{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7215820980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aeaf69","title":"Between public space and private living: social infrastructure as a demand-side strategy for compact living","display_name":"Between public space and private living: social infrastructure as a demand-side strategy for compact living","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7215820980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aeaf69"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aeaf69","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aeaf69","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aeaf69","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aeaf69/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S139338987","display_name":"Environmental Research Letters","issn_l":"1748-9326","issn":["1748-9326"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environmental Research Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aeaf69/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012458514","display_name":"Tamar Meshulam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4642-0655","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4642-0655"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tamar Meshulam","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4642-0655","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022006569","display_name":"Shoshanna Saxe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4665-8890","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4665-8890"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shoshanna Saxe","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4665-8890","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012458514"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":{"value":3045,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3045},"apc_paid":{"value":3045,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3045},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66774172,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"20","first_page":"204006","last_page":"204006"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.5723000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.5723000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10632","display_name":"Housing Market and Economics","score":0.07720000296831131,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12325","display_name":"Urban Design and Spatial Analysis","score":0.05829999968409538,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-infrastructure","display_name":"social infrastructure","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compact-living","display_name":"compact living","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/house-size","display_name":"house size","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demand-side-strategies","display_name":"demand-side strategies","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-liveability","display_name":"urban liveability","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neighborhood-analysis","display_name":"neighborhood analysis","score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-form","display_name":"urban form","score":0.4129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vancouver","display_name":"Vancouver","score":0.4569999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toronto","display_name":"Toronto","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/montreal","display_name":"Montreal","score":0.75}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52130261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39825","display_name":"Census","level":3,"score":0.489300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4611999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779276850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q225467","display_name":"Compact city","level":3,"score":0.41600000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989523885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121359","display_name":"Urban infrastructure","level":3,"score":0.4124999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4122999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257917","display_name":"Public infrastructure","level":2,"score":0.397599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.38920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.38040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780057273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3427027","display_name":"Green infrastructure","level":2,"score":0.3765000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.34630000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166052673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83021","display_name":"Empirical evidence","level":2,"score":0.3328999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29852176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373338","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","level":2,"score":0.3262999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188981036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1502855","display_name":"Spatial data infrastructure","level":3,"score":0.3237999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.32120001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777063073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1553237","display_name":"Settlement (finance)","level":3,"score":0.31769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49545453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69883","display_name":"Urban planning","level":2,"score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C533584247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6532502","display_name":"Public housing","level":2,"score":0.3151000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994558172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107738887","display_name":"Census tract","level":4,"score":0.3140999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.313400000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148383697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1781695","display_name":"Regional science","level":1,"score":0.3091000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.30219998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.30079999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.2994999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.2856999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41856607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483130","display_name":"Geographic information system","level":2,"score":0.27079999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.25440001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779005484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7551384","display_name":"Social space","level":3,"score":0.25200000405311584}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aeaf69","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aeaf69","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aeaf69","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aeaf69/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S139338987","display_name":"Environmental