{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7215976007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.51582/interconf.19-20.08.2026.018","title":"Hacking the Sacred: Disinformation, Cyber Operations, and Church\u2013State Resilience in Georgia","display_name":"Hacking the Sacred: Disinformation, Cyber Operations, and Church\u2013State Resilience in Georgia","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7215976007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.51582/interconf.19-20.08.2026.018"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.51582/interconf.19-20.08.2026.018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.51582/interconf.19-20.08.2026.018","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.51582/interconf.19-20.08.2026.018","pdf_url":"https://archive.interconf.center/index.php/2709-4685/article/download/10289/10348","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210210058","display_name":"InterConf","issn_l":"2709-4685","issn":["2709-4685"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"InterConf","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://archive.interconf.center/index.php/2709-4685/article/download/10289/10348","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113475722","display_name":"Giorgi Pareshishvili","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0485-0880","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0485-0880"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090041","display_name":"Caucasus International University","ror":"https://ror.org/00atp1s12","country_code":"GE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090041"]}],"countries":["GE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Giorgi Pareshishvili","raw_affiliation_strings":["Caucasus International University (CIU)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0485-0880","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Caucasus International University (CIU)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113475722"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090041"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":"72(306)","first_page":"244","last_page":"251"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13369","display_name":"European and Russian Geopolitical Military Strategies","score":0.43290001153945923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13369","display_name":"European and Russian Geopolitical Military Strategies","score":0.43290001153945923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12221","display_name":"Cybersecurity and Cyber Warfare Studies","score":0.3788999915122986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11507","display_name":"Religion and Society Interactions","score":0.15479999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disinformation","display_name":"disinformation","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-operations","display_name":"cyber operations","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-soft-power","display_name":"religious soft power","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/georgian-orthodox-church","display_name":"Georgian Orthodox Church","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/church-state-relations","display_name":"church-state relations","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-warfare","display_name":"hybrid warfare","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/church-autonomy","display_name":"church autonomy","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religion-and-international-relations","display_name":"religion and international relations","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-identity","display_name":"national identity","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/georgia","display_name":"Georgia","score":0.3449999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/russia-georgia-relations","display_name":"Russian-Georgian relations","score":0.5839999914169312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.545199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.539900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201960208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159385","display_name":"Geopolitics","level":3,"score":0.5367000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776552730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189656","display_name":"Disinformation","level":3,"score":0.5239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778227311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2575688","display_name":"Militarization","level":3,"score":0.5235000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178601582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143951","display_name":"Soft power","level":3,"score":0.515500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.49729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4422999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4115000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.40389999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558872910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165950","display_name":"Espionage","level":2,"score":0.40220001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779626591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q536936","display_name":"Symbolic power","level":3,"score":0.39730000495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86844869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798820","display_name":"Hacker","level":2,"score":0.38420000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3813000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528167355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258307","display_name":"National