{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214950222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.37854","title":"Combined photoluminescence and electrical characterization of valley photovoltaic devices explained with an equivalent circuit","display_name":"Combined photoluminescence and electrical characterization of valley photovoltaic devices explained with an equivalent circuit","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214950222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.37854"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.37854","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.37854","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.37854","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.37854","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021493252","display_name":"Daixi Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3234-2614","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3234-2614"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153718931","display_name":"University of Ottawa","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xia, Daixi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060638439","display_name":"Abhinav S. Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2707-0303","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2707-0303"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sharma, Abhinav S.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems , Nanoinstitut , Fakult\u00e4t f\u00fcr Physik , Ludwig-Maximilians- Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen , Munich , Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems , Nanoinstitut , Fakult\u00e4t f\u00fcr Physik , Ludwig-Maximilians- Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen , Munich , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073907100","display_name":"Andreas Pusch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6115-9117","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6115-9117"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pusch, Andreas","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering , University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales , Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering , University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales , Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065888204","display_name":"Murad J. Y. Tayebjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5639-027X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5639-027X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tayebjee, Murad J. Y.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153659523","display_name":"Michael P. Nielsen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nielsen, Michael P.","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering , University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales , Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering , University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales , Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153650406","display_name":"Fiacre E. Rougieux","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9879-1554","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9879-1554"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rougieux, Fiacre E.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087270036","display_name":"Kyle R. Dorman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9589-7954","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9589-7954"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8692664","display_name":"University of Oklahoma","ror":"https://ror.org/02aqsxs83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dorman, Kyle R.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics & Astronomy , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics & Astronomy , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153627010","display_name":"Tetsuya D. Mishima","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8692664","display_name":"University of Oklahoma","ror":"https://ror.org/02aqsxs83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mishima, Tetsuya D.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics & Astronomy , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics & Astronomy , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044004736","display_name":"Michael B. Santos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3810-7703","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3810-7703"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8692664","display_name":"University of Oklahoma","ror":"https://ror.org/02aqsxs83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Santos, Michael B.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics & Astronomy , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics & Astronomy , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032811669","display_name":"Ian Roberts Sellers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2782-0044","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2782-0044"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63190737","display_name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01y64my43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sellers, Ian R.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering , University at Buffalo , Buffalo , New York , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering , University at Buffalo , Buffalo , New York , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63190737"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079063585","display_name":"Nicholas John Ekins\u2010Daukes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1875-9739","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1875-9739"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ekins-Daukes, Nicholas J.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032568868","display_name":"Jacob J. Krich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4514-0720","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4514-0720"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153718931","display_name":"University of Ottawa","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401200246","display_name":"Nexus for Quantum Technologies Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02gsv2389","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153718931","https://openalex.org/I4401200246"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krich, Jacob J.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada","Nexus for Quantum Technologies , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nexus for Quantum Technologies , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931","https://openalex.org/I4401200246"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10275","display_name":"2D Materials and Applications","score":0.6660000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10275","display_name":"2D Materials and Applications","score":0.6660000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12309","display_name":"solar cell performance optimization","score":0.1266999989748001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10022","display_name":"Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices","score":0.04430000111460686,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hot-carrier-solar-cells","display_name":"hot carrier solar cells","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intervalley-scattering","display_name":"intervalley scattering","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoluminescence","display_name":"photoluminescence","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equivalent-circuit-model","display_name":"equivalent circuit model","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/s-shaped-current-voltage-characteristics","display_name":"S-shaped current-voltage characteristics","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electron-extraction","display_name":"electron extraction","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-valleys","display_name":"satellite valleys","score":0.492000013589859}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85080765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614893","display_name":"Photoluminescence","level":2,"score":0.7486000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.7182000279426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78434282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11656","display_name":"Diode","level":2,"score":0.6288999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6258999705314636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542589376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192127","display_name":"Photovoltaics","level":3,"score":0.5982999801635742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147120987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225","display_name":"Electron","level":2,"score":0.5511999726295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23572009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q964981","display_name":"Equivalent circuit","level":3,"score":0.5123999714851379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.5031999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89464430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849516","display_name":"Metastability","level":2,"score":0.4641000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79794668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1616270","display_name":"Heterojunction","level":2,"score":0.4162999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.4131999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.38749998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C510052550","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422819","display_name":"Gallium arsenide","level":2,"score":0.3172999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780824857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58803","display_name":"Solar cell","level":2,"score":0.3138999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68583231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206907","display_name":"Short circuit","level":3,"score":0.28349998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178924924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798542","display_name":"Backward diode","level":4,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57631264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1812203","display_name":"Open-circuit voltage","level":3,"score":0.2565999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67377204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2075856","display_name":"Photovoltaic effect","level":3,"score":0.2506999969482422}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.37854","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.37854","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.37854","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2609.37854","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.37854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.37854","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.37854","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.37854","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.37854","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5690000057220459}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G46821386","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"06559","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6552507291","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"497981","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G832689143","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGPIN-2019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320965","display_name":"University of New South Wales","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214950222.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214950222.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7221029352"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4404411508","https://openalex.org/W6910807730","https://openalex.org/W2986196953","https://openalex.org/W2079351433","https://openalex.org/W2091574912","https://openalex.org/W1995047321","https://openalex.org/W2911497272","https://openalex.org/W4323821532","https://openalex.org/W4392578024","https://openalex.org/W2053062553"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,56,80,117],"present":[1,81],"an":[2,82],"equivalent-circuit":[3,100],"analysis":[4],"that":[5,85,103,124],"simultaneously":[6,92],"considers":[7],"the":[8,34,39,53,87,114,125,133],"photoluminescence":[9,61,95],"and":[10,59,62,76,91,96,112],"electrical":[11,63],"responses":[12],"of":[13,31,65,110],"valley":[14],"photovoltaic":[15],"devices.":[16],"Valley":[17],"photovoltaics":[18],"(VPV)":[19],"are":[20,48],"a":[21,66,104,119,138],"novel":[22],"concept":[23],"for":[24],"hot-carrier":[25],"solar":[26],"cells,":[27],"where":[28],"intervalley":[29],"scattering":[30],"electrons":[32,111],"in":[33],"absorbing":[35],"material":[36],"helps":[37],"maintain":[38],"conduction-band":[40,54],"electron":[41],"populations":[42],"at":[43,49],"metastable":[44],"satellite":[45],"valleys,":[46],"which":[47,69],"energies":[50],"higher":[51],"than":[52],"minimum.":[55],"measure":[57],"intensity-":[58],"voltage-dependent":[60],"signals":[64],"VPV":[67,148],"device,":[68],"has":[70],"previously":[71],"shown":[72],"S-shaped":[73,88],"current-voltage":[74,89],"characteristics":[75],"thus":[77,113],"low":[78],"efficiency.":[79,153],"equivalent":[83],"circuit":[84],"captures":[86],"curves":[90],"describes":[93],"our":[94],"electric":[97],"measurements.":[98],"The":[99,141],"model":[101,121],"indicates":[102],"reverse":[105,126,142],"diode":[106,127,143],"causes":[107],"inefficient":[108],"extraction":[109],"S":[115],"shape.":[116],"use":[118],"Poisson/drift-diffusion":[120],"to":[122],"demonstrate":[123],"can":[128,150],"be":[129,145],"either":[130],"explained":[131],"by":[132],"valley-scattering":[134],"process":[135],"itself":[136],"or":[137],"heterojunction":[139],"barrier.":[140],"must":[144],"eliminated":[146],"before":[147],"devices":[149],"achieve":[151],"high":[152]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-10-01T00:00:00"}
