{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7216004792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26538/tjdr/v2i4.1","title":"GC-MS Fingerprint of Mitracarpus hirtus and Commiphora africana: Medicinal plants Used in the Treatment of Skin and Wound Infections in Bauchi Town","display_name":"GC-MS Fingerprint of Mitracarpus hirtus and Commiphora africana: Medicinal plants Used in the Treatment of Skin and Wound Infections in Bauchi Town","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7216004792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26538/tjdr/v2i4.1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.tjdr.org:article/41","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26538/tjdr/v2i4.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://tjdr.org/index.php/home/article/view/41","pdf_url":"https://tjdr.org/index.php/home/article/download/41/39","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407002409","display_name":"Tropical Journal of Drug Research","issn_l":"2476-8065","issn":["2476-8065"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2476-8065","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7216004792"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://tjdr.org/index.php/home/article/download/41/39","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5155817859","display_name":"Zailani S Bello","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169864488","display_name":"Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University","ror":"https://ror.org/019vfke14","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169864488"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bello, Zailani S","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi state Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi state Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169864488"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012465893","display_name":"Adamu Maryam Bappah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169864488","display_name":"Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University","ror":"https://ror.org/019vfke14","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169864488"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bappah, Adamu M","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi state Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi state Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169864488"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5155301923","display_name":"Hassan D Mhyab","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169864488","display_name":"Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University","ror":"https://ror.org/019vfke14","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169864488"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mhyab, Hassan D","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi state Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi state Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169864488"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5156284948","display_name":"Shuiabu Y Usman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169864488","display_name":"Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University","ror":"https://ror.org/019vfke14","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169864488"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Usman, Shuiabu Y","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi state Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi state Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169864488"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5155719841","display_name":"Jimoh A Kolawole","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169864488","display_name":"Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University","ror":"https://ror.org/019vfke14","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169864488"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kolawole, Jimoh A","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi state Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi state Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169864488"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030044633","display_name":"Mudathir Qossim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5892-6426","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5892-6426"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169864488","display_name":"Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University","ror":"https://ror.org/019vfke14","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169864488"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qossim, Mudathir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi state Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi state Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169864488"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070913014","display_name":"Zakari Nusayba Dambam","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169864488","display_name":"Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University","ror":"https://ror.org/019vfke14","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169864488"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dambam, Zakari N","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi state Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi state Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169864488"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137708282","display_name":"Halima Bawa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169864488","display_name":"Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University","ror":"https://ror.org/019vfke14","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169864488"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Halima, Bawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi state Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi state Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169864488"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169864488"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8516,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67342779,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14521","display_name":"Medicinal Plant Research","score":0.6801999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14521","display_name":"Medicinal Plant Research","score":0.6801999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10431","display_name":"Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Plants Studies","score":0.09179999679327011,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10225","display_name":"Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity","score":0.08030000329017639,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mitracarpus-hirtus","display_name":"Mitracarpus hirtus","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commiphora-africana","display_name":"Commiphora africana","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicinal-plants","display_name":"medicinal plants","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wound-healing","display_name":"wound healing","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-infections","display_name":"skin infections","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phytochemicals","display_name":"phytochemicals","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aqueous-leaf-extract","display_name":"aqueous leaf extract","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyrones","display_name":"pyranones","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resorcinol","display_name":"resorcinol","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/undecanoic-acid","display_name":"undecanoic