{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7215111978","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton71309.2026.11705013","title":"Efficient Compensation Methods for SOP Drift in Hybrid Fiber-FSO Link-Based QKD Systems","display_name":"Efficient Compensation Methods for SOP Drift in Hybrid Fiber-FSO Link-Based QKD Systems","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7215111978","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton71309.2026.11705013"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icton71309.2026.11705013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton71309.2026.11705013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton71309.2026.11705013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306419890","display_name":"International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 26th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton71309.2026.11705013","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020075457","display_name":"Nelson Jesus Muga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4412-8025","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4412-8025"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nelson J. Muga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022431842","display_name":"Sara T. Mantey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1968-1360","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1968-1360"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sara Mantey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5154170728","display_name":"Hugo Costa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hugo Costa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153723565","display_name":"Nuno A. Silva","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuno A. Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076838839","display_name":"Armando N. Pinto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2101-5896","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2101-5896"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Armando N. Pinto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78578779,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.8622999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.8622999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.07010000199079514,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.041099999099969864,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-key-distribution","display_name":"quantum key distribution","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drift-correction","display_name":"drift correction","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fiber-links","display_name":"optical fiber links","score":0.4090000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-space-optical-links","display_name":"free-space optical links","score":0.8149999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.557200014591217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4993000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780023022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338171","display_name":"Compensation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4629000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.32989999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.3124000132083893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.3102000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.303600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.27570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.27559998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.2651999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2558000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.2554999887943268}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icton71309.2026.11705013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton71309.2026.11705013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton71309.2026.11705013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306419890","display_name":"International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 26th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icton71309.2026.11705013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton71309.2026.11705013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icton71309.2026.11705013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306419890","display_name":"International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 26th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1513904472","https://openalex.org/W1987859871","https://openalex.org/W2114448201","https://openalex.org/W2120755151","https://openalex.org/W2124756933","https://openalex.org/W2487895221","https://openalex.org/W2587173351","https://openalex.org/W2948602808","https://openalex.org/W2975430658","https://openalex.org/W3001324948","https://openalex.org/W3004357554","https://openalex.org/W3035062224","https://openalex.org/W3045856815","https://openalex.org/W3118428022","https://openalex.org/W4200476566","https://openalex.org/W4210630664","https://openalex.org/W4393090035","https://openalex.org/W4401199200","https://openalex.org/W4403598792","https://openalex.org/W4407134813","https://openalex.org/W4409363478","https://openalex.org/W4417267803","https://openalex.org/W7134131876"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7107994890","https://openalex.org/W4415599195","https://openalex.org/W7204104978","https://openalex.org/W2330898496","https://openalex.org/W3150840764","https://openalex.org/W7136648302","https://openalex.org/W2019577184","https://openalex.org/W4401585785","https://openalex.org/W4256481844","https://openalex.org/W4410993020"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Quantum":[0],"key":[1,18],"distribution":[2],"(QKD)":[3],"uses":[4],"fundamental":[5],"principles":[6],"of":[7,59,90,93,133,152],"quantum":[8,155],"mechanics":[9],"to":[10,41,82],"enable":[11],"information-theoretic":[12],"secure":[13,22],"communication,":[14],"emerging":[15],"as":[16],"a":[17,49],"element":[19],"for":[20],"future-proof":[21],"communication":[23],"infrastructures.":[24],"This":[25,113],"contrasts":[26],"with":[27,130],"classical":[28],"cryptographic":[29],"systems,":[30,126],"whose":[31],"security":[32],"relies":[33],"on":[34,119],"computational":[35],"assumptions":[36],"and":[37,45,67,78,84,109,140,162,167],"is":[38],"therefore":[39],"vulnerable":[40],"advances":[42],"in":[43,87,123,149],"algorithms":[44,148],"computing":[46],"power.":[47],"From":[48],"practical":[50],"perspective,":[51],"QKD":[52,125],"systems":[53],"greatly":[54],"benefit":[55],"from":[56],"the":[57,88,94,131,150],"use":[58],"already":[60],"deployed":[61],"fiber-optic":[62,154],"networks,":[63],"which":[64],"facilitate":[65],"scalable":[66],"cost-effective":[68],"implementation.":[69],"However,":[70],"optical":[71,159],"fibers":[72],"are":[73],"inherently":[74],"affected":[75],"by":[76],"intrinsic":[77],"extrinsic":[79],"birefringence,":[80],"leading":[81],"random":[83],"timevarying":[85],"changes":[86],"state":[89],"polarization":[91,98],"(SOP)":[92],"transmitted":[95],"qubits.":[96],"These":[97],"fluctuations":[99],"can":[100],"severely":[101],"degrade":[102],"system":[103],"performance,":[104],"making":[105],"effective":[106],"SOP":[107,120],"tracking":[108],"compensation":[110,122],"techniques":[111],"essential.":[112],"paper":[114],"presents":[115],"our":[116],"recent":[117],"investigations":[118],"drift":[121],"fiber-link-based":[124],"comparing":[127],"different":[128],"approaches":[129],"aim":[132],"identifying":[134],"solutions":[135],"that":[136],"combine":[137],"simplicity,":[138],"robustness,":[139],"high":[141],"efficiency.":[142],"Additionally,":[143],"we":[144],"discuss":[145],"applying":[146],"these":[147],"context":[151],"beyond":[153],"channels,":[156],"specifically":[157],"free-space":[158,168],"(FSO)":[160],"links":[161,164],"hybrid":[163],"combining":[165],"fiber":[166],"segments.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2026-10-02T00:00:00"}