{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214988198","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2026036","title":"Coupled effects of treated wastewater and sewage sludge biochar on performance and resource efficiency of low-carbon cement mortar","display_name":"Coupled effects of treated wastewater and sewage sludge biochar on performance and resource efficiency of low-carbon cement mortar","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214988198","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2026036"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3934/geosci.2026036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2026036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2026036","pdf_url":"http://www.aimspress.com/aimspress-data/aimsgeo/2026/4/PDF/geosci-12-04-036.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235885","display_name":"AIMS Geosciences","issn_l":"2471-2132","issn":["2471-2132"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315842","host_organization_name":"AIMS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315842"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["AIMS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AIMS Geosciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://www.aimspress.com/aimspress-data/aimsgeo/2026/4/PDF/geosci-12-04-036.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092569925","display_name":"Nosheen Blouch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2471-2021","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2471-2021"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127670440","display_name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x817c41","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nosheen Blouch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Building and Architectural Engineering , Faculty of Engineering and Technology , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Building and Architectural Engineering , Faculty of Engineering and Technology , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024036292","display_name":"Muhammad Farhan Hanif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2309-822X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2309-822X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127670440","display_name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x817c41","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Farhan Hanif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Energy & Resource Engineering , College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China","Department of Mechanical Engineering , Faculty of Engineering and Technology , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan- 60000 , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Energy & Resource Engineering , College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering , Faculty of Engineering and Technology , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan- 60000 , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153609341","display_name":"Muhammad Fateh Haider","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127670440","display_name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x817c41","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Fateh Haider","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Building and Architectural Engineering , Faculty of Engineering and Technology , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Building and Architectural Engineering , Faculty of Engineering and Technology , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103959271","display_name":"Shazia Noor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8920-7119","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8920-7119"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127670440","display_name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x817c41","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shazia Noor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering , Faculty of Engineering and Technology , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan- 60000 , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering , Faculty of Engineering and Technology , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan- 60000 , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153637444","display_name":"Maaz Ansari","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127670440","display_name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x817c41","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maaz Ansari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Building and Architectural Engineering , Faculty of Engineering and Technology , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Building and Architectural Engineering , Faculty of Engineering and Technology , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084657674","display_name":"Areeba Amjad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127670440","display_name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x817c41","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Areeba Amjad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Building and Architectural Engineering , Faculty of Engineering and Technology , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Building and Architectural Engineering , Faculty of Engineering and Technology , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153685136","display_name":"Muhammad Shahid Nawaz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127670440","display_name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x817c41","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Shahid Nawaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Building and Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan","Department of Energy & Resource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China","Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60000, Pakistan","Local Government & Community Development, Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Building and Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Energy & Resource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Local Government & Community Development, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153683486","display_name":"Local Government & Community Development, Lahore, Pakistan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Local Government & Community Development, Lahore, Pakistan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":300},"apc_paid":{"value":300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":300},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76985726,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"4","first_page":"947","last_page":"971"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10033","display_name":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","score":0.9442999958992004,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10033","display_name":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","score":0.9442999958992004,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13140","display_name":"Materials Engineering and Processing","score":0.01979999989271164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11672","display_name":"Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production","score":0.01860000006854534,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sewage-sludge-biochar","display_name":"sewage sludge biochar","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treated-wastewater","display_name":"treated wastewater","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cement-replacement","display_name":"cement replacement","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waste-derived-binders","display_name":"waste-derived binders","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressive-strength","display_name":"compressive strength","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexural-strength","display_name":"flexural strength","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasonic-pulse-velocity","display_name":"ultrasonic pulse velocity","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-uptake","display_name":"water absorption","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workability","display_name":"workability","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pore-structure","display_name":"pore structure","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-efficiency","display_name":"resource efficiency","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-construction-materials","display_name":"sustainable construction