Research Letters","issn_l":"1748-9326","issn":["1748-9326"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environmental Research Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.6515121","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6515121","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6515121","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2b1ce526db394110a37e0675d94d004e","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2b1ce526db394110a37e0675d94d004e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Environmental Research Letters, Vol 21, Iss 20, p 204006 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aeaf69","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aeaf69","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aeaf69","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aeaf69/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S139338987","display_name":"Environmental Research Letters","issn_l":"1748-9326","issn":["1748-9326"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environmental Research Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":1.0,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.46149998903274536,"display_name":"Climate action"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310631","display_name":"Cement Association of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/050yj7e58"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322015","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7215820980.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7215820980.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1851481800","https://openalex.org/W1967154308","https://openalex.org/W1977505401","https://openalex.org/W2045737401","https://openalex.org/W2168657077","https://openalex.org/W2291533663","https://openalex.org/W2307827192","https://openalex.org/W2580354433","https://openalex.org/W2610821345","https://openalex.org/W2760263497","https://openalex.org/W2778931222","https://openalex.org/W2902736232","https://openalex.org/W2994685403","https://openalex.org/W3004782031","https://openalex.org/W3117151555","https://openalex.org/W3157547930","https://openalex.org/W3197187039","https://openalex.org/W3199735118","https://openalex.org/W3206191051","https://openalex.org/W3212505812","https://openalex.org/W3214076426","https://openalex.org/W4224305849","https://openalex.org/W4248863881","https://openalex.org/W4283024401","https://openalex.org/W4283760481","https://openalex.org/W4289518733","https://openalex.org/W4293082176","https://openalex.org/W4293792642","https://openalex.org/W4295884872","https://openalex.org/W4297101613","https://openalex.org/W4298012711","https://openalex.org/W4311353843","https://openalex.org/W4322217269","https://openalex.org/W4366978122","https://openalex.org/W4381707963","https://openalex.org/W4382363608","https://openalex.org/W4388896439","https://openalex.org/W4399180743","https://openalex.org/W4399340294","https://openalex.org/W4399609570","https://openalex.org/W4399771156","https://openalex.org/W4400959595","https://openalex.org/W4402853856","https://openalex.org/W4402919058","https://openalex.org/W4403214364","https://openalex.org/W4403810597","https://openalex.org/W4408767678","https://openalex.org/W4408981650","https://openalex.org/W4411085880","https://openalex.org/W4413402717","https://openalex.org/W4415195198","https://openalex.org/W4416345250","https://openalex.org/W7123883542","https://openalex.org/W7166505157"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7154941157","https://openalex.org/W2580088011","https://openalex.org/W2990936837","https://openalex.org/W2955079150","https://openalex.org/W2082457619","https://openalex.org/W4409635130","https://openalex.org/W7133374303","https://openalex.org/W7166864634","https://openalex.org/W3150304597","https://openalex.org/W2056783422"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Cities":[1],"must":[2],"balance":[3],"the":[4,40,114,197],"housing":[5,230],"needs":[6],"of":[7,137],"growing":[8],"populations":[9],"with":[10,104,133,205],"planetary":[11],"boundaries.":[12],"Technological":[13],"improvements":[14],"alone":[15],"cannot":[16],"meet":[17],"climate":[18],"targets,":[19],"and":[20,36,61,96,119,141,191,217],"demand-side":[21,220],"strategies":[22],"that":[23,43,54],"reduce":[24,65],"private":[25,68],"dwelling":[26,78,120],"size":[27,79],"are":[28],"critical":[29],"for":[30,67,156],"achieving":[31],"absolute":[32],"reductions":[33],"in":[34,158,225],"material":[35],"energy":[37],"demand.":[38],"However,":[39],"socio-spatial":[41],"conditions":[42],"enable":[44,228],"compact":[45,206],"living":[46],"remain":[47],"poorly":[48],"understood.":[49],"Prior":[50],"theoretical":[51],"work":[52],"suggests":[53],"social":[55,75,117,129,203,212],"infrastructure,":[56],"including":[57],"caf\u00e9s,":[58],"parks,":[59],"libraries,":[60],"community":[62],"centres,":[63],"can":[64],"demand":[66],"residential":[69],"space,":[70],"but":[71],"empirical":[72],"evidence":[73,201],"linking":[74,202],"infrastructure":[76,118,130,204,213],"to":[77,112,128,227],"has":[80],"been":[81],"virtually":[82],"absent.":[83],"We":[84],"address":[85],"this":[86],"gap":[87],"through":[88],"a":[89,215],"large-scale,":[90],"neighbourhood-level":[91],"analysis":[92,185],"across":[93,177,188],"Vancouver,":[94],"Toronto,":[95],"Montr\u00e9al,":[97],"Canada.":[98],"Using":[99],"Google":[100],"Places":[101],"data":[102],"linked":[103],"census":[105],"indicators,":[106],"we":[107,161],"estimated":[108],"spatial":[109],"error":[110],"models":[111],"examine":[113],"association":[115],"between":[116],"size.":[121],"Across":[122],"all":[123],"three":[124],"cities,":[125],"greater":[126,223],"access":[127],"was":[131],"associated":[132],"smaller":[134],"dwellings,":[135],"independent":[136],"income,":[138],"household":[139],"size,":[140],"population":[142],"density":[143],"(":[144],"\u03b2":[145],"=":[146],"\u2212":[147],"0.210":[148],"Toronto;":[149],"\u22120.138":[150],"Vancouver;":[151],"\u22120.091":[152],"Montr\u00e9al).":[153],"To":[154],"account":[155],"differences":[157],"urban":[159,233],"form,":[160],"further":[162,184],"clustered":[163],"neighbourhoods":[164],"into":[165],"built-form":[166],"typologies,":[167],"enabling":[168],"comparisons":[169],"among":[170],"similar":[171],"neighbourhoods.":[172],"The":[173],"relationship":[174],"remained":[175],"significant":[176],"most":[178],"typologies":[179],"within":[180],"each":[181],"city.":[182],"While":[183],"is":[186],"needed":[187],"additional":[189],"countries":[190],"settlement":[192],"types,":[193],"these":[194,209],"findings":[195,210],"provide":[196],"first":[198],"cross-metropolitan":[199],"quantitative":[200],"living.":[207],"Together,":[208],"identify":[211],"as":[214],"promising":[216],"previously":[218],"overlooked":[219],"strategy":[221],"deserving":[222],"attention":[224],"efforts":[226],"resource-efficient":[229],"while":[231],"maintaining":[232],"liveability.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-10-03T00:00:00"}
