_reference.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110593139","display_name":"Zohre Baseri","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161106909","display_name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03w04rv71","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zohre Baseri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5154688376","display_name":"Gholamreza Irajian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161106909","display_name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03w04rv71","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gholamreza Irajian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085129593","display_name":"Amin Dehghan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2126-1106","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2126-1106"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161106909","display_name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03w04rv71","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amin Dehghan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","School of Medicine, Ali Asghar Children\u2019s Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2126-1106","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, Ali Asghar Children\u2019s Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085129593"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161106909"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65021464,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10254","display_name":"Innovations in Medical Education","score":0.8838000297546387,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10254","display_name":"Innovations in Medical Education","score":0.8838000297546387,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11314","display_name":"Clinical Laboratory Practices and Quality Control","score":0.10239999741315842,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3607","display_name":"Medical Laboratory Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12413","display_name":"Health and Medical Education","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graduate-student-training","display_name":"graduate student training","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuing-professional-development","display_name":"continuing professional development","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laboratory-quality-control","display_name":"laboratory quality control","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antimicrobial-resistance","display_name":"antimicrobial resistance","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specimen-processing","display_name":"specimen processing","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-needs-analysis","display_name":"training needs assessment","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laboratory-audit","display_name":"laboratory audit","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-assessment","display_name":"knowledge assessment","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teaching-hospitals","display_name":"teaching hospitals","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workshop-based-training","display_name":"workshop-based training","score":0.39100000262260437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194051981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1337691","display_name":"Economic shortage","level":3,"score":0.697700023651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.6121000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199521495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181487","display_name":"Audit","level":2,"score":0.6014000177383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779182362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126187","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","level":2,"score":0.5400999784469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777458711","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5341296","display_name":"Educational program","level":2,"score":0.5400000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5145999789237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44519122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2296168","display_name":"Medical laboratory","level":2,"score":0.4713999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5395021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061410","display_name":"Program evaluation","level":2,"score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989236134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Patient care","level":2,"score":0.39259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22156102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5341294","display_name":"Educational measurement","level":3,"score":0.36719998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71405471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757012","display_name":"Quality management","level":3,"score":0.3610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.35839998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.3513999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3183000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106436119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836575","display_name":"Quality assurance","level":3,"score":0.30230000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51067260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828812","display_name":"Professional development","level":2,"score":0.28690001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020528894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20820271","display_name":"Graduate