{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214963373","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10902073/v1","title":"Reaction Pathway Engineering for Nitrate Production in Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma via an Alternative Organic Nitrogen Source","display_name":"Reaction Pathway Engineering for Nitrate Production in Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma via an Alternative Organic Nitrogen Source","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214963373","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10902073/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10902073/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10902073/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10902073/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10902073/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10902073/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153612549","display_name":"Yuan-Tai Lai","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan-Tai Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing-Hua University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing-Hua University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123305072","display_name":"Pin-Hao Huang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pin-Hao Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing-Hua University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing-Hua University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102270996","display_name":"Hori Masaru","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hori Masaru","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nagoya University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nagoya University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153577676","display_name":"Jenq-Gong Duh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jenq-Gong Duh","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing-Hua University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing-Hua University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5153577676"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10642","display_name":"Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10642","display_name":"Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12007","display_name":"Plasma and Flow Control in Aerodynamics","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10210","display_name":"Advanced oxidation water treatment","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-activated-water","display_name":"plasma-activated water","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrate-formation","display_name":"nitrate formation","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-pressure-plasma","display_name":"atmospheric pressure plasma","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spent-coffee-grounds","display_name":"spent coffee grounds","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-nitrogen-sources","display_name":"organic nitrogen sources","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reactive-oxygen-species","display_name":"reactive oxygen species","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reactive-nitrogen-species","display_name":"reactive nitrogen species","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-power","display_name":"plasma power","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-emission-spectroscopy","display_name":"optical emission spectroscopy","score":0.6800000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776384668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182168","display_name":"Nitrate","level":2,"score":0.8460999727249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.7588000297546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537208039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627","display_name":"Nitrogen","level":2,"score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82706917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10251","display_name":"Plasma","level":2,"score":0.525600016117096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.5184999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116119225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7300316","display_name":"Reactive nitrogen","level":3,"score":0.5},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C540031477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629","display_name":"Oxygen","level":2,"score":0.44449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.40149998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179104552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11165","display_name":"Inorganic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.30570000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779525624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q225595","display_name":"Reactive nitrogen species","level":3,"score":0.2976999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48349386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424361","display_name":"Reactive oxygen species","level":2,"score":0.2906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135473242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4147614","display_name":"Oxygen evolution","level":4,"score":0.257099986076355}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10902073/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10902073/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10902073/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10902073/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10902073/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10902073/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10902073/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10902073/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.807699978351593,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12"},{"score":0.6618000268936157,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","display_name":"National Science and Technology Council","ror":"https://ror.org/00wnb9798"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214963373.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214963373.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1739130722","https://openalex.org/W1909813781","https://openalex.org/W1976275512","https://openalex.org/W2023353165","https://openalex.org/W2025849812","https://openalex.org/W2027838421","https://openalex.org/W2082008218","https://openalex.org/W2090329312","https://openalex.org/W2289263585","https://openalex.org/W2411099038","https://openalex.org/W2692540354","https://openalex.org/W2768627086","https://openalex.org/W2799633917","https://openalex.org/W2883379294","https://openalex.org/W2900984461","https://openalex.org/W2914804869","https://openalex.org/W2989195741","https://openalex.org/W3031402809","https://openalex.org/W3150551333","https://openalex.org/W3152973029","https://openalex.org/W3182266435","https://openalex.org/W4313886952","https://openalex.org/W4384785483","https://openalex.org/W4390582215","https://openalex.org/W4406225254","https://openalex.org/W7147390652"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4384785483","https://openalex.org/W4402673326","https://openalex.org/W3008175761","https://openalex.org/W4391167421","https://openalex.org/W4213132525","https://openalex.org/W7169656351","https://openalex.org/W4362705492","https://openalex.org/W3134578875","https://openalex.org/W2973547938","https://openalex.org/W7147390652"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Plasma-activated":[1],"water":[2,62],"(PAW)":[3],"has":[4],"attracted":[5],"attention":[6],"for":[7,196,206],"agricultural":[8],"applications":[9],"because":[10],"plasma":[11,27,66,86,97,124,188,198],"treatment":[12],"can":[13,167],"generate":[14],"reactive":[15,144,153,179],"oxygen":[16,145,180],"and":[17,21,71,77,88,132,176,209],"nitrogen":[18,154,174],"species":[19,146,155],"(RONS)":[20],"promote":[22],"nitrate":[23,31,40,100,119,165],"formation.":[24],"However,":[25],"increasing":[26,96],"power":[28,87,98],"to":[29,81],"enhance":[30],"production":[32,70,101,120,166],"also":[33],"increases":[34],"energy":[35,199],"consumption,":[36],"while":[37,201],"the":[38,72,83,89,92,104,111,122,158,194,207],"resulting":[39],"increase":[41,105],"may":[42,192],"remain":[43],"limited.":[44,108],"In":[45,109],"this":[46],"study,":[47],"plasma-activated":[48],"coffee":[49,58,115],"ground":[50],"solutions":[51],"(PAC)":[52],"were":[53,79,138],"prepared":[54],"by":[55,170],"introducing":[56,171],"spent":[57,114],"grounds":[59,116],"into":[60],"deionized":[61],"treated":[63],"at":[64],"different":[65],"input":[67,200],"powers.":[68],"Nitrate":[69],"physicochemical":[73],"properties":[74],"of":[75,85,91,113,211],"PAW":[76],"PAC":[78],"compared":[80],"evaluate":[82],"effects":[84],"presence":[90],"organic":[93,173,213],"species.":[94],"Although":[95],"enhanced":[99,118,169],"in":[102],"PAW,":[103],"was":[106],"relatively":[107],"contrast,":[110],"addition":[112],"substantially":[117],"under":[121,157],"same":[123],"conditions.":[125,160],"Optical":[126],"emission":[127],"spectroscopy":[128],"indicated":[129],"prominent":[130],"oxygen-":[131],"hydroxyl-related":[133],"emissions,":[134],"whereas":[135],"nitrogen-related":[136],"emissions":[137],"comparatively":[139],"less":[140],"pronounced,":[141],"suggesting":[142],"that":[143,164],"(ROS)":[147],"are":[148],"more":[149],"readily":[150],"generated":[151],"than":[152,183],"(RNS)":[156],"present":[159],"These":[161],"results":[162],"suggest":[163],"be":[168],"an":[172],"source":[175],"utilizing":[177],"plasma-generated":[178],"species,":[181],"rather":[182],"relying":[184],"solely":[185],"on":[186],"increased":[187],"power.":[189],"This":[190],"approach":[191],"reduce":[193],"need":[195],"additional":[197],"providing":[202],"a":[203],"potential":[204],"route":[205],"valorization":[208],"recycling":[210],"nitrogen-containing":[212],"waste.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-10-01T00:00:00"}
