{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7215083235","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aea6a9","title":"Coupled Shock Cooling and Radioactive Heating in SN 2024aecx: An Extended Envelope and Rapid Optical Decline","display_name":"Coupled Shock Cooling and Radioactive Heating in SN 2024aecx: An Extended Envelope and Rapid Optical Decline","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7215083235","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aea6a9"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aea6a9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aea6a9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aea6a9","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/aea6a9/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1980519","display_name":"The Astrophysical Journal","issn_l":"0004-637X","issn":["0004-637X","1538-4357"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Astrophysical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/aea6a9/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093882277","display_name":"Na Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3261-6418","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3261-6418"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40963666","display_name":"Central China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x1jna21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Na Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central China Normal University","Education Research and Application Cente"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3261-6418","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central China Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Education Research and Application Cente","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059505478","display_name":"Yu-Hao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2423-6825","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2423-6825"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40963666","display_name":"Central China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x1jna21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Hao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central China Normal University","Education Research and Application Cente"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2423-6825","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central China Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Education Research and Application Cente","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058285440","display_name":"Liang-Duan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8708-0597","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8708-0597"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40963666","display_name":"Central China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x1jna21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang-Duan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central China Normal University","Education Research and Application Cente"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8708-0597","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central China Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Education Research and Application Cente","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119681142","display_name":"Guang-Lei Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8744-3813","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8744-3813"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40963666","display_name":"Central China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x1jna21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guang-Lei Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central China Normal University","Education Research and Application Cente"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8744-3813","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central China Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Education Research and Application Cente","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127999139","display_name":"Jing-Yao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9719-272X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9719-272X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40963666","display_name":"Central China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x1jna21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing-Yao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central China Normal University","Education Research and Application Cente"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9719-272X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central China Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Education Research and Application Cente","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108055537","display_name":"Yun-Wei Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1067-1911","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1067-1911"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40963666","display_name":"Central China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x1jna21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun-Wei Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central China Normal University","Education Research and Application Cente"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1067-1911","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central China Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Education Research and Application Cente","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054736014","display_name":"Ning-Chen Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4731-9698","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4731-9698"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning-Chen Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Normal University","Chinese Academy of Sciences","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4731-9698","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4499,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4499},"apc_paid":{"value":4499,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4499},"fwci":0.8211,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82314101,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"1010","issue":"1","first_page":"5","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11323","display_name":"Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11323","display_name":"Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10039","display_name":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10818","display_name":"Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shock-cooling","display_name":"shock cooling","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiogenic-heat-production","display_name":"radiogenic heat production","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiative-diffusion","display_name":"radiation diffusion","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ejecta-mass","display_name":"ejecta mass","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nickel-mass","display_name":"nickel mass","score":0.953000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92150305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321876","display_name":"Ejecta","level":3,"score":0.9754999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.8806999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127592171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3937","display_name":"Supernova","level":2,"score":0.7556999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20381300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11448","display_name":"Radioactive decay","level":2,"score":0.6883000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.5246000289916992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178635117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747499","display_name":"RADIUS","level":2,"score":0.5169000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65155139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380912","display_name":"Envelope (radar)","level":3,"score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74902906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190858","display_name":"Radiative transfer","level":2,"score":0.45739999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69357855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163214","display_name":"Diffusion","level":2,"score":0.44440001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15908118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2997395","display_name":"Radiative