students","level":2,"score":0.2815999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.27250000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779767262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5592059","display_name":"Graduate medical education","level":3,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.25290000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.25209999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.25130000710487366}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-74563-8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-74563-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-74563-8","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-74563-8_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3588b1be0fbc4382b38368a58ad65363","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3588b1be0fbc4382b38368a58ad65363","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports, Vol 16, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-74563-8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-74563-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-74563-8","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-74563-8_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9901999831199646,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"},{"score":0.9476000070571899,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322670","display_name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7216088341.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7216088341.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200502120"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3131950541","https://openalex.org/W4399552418","https://openalex.org/W6980777576","https://openalex.org/W2164040484","https://openalex.org/W32384138","https://openalex.org/W2361539054","https://openalex.org/W2314983781","https://openalex.org/W3198062769","https://openalex.org/W2004409071","https://openalex.org/W1963993251"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Patient":[0],"care":[1],"and":[2,15,29,41,103,120,125,140,157,181,248,266,278,309],"clinical":[3],"diagnosis":[4],"are":[5],"significantly":[6,163],"dependent":[7],"on":[8,92],"laboratory":[9,30,78,123,267],"results.":[10],"Repeated":[11],"shortages":[12],"of":[13,34,55,58,77,95,218,256,274,300],"skills":[14],"evolving":[16],"technologies,":[17],"however,":[18],"highlight":[19],"the":[20,48,52,133,155,201,243,272,285,298,301],"need":[21,313],"for":[22,47,64,164],"continuous":[23],"professional":[24],"development":[25],"in":[26,51,82,264,280,317],"graduate":[27],"students":[28,114,182],"personnel.":[31],"The":[32,254],"purpose":[33],"this":[35],"study":[36],"was":[37,239],"to":[38,111,117,131,169,186,213,261,271,297,314],"design,":[39],"implement,":[40],"evaluate":[42],"a":[43,73,93,151,275],"comprehensive":[44],"educational":[45],"program":[46,244,259],"microbiology":[49],"personnel":[50,139,165],"teaching":[53,84],"hospitals":[54,85],"Tehran":[56],"University":[57],"Medical":[59],"Sciences":[60],"as":[61,63,245,252],"well":[62],"postgraduate":[65],"students.":[66],"This":[67],"single-group,":[68],"uncontrolled":[69],"pre-test/post-test":[70],"evaluation":[71],"included":[72,316],"nine-month":[74],"pre-and-post":[75],"audit":[76,203,268],"quality.":[79],"Baseline":[80],"assessments":[81],"14":[83,206],"identified":[86],"training":[87,302],"needs.":[88],"Ten":[89],"focused":[90],"workshops":[91],"set":[94],"priority":[96],"topics,":[97],"including":[98],"quality":[99],"control,":[100],"antimicrobial":[101],"resistance,":[102],"specimen":[104],"processing":[105],"were":[106,109,115,129,145],"formulated.":[107],"Personnel":[108],"required":[110],"attend,":[112],"whereas":[113],"invited":[116],"attend.":[118],"Pre-":[119],"post-tests,":[121],"follow-up":[122],"audits,":[124],"participant":[126],"satisfaction":[127],"surveys":[128],"used":[130],"assess":[132],"program\u2019s":[134],"effectiveness.":[135],"In":[136],"total,":[137],"282":[138],"200":[141],"student":[142],"workshop":[143],"attendances":[144],"analyzed;":[146],"all":[147],"participants":[148],"who":[149],"began":[150],"session":[152],"completed":[153],"both":[154],"pre-":[156],"post-tests.":[158],"Post-test":[159],"knowledge":[160,265],"scores":[161],"increased":[162],"(4.32":[166],"\u00b1":[167,171,184,188,211,215],"1.66":[168],"7.52":[170],"1.70;":[172],"p":[173,190,231,235],"<":[174,191,232],"0.001;":[175,192,233],"Cohen\u2019s":[176,193],"d":[177,194],"z":[178,195],"=":[179,196,229,236],"1.68)":[180],"(3.64":[183],"1.08":[185],"7.35":[187],"1.47;":[189],"2.33).":[197],"At":[198],"nine":[199],"months,":[200],"mean":[202],"score":[204],"across":[205],"centers":[207],"improved":[208],"from":[209,284],"15.86":[210],"2.99":[212],"17.93":[214],"2.75":[216],"out":[217],"20":[219],"(mean":[220],"improvement":[221],"2.07,":[222],"95%":[223],"CI":[224],"1.16\u20132.98;":[225],"paired":[226],"t":[227],"(13)":[228],"4.93,":[230],"Wilcoxon":[234],"0.001).":[237],"Satisfaction":[238],"high:":[240],"85%":[241],"rated":[242,250],"\u201cvery":[246],"good,\u201d":[247],"15%":[249],"it":[251],"\u201cgood.\u201d":[253],"implementation":[255],"an":[257],"organized":[258],"led":[260],"substantial":[262],"improvements":[263,279,292],"scores.":[269],"Due":[270],"lack":[273],"control":[276],"group":[277],"other":[281],"areas":[282],"apart":[283],"training,":[286],"one":[287],"cannot":[288],"conclude":[289],"that":[290],"these":[291],"can":[293],"be":[294,315],"directly":[295],"attributed":[296],"effect":[299],"alone.":[303],"Control":[304],"groups,":[305],"individual":[306],"attendance":[307],"data,":[308],"validated":[310],"assessment":[311],"instruments":[312],"future":[318],"evaluations.":[319]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00"}