materials","score":0.5860000252723694}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56085101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905495","display_name":"Biochar","level":3,"score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94061648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336191","display_name":"Wastewater","level":2,"score":0.6958000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130767629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7905205","display_name":"Mortar","level":2,"score":0.6818000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30407753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186191","display_name":"Compressive strength","level":2,"score":0.5727999806404114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780021121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844123","display_name":"Portland cement","level":3,"score":0.522599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5008000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523993062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45190","display_name":"Cement","level":2,"score":0.4650999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168314062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2550696","display_name":"Absorption of water","level":2,"score":0.4580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.45739999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.4390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57442070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221275","display_name":"Sewage treatment","level":2,"score":0.421099990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776491529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152234","display_name":"Water retention","level":3,"score":0.40299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780859252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11888968","display_name":"Sewage sludge","level":3,"score":0.3968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.36719998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138777275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6884054","display_name":"Mixing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3407000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178405089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857201","display_name":"Flexural strength","level":2,"score":0.31119999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2904999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58790150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10966166","display_name":"Sewage","level":2,"score":0.28450000286102295}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3934/geosci.2026036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2026036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2026036","pdf_url":"http://www.aimspress.com/aimspress-data/aimsgeo/2026/4/PDF/geosci-12-04-036.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235885","display_name":"AIMS Geosciences","issn_l":"2471-2132","issn":["2471-2132"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315842","host_organization_name":"AIMS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315842"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["AIMS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AIMS Geosciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3934/geosci.2026036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2026036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2026036","pdf_url":"http://www.aimspress.com/aimspress-data/aimsgeo/2026/4/PDF/geosci-12-04-036.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235885","display_name":"AIMS Geosciences","issn_l":"2471-2132","issn":["2471-2132"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315842","host_organization_name":"AIMS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315842"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["AIMS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AIMS Geosciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12"},{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.6618000268936157,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"},{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4943999946117401,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"},{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310020","display_name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x817c41"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214988198.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214988198.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992704119","https://openalex.org/W2086443399","https://openalex.org/W2300733217","https://openalex.org/W2611963455","https://openalex.org/W2928164876","https://openalex.org/W2932781233","https://openalex.org/W2964675506","https://openalex.org/W2987194267","https://openalex.org/W3080219118","https://openalex.org/W3089319345","https://openalex.org/W3162355958","https://openalex.org/W4205813586","https://openalex.org/W4286253160","https://openalex.org/W4361027159","https://openalex.org/W4382181088","https://openalex.org/W4387116932","https://openalex.org/W4388066425","https://openalex.org/W4388398929","https://openalex.org/W4390581550","https://openalex.org/W4391748436","https://openalex.org/W4392544263","https://openalex.org/W4395955017","https://openalex.org/W4401158496","https://openalex.org/W4401337384","https://openalex.org/W4405257333","https://openalex.org/W4406272482","https://openalex.org/W4406657064","https://openalex.org/W4406732449","https://openalex.org/W4408031631","https://openalex.org/W4408412443","https://openalex.org/W4412192025","https://openalex.org/W4412695255","https://openalex.org/W4413327141","https://openalex.org/W4413806880","https://openalex.org/W4414517746","https://openalex.org/W4415091969","https://openalex.org/W4416356688","https://openalex.org/W7123612312","https://openalex.org/W7124724473","https://openalex.org/W7129098341","https://openalex.org/W7130644292","https://openalex.org/W7134139215","https://openalex.org/W7135046554","https://openalex.org/W7135152366","https://openalex.org/W7137374892","https://openalex.org/W7152487911"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"work":[1],"studied":[2],"the":[3,47,50,97,113,122,126,150,155,164,168,180,192],"properties":[4],"of":[5,17,25,49,118,129,204],"low-carbon":[6],"cement":[7,20],"mortars":[8,207],"with":[9,64,91],"biochar":[10,68,162,193],"from":[11,143],"sewage":[12],"sludge":[13],"replacing":[14],"5\u201315":[15],"wt%":[16],"ordinary":[18],"Portland":[19],"and":[21,33,40,57,61,83,100,132,146,211],"treated":[22,92],"wastewater":[23,181],"instead":[24],"drinking":[26],"water":[27,41,130],"for":[28],"mixing.":[29],"The":[30,198],"flowability,":[31],"compressive":[32],"flexural":[34],"strength,":[35],"ultrasonic":[36],"pulse":[37],"velocity":[38],"(UPV),":[39],"absorption":[42],"were":[43],"measured":[44],"to":[45,76,177],"evaluate":[46],"effect":[48],"two":[51],"waste-derived":[52],"components":[53],"on":[54],"fresh,":[55],"mechanical,":[56],"transport":[58],"properties.":[59],"Workability":[60],"strength":[62,99],"decreased":[63],"an":[65,84,187],"increase":[66,85],"in":[67,79,86],"dosage,":[69],"particularly":[70],"at":[71,102],"15%":[72,123],"replacement,":[73],"mainly":[74],"due":[75],"a":[77,106,201],"reduction":[78],"reactive":[80],"binder":[81],"availability":[82],"pore":[87,133],"volume.":[88],"Mortar":[89],"mixed":[90],"wastewater,":[93],"by":[94],"comparison,":[95],"approached":[96],"control":[98],"UPV":[101],"later":[103],"ages":[104],"despite":[105],"small":[107],"early-age":[108],"reduction.":[109],"At":[110],"5%\u201310%":[111],"biochar,":[112],"combined":[114],"mixtures":[115,151],"retained":[116],"more":[117],"their":[119],"performance":[120,209],"than":[121],"mixture,":[124],"reflecting":[125],"competing":[127],"effects":[128],"retention":[131,210],"development.":[134],"A":[135],"Performance-Sustainability":[136],"Coupled":[137],"Index":[138],"(PSCI)":[139],"was":[140],"therefore":[141],"formulated":[142],"normalized":[144],"engineering":[145],"resource-efficiency":[147],"terms.":[148],"Within":[149],"tested,":[152],"OPC-SW":[153],"had":[154],"most":[156],"favorable":[157],"overall":[158],"PSCI,":[159],"whereas":[160],"5%":[161],"produced":[163],"best":[165],"balance":[166,172],"among":[167],"biochar-containing":[169],"mortars;":[170],"this":[171],"deteriorated":[173],"as":[174,186],"replacement":[175],"increased":[176],"10%\u201315%.":[178],"Thus,":[179],"investigated":[182],"here":[183],"can":[184],"serve":[185],"alternative":[188],"mixing":[189],"source,":[190],"but":[191],"dosage":[194],"must":[195,214],"be":[196,215],"controlled.":[197],"PSCI":[199],"offers":[200],"comparative":[202],"means":[203],"screening":[205],"waste-integrated":[206],"when":[208],"resource":[212],"savings":[213],"considered":[216],"together.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-03T13:16:28.481748","created_date":"2026-10-01T00:00:00"}