acid","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/myristic-acid","display_name":"myristic acid","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-silico-prediction","display_name":"in silico prediction","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traditional-medicine","display_name":"traditional medicine","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibacterial-activity","display_name":"antibacterial activity","score":0.5460000038146973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556039675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771035","display_name":"Traditional medicine","level":1,"score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779158651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188840","display_name":"Medicinal plants","level":2,"score":0.5666999816894531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5541999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993907526","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1259977","display_name":"Aqueous extract","level":2,"score":0.4564000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780269544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509074","display_name":"Wound healing","level":2,"score":0.42399999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.3273000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.2996000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777826928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3745713","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2808000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018363719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q645858","display_name":"Dietary supplement","level":2,"score":0.24719999730587006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.24040000140666962}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.tjdr.org:article/41","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26538/tjdr/v2i4.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://tjdr.org/index.php/home/article/view/41","pdf_url":"https://tjdr.org/index.php/home/article/download/41/39","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407002409","display_name":"Tropical Journal of Drug Research","issn_l":"2476-8065","issn":["2476-8065"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2476-8065","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.tjdr.org:article/41","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26538/tjdr/v2i4.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://tjdr.org/index.php/home/article/view/41","pdf_url":"https://tjdr.org/index.php/home/article/download/41/39","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407002409","display_name":"Tropical Journal of Drug Research","issn_l":"2476-8065","issn":["2476-8065"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2476-8065","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8560000061988831}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7216004792.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7216004792.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2280739725","https://openalex.org/W2336318282","https://openalex.org/W2891683454","https://openalex.org/W3013869553","https://openalex.org/W3041815141","https://openalex.org/W3092732923","https://openalex.org/W3108440810","https://openalex.org/W3206049833","https://openalex.org/W4200607019","https://openalex.org/W4223964573","https://openalex.org/W4289524826","https://openalex.org/W4292998399","https://openalex.org/W4309076136","https://openalex.org/W4313260176","https://openalex.org/W4388879058","https://openalex.org/W4391282342","https://openalex.org/W4394872760","https://openalex.org/W4401585739","https://openalex.org/W4403877143","https://openalex.org/W4404277077","https://openalex.org/W4405943182"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4400781758","https://openalex.org/W2590771983","https://openalex.org/W2128300039","https://openalex.org/W4280554125","https://openalex.org/W4392382105","https://openalex.org/W4311046347","https://openalex.org/W2147664895","https://openalex.org/W4289532001","https://openalex.org/W7220808939","https://openalex.org/W7008275514"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose:":[0],"Mitracarpus":[1,169,291],"hirtus":[2,170,215,292],"and":[3,21,84,106,129,140,171,240,258,293,313],"Commiphora":[4,172,294],"africana":[5,173,184,295],"are":[6],"two":[7],"medicinal":[8],"plants":[9,64,252],"traditionally":[10],"utilized":[11],"in":[12,46,58,103,168,179,310],"Bauchi":[13],"town,":[14],"Nigeria,":[15],"for":[16,29,108,115,153,175,245,266,303],"the":[17,25,40,54,59,97,104,180,199,237,246,251,267,271,281],"treatment":[18],"of":[19,56,62,166,182,211,224,250,263,288],"skin":[20,312],"wound":[22,71,110,133,176,247,304],"infections.":[23],"However,":[24],"bioactive":[26,130],"chemicals":[27],"responsible":[28,244],"these":[30,63],"effects":[31],"have":[32],"not":[33],"been":[34],"fully":[35],"identified.":[36],"On":[37],"this":[38],"basis,":[39],"current":[41],"work":[42],"employed":[43],"GC-MS":[44,94],"analysis":[45,95],"conjunction":[47],"with":[48,70,86,227,278,300],"computational":[49],"prediction":[50,114],"studies":[51],"to":[52,67,93,193,242,297],"investigate":[53],"presence":[55,233],"compounds":[57,98,238,268,299],"aqueous":[60],"extracts":[61,89,174,181,253],"leaves,":[65],"aiming":[66],"identify":[68],"those":[69],"healing":[72,111,248,305],"properties.":[73],"Methods:":[74],"The":[75,88,160],"Plants":[76],"leaves":[77],"were":[78,91,100,143,185,218,254],"air-dried,":[79],"pulverized":[80],"into":[81],"powdered":[82],"form":[83],"extracted":[85],"aqueous.":[87],"obtained":[90],"subjected":[92],"where":[96],"identified":[99,239],"search":[101],"both":[102],"literature":[105],"in-silico":[107],"their":[109,308],"characteristic.":[112],"In-silico":[113],"compounds'":[116],"physiochemical":[117],"properties,":[118],"adsorption,":[119],"distribution,":[120],"metabolism,":[121],"excretion,":[122],"toxicity":[123],"as":[124,126,150],"well":[125],"drug-likeness":[127],"properties":[128,249],"characteristics,":[131],"including":[132],"healing,":[134],"anti-inflammatory,":[135],"antioxidant,":[136],"antibacterial,":[137],"growth":[138],"stimulation,":[139],"so":[141],"on,":[142],"predicted":[144,241],"using":[145],"an":[146],"online":[147],"software":[148],"such":[149],"activity":[151],"spectra":[152],"biologically":[154],"active":[155],"substances":[156],"(PASS)":[157],"etc.":[158],"Results:":[159],"study\u2019s":[161],"findings":[162],"revealed":[163],"various":[164],"capacities":[165],"phytochemicals":[167],"healing.":[177],"Compounds":[178],"C.":[183],"detected":[186,219],"at":[187,203,234,285],"retention":[188,222],"times":[189],"ranging":[190],"from":[191],"2.6":[192],"16.":[194],"5":[195],"minutes.":[196],"Pyranone":[197],"has":[198,207],"largest":[200],"percentage":[201],"yield":[202,210],"2.06%,":[204],"whereas":[205],"4-acetoxy-3-methoxystyrene":[206],"a":[208,221,231,275,286],"lower":[209],"0.12%.":[212],"In":[213],"M.":[214],"extracts,":[216],"components":[217],"after":[220],"duration":[223],"5-22":[225],"minutes,":[226],"Phenol,":[228],"2,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-,":[229],"having":[230],"higher":[232],"2.74%.":[235],"Among":[236],"be":[243],"resorcinol,":[255],"undecanoic":[256],"acid,":[257],"tetradecanoic":[259],"acid.":[260],"Quantitative":[261],"Estimate":[262],"Drug-likeness":[264],"(QED)":[265],"indicates":[269],"that":[270],"values":[272],"fall":[273],"within":[274],"desirable":[276],"range,":[277],"2,5-bis(1,1-Dimethylethyl)phenol":[279],"exhibiting":[280],"most":[282],"favorable":[283],"QED":[284],"value":[287],"0.68.":[289],"Conclusion:":[290],"showed":[296],"possess":[298],"good":[301],"qualities":[302],"hence":[306],"confirms":[307],"used":[309],"treating":[311],"wounds.":[314]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00"}