cooling","level":2,"score":0.41519999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781300812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178061","display_name":"Shock (circulatory)","level":2,"score":0.41100001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154238967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12870","display_name":"Explosive material","level":2,"score":0.4011000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119601563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2315892","display_name":"Downwelling","level":3,"score":0.35350000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130726490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q675076","display_name":"Light curve","level":2,"score":0.3197999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153385146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18335","display_name":"Radiation","level":2,"score":0.3140999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4397270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471702","display_name":"Nucleosynthesis","level":3,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196939603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41872","display_name":"Interstellar medium","level":3,"score":0.2775999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109663097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182453","display_name":"Adiabatic process","level":2,"score":0.266400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778339168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207436","display_name":"Supernova remnant","level":3,"score":0.2662000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2265751","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332007","display_name":"Electromagnetic shielding","level":2,"score":0.2599000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184779094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383","display_name":"Atomic physics","level":1,"score":0.2540999948978424}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aea6a9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aea6a9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aea6a9","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/aea6a9/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1980519","display_name":"The Astrophysical Journal","issn_l":"0004-637X","issn":["0004-637X","1538-4357"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Astrophysical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2607.12700","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.12700","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2607.12700","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fe9512a6287d4a798fe321cf8d00e3f9","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fe9512a6287d4a798fe321cf8d00e3f9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Astrophysical Journal, Vol 1010, Iss 1, p 5 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2607.12700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2607.12700","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2607.12700","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aea6a9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aea6a9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aea6a9","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/aea6a9/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1980519","display_name":"The Astrophysical Journal","issn_l":"0004-637X","issn":["0004-637X","1538-4357"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Astrophysical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1746860379","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12303047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2563251801","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12393811","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3059499108","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFA0718500","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4167671138","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023AFB321","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322186","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6916909652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CMS-CSST-2021-A12","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322186","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7215083235.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7215083235.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506246447","https://openalex.org/W1529778571","https://openalex.org/W1842074407","https://openalex.org/W1967666049","https://openalex.org/W1974215949","https://openalex.org/W1989525416","https://openalex.org/W1998316194","https://openalex.org/W2001626873","https://openalex.org/W2011528146","https://openalex.org/W2052340027","https://openalex.org/W2056372914","https://openalex.org/W2063397409","https://openalex.org/W2067898484","https://openalex.org/W2072906889","https://openalex.org/W2079839973","https://openalex.org/W2094963219","https://openalex.org/W2096361535","https://openalex.org/W2107565187","https://openalex.org/W2127392678","https://openalex.org/W2155903117","https://openalex.org/W2167635287","https://openalex.org/W2484980496","https://openalex.org/W2581406803","https://openalex.org/W2782917333","https://openalex.org/W2963716729","https://openalex.org/W3042594740","https://openalex.org/W3084866762","https://openalex.org/W3100449227","https://openalex.org/W4293024881","https://openalex.org/W4411491848","https://openalex.org/W4414736241","https://openalex.org/W7123911057","https://openalex.org/W7127639796","https://openalex.org/W7163024840"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7168392342","https://openalex.org/W7123911057","https://openalex.org/W7127639796","https://openalex.org/W4390273076","https://openalex.org/W7163024840","https://openalex.org/W4294796894","https://openalex.org/W4400177151","https://openalex.org/W4399759401","https://openalex.org/W1968924583","https://openalex.org/W2144171378"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"SN":[1,235],"2024aecx":[2],"is":[3,185],"a":[4,11,43,67,138,155,176,196],"nearby,":[5],"rapidly":[6],"evolving":[7],"stripped-envelope":[8],"supernova":[9],"with":[10,22,187,199],"prominent":[12],"double-peaked":[13],"ultraviolet\u2013optical":[14,224],"light":[15,82],"curve.":[16,83],"We":[17,103,209],"model":[18,85,198],"its":[19,240],"multiband":[20,101],"evolution":[21,190],"an":[23,105,122,212],"extended":[24,69,178],"version":[25],"of":[26,109,125,141,160,191,222,234],"TransFit":[27],",":[28,121,137,153],"in":[29],"which":[30],"the":[31,36,51,56,74,80,87,91,94,99,181,188,192,218,223,229,247],"early":[32,57,81],"shock-cooling":[33,58,230],"emission":[34],"and":[35,72,98,154],"subsequent":[37],"radioactive":[38,95],"heating":[39],"are":[40],"treated":[41],"within":[42],"single":[44],"time-dependent":[45],"radiative":[46],"diffusion":[47],"calculation.":[48],"To":[49],"describe":[50],"stratified":[52],"ejecta":[53,64,123,183],"required":[54],"by":[55],"emission,":[59],"we":[60],"adopt":[61],"compact":[62],"inner":[63],"connected":[65],"to":[66,93,216],"dilute":[68],"outer":[70,75,107,157,173],"envelope":[71],"fit":[73],"density":[76,158],"slope":[77,159],"directly":[78],"from":[79],"The":[84,171],"reproduces":[86],"short-lived":[88],"first":[89],"peak,":[90,97],"rise":[92],"main":[96,193],"overall":[100],"evolution.":[102],"infer":[104],"effective":[106,213],"radius":[108],"R":[110,119],"0":[111],"=":[112,128,144,163],"264.1":[113],"4":[114],"\u2212":[115,131,147,166],"87.50":[116],"+":[117,133,149,168],"139.86":[118],"\u2299":[120,136,152],"mass":[124,140,184],"M":[126,135,142,151],"ej":[127],"3.0":[129],"1":[130],"0.47":[132],"0.74":[134],"nickel":[139],"Ni":[143],"0.1":[145],"6":[146],"0.01":[148],"0.02":[150],"steep":[156,172],"n":[161],"out":[162],"14.6":[164],"8":[165],"0.51":[167],"0.24":[169],".":[170],"profile":[174],"favors":[175],"low-mass":[177],"envelope,":[179],"while":[180],"inferred":[182],"consistent":[186],"rapid":[189,241],"peak.":[194],"However,":[195],"control":[197],"standard":[200],"\u03b3":[201],"-ray":[202],"leakage":[203],"fades":[204],"too":[205],"slowly":[206],"after":[207],"maximum.":[208],"therefore":[210],"introduce":[211],"optical-output":[214],"factor":[215],"quantify":[217],"additional":[219],"late-time":[220],"suppression":[221],"luminosity.":[225],"These":[226],"results":[227],"support":[228],"plus":[231],"radioactive-heating":[232],"interpretation":[233],"2024aecx,":[236],"but":[237],"show":[238],"that":[239],"optical":[242],"decline":[243],"requires":[244],"physics":[245],"beyond":[246],"simplest":[248],"radioactive-diffusion":[249],"prescription.":[250]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-10-02T00:00:00"}