security","level":2,"score":0.38019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.37599998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.3255999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781241145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204606","display_name":"Cyberspace","level":3,"score":0.3246999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.32350000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777367489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1060330","display_name":"Subversion","level":3,"score":0.3160000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.310699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557252395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1889","display_name":"Diplomacy","level":3,"score":0.31029999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65414064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484105","display_name":"Autonomy","level":2,"score":0.3068999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776452267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503443","display_name":"Secrecy","level":2,"score":0.3012999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70352696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8928","display_name":"Constellation","level":2,"score":0.2992999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.29750001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.29350000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171769113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849340","display_name":"Cyberwarfare","level":2,"score":0.29019999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777408017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1523191","display_name":"Governmentality","level":3,"score":0.28839999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20555606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868575","display_name":"Empowerment","level":2,"score":0.28110000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780105897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2514054","display_name":"Shoring","level":2,"score":0.27730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.27320000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44761211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752841","display_name":"Destiny (ISS module)","level":2,"score":0.26919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138569888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828310","display_name":"Panopticon","level":3,"score":0.2678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137176749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4105337","display_name":"Psychological resilience","level":2,"score":0.2630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780510313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178706","display_name":"Institution","level":2,"score":0.2612999975681305}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.51582/interconf.19-20.08.2026.018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.51582/interconf.19-20.08.2026.018","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.51582/interconf.19-20.08.2026.018","pdf_url":"https://archive.interconf.center/index.php/2709-4685/article/download/10289/10348","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210210058","display_name":"InterConf","issn_l":"2709-4685","issn":["2709-4685"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"InterConf","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.51582/interconf.19-20.08.2026.018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.51582/interconf.19-20.08.2026.018","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.51582/interconf.19-20.08.2026.018","pdf_url":"https://archive.interconf.center/index.php/2709-4685/article/download/10289/10348","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210210058","display_name":"InterConf","issn_l":"2709-4685","issn":["2709-4685"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"InterConf","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8046000003814697,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7215976007.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7215976007.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4404049152","https://openalex.org/W4413305925"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2994711605","https://openalex.org/W7005934896","https://openalex.org/W4321248623","https://openalex.org/W7220846696","https://openalex.org/W7163081151","https://openalex.org/W4417449178","https://openalex.org/W7139307634","https://openalex.org/W4312580020","https://openalex.org/W4377836084","https://openalex.org/W2888809625"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1,138],"examines":[2],"the":[3,19,28,33,40,68,137,140,146,171,174,177,199],"convergence":[4],"of":[5,39,78,93,98,117,123,142,152,173,191],"cyber":[6],"operations,":[7],"disinformation,":[8],"and":[9,23,32,74,104,126,128,149],"religious":[10,124,153],"soft":[11,118],"power":[12],"in":[13,85,108,134,159],"Georgia's":[14],"contested":[15],"geopolitical":[16],"environment.":[17],"Since":[18],"2008":[20],"Russo-Georgian":[21],"war,":[22],"with":[24,59],"growing":[25],"intensity":[26],"around":[27],"2019":[29],"GRU-attributed":[30],"cyberattack":[31],"extensive":[34],"espionage":[35],"campaign":[36],"uncovered":[37],"ahead":[38],"October":[41],"2024":[42],"parliamentary":[43],"elections,":[44],"Georgia":[45],"has":[46],"become":[47,156],"a":[48,75,91,105,187],"proving":[49],"ground":[50],"for":[51,132],"Russian":[52],"hybrid":[53,160],"operations":[54],"that":[55,155,164,193,201],"combine":[56],"technical":[57],"intrusion":[58],"narrative":[60],"warfare.":[61],"The":[62],"Georgian":[63],"Orthodox":[64],"Church":[65,175],"(GOC),":[66],"as":[67],"country's":[69],"most":[70],"trusted":[71],"public":[72],"institution":[73],"central":[76],"node":[77],"national":[79],"identity,":[80],"occupies":[81],"an":[82,95],"ambiguous":[83],"position":[84],"this":[86],"environment:":[87],"it":[88],"is":[89],"simultaneously":[90],"target":[92],"manipulation,":[94],"inadvertent":[96],"amplifier":[97],"Kremlin-aligned":[99],"narratives":[100],"on":[101,113],"\"traditional":[102],"values,\"":[103],"potential":[106],"partner":[107],"building":[109],"societal":[110],"resilience.":[111],"Drawing":[112],"Joseph":[114],"Nye's":[115],"concept":[116,141],"power,":[119],"Daniel":[120],"Philpott's":[121],"account":[122],"actors":[125,203],"sovereignty,":[127],"Jeffrey":[129],"Haynes'":[130],"framework":[131,190],"religion":[133],"international":[135],"relations,":[136],"develops":[139],"\"sacred":[143],"infrastructure\"":[144],"\u2014":[145],"communicative,":[147],"administrative,":[148],"symbolic":[150],"assets":[151],"institutions":[154],"attack":[157],"surfaces":[158],"conflict.":[161],"It":[162],"argues":[163],"church\u2013state":[165],"resilience":[166],"against":[167],"disinformation":[168],"requires":[169],"neither":[170],"instrumentalization":[172],"by":[176],"state":[178],"nor":[179],"its":[180],"insulation":[181],"from":[182],"digital-era":[183],"security":[184],"policy,":[185],"but":[186],"deliberate,":[188],"transparent":[189],"cooperation":[192],"protects":[194],"ecclesiastical":[195],"autonomy":[196],"while":[197],"closing":[198],"vulnerabilities":[200],"hostile":[202],"exploit.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00"}
