{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214912950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14193219","title":"Retention Intention of Clinical Nurses Returning from Parental Leave in South Korea: A Structural Equation Modeling Study","display_name":"Retention Intention of Clinical Nurses Returning from Parental Leave in South Korea: A Structural Equation Modeling Study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214912950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14193219","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42881658","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13664967"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/healthcare14193219","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14193219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14193219","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210214101","display_name":"Healthcare","issn_l":"2227-9032","issn":["2227-9032"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Healthcare","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14193219","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026979066","display_name":"Ji Hyun Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4194-2654","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4194-2654"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79056234","display_name":"Gwangju University","ror":"https://ror.org/01gcnxt20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79056234"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jihyun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nursing, Gwangju University, Gwangju 61743, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4194-2654","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nursing, Gwangju University, Gwangju 61743, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79056234"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153623321","display_name":"Mihae Im","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138826464","display_name":"Daegu Haany University","ror":"https://ror.org/045wr3278","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138826464"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mihae Im","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nursing, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan-si 38610, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nursing, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan-si 38610, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138826464"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5153623321"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138826464"],"apc_list":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"apc_paid":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"19","first_page":"3219","last_page":"3219"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12244","display_name":"Healthcare Education and Workforce Issues","score":0.49000000953674316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2911","display_name":"Leadership and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12244","display_name":"Healthcare Education and Workforce Issues","score":0.49000000953674316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2911","display_name":"Leadership and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10186","display_name":"Nursing education and management","score":0.44339999556541443,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2922","display_name":"Research and Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10722","display_name":"Work-Family Balance Challenges","score":0.0406000018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parental-leave","display_name":"parental leave","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-demands-resources-model","display_name":"job demands-resources model","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parenting-stress","display_name":"parental stress","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spousal-support","display_name":"spousal support","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"resilience","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positive-affect","display_name":"positive affect","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-satisfaction","display_name":"job satisfaction","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/return-to-work-programs","display_name":"return-to-work programs","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-friendly-workplace-policies","display_name":"family-friendly workplace policies","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexible-scheduling","display_name":"flexible scheduling","score":0.6190000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.891700029373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.6689000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.647599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137176749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4105337","display_name":"Psychological resilience","level":2,"score":0.5554999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2718322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629463","display_name":"Job satisfaction","level":2,"score":0.5406000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5328999757766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56270706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q943496","display_name":"Role conflict","level":2,"score":0.41119998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168031717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530280","display_name":"Balance (ability)","level":2,"score":0.3946000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53059260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374758","display_name":"Multilevel model","level":2,"score":0.38690000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.37310001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.3472999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781160688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2234192","display_name":"Work engagement","level":3,"score":0.29600000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7647069","display_name":"Survey data collection","level":2,"score":0.2953999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778215748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8034525","display_name":"Work\u2013life balance","level":3,"score":0.2824000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.2802000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778087770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297111","display_name":"Social support","level":2,"score":0.2768999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26077564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1910318","display_name":"Turnover","level":2,"score":0.26330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993311118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51379","display_name":"Positive relationship","level":2,"score":0.2597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99476002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42297","display_name":"Analysis of variance","level":2,"score":0.2563999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778139618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13440398","display_name":"Workforce","level":2,"score":0.2531999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100918236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170212","display_name":"Core self-evaluations","level":5,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/healthcare14193219","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14193219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14193219","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210214101","display_name":"Healthcare","issn_l":"2227-9032","issn":["2227-9032"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Healthcare","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13664967","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13664967/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13664967/pdf/healthcare-14-03219.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Healthcare (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42881658","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42881658","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/healthcare14193219","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14193219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14193219","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210214101","display_name":"Healthcare","issn_l":"2227-9032","issn":["2227-9032"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Healthcare","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"},{"score":0.7825999855995178,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321142","display_name":"Hanyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/046865y68"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214912950.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214912950.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979376028","https://openalex.org/W2007445014","https://openalex.org/W2010348352","https://openalex.org/W2010755961","https://openalex.org/W2023172395","https://openalex.org/W2051013754","https://openalex.org/W2064486038","https://openalex.org/W2117132966","https://openalex.org/W2125806375","https://openalex.org/W2127625785","https://openalex.org/W2148905283","https://openalex.org/W2275737843","https://openalex.org/W2291761576","https://openalex.org/W2530409471","https://openalex.org/W2792075914","https://openalex.org/W3144865074","https://openalex.org/W3150864553","https://openalex.org/W4221111825","https://openalex.org/W4235678817","https://openalex.org/W4281612492","https://openalex.org/W4309288395","https://openalex.org/W4377157369","https://openalex.org/W4390234721","https://openalex.org/W4390743666","https://openalex.org/W4391546157","https://openalex.org/W4393986477","https://openalex.org/W4402573932","https://openalex.org/W4403053097","https://openalex.org/W4403451730","https://openalex.org/W4403493903","https://openalex.org/W4404824189","https://openalex.org/W4407136864","https://openalex.org/W4408039649","https://openalex.org/W4408695711","https://openalex.org/W4409905668","https://openalex.org/W7117804403","https://openalex.org/W7126402129","https://openalex.org/W7155092066","https://openalex.org/W7164818622","https://openalex.org/W7165556710","https://openalex.org/W7165776422"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4221111825","https://openalex.org/W4391546157","https://openalex.org/W4407136864","https://openalex.org/W7165556710","https://openalex.org/W2472809927","https://openalex.org/W2267110948","https://openalex.org/W3038414116","https://openalex.org/W4408519024","https://openalex.org/W2755705711","https://openalex.org/W2361225487"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose:":[0],"This":[1],"study":[2],"aimed":[3],"to":[4,42,98,235],"test":[5,103],"a":[6,178],"hypothesized":[7,63,105,121],"structural":[8],"model":[9,64,100,110,122,190],"explaining":[10],"retention":[11,87,155,169,186,198],"intention":[12,88,202],"among":[13,203],"nurses":[14,38,204],"returning":[15,205],"from":[16,47,206],"parental":[17,45,207],"leave":[18,46,208],"based":[19],"on":[20],"the":[21,90,104,119,195],"Job":[22],"Demands\u2013Resources":[23],"framework.":[24],"Methods:":[25],"A":[26],"cross-sectional":[27],"survey":[28],"was":[29,96,209],"conducted":[30],"between":[31],"January":[32],"and":[33,59,70,80,86,102,146,158,165,215,223,240,245,257],"April":[34],"2019":[35],"with":[36,118,154,168,185,212],"196":[37],"who":[39],"had":[40],"returned":[41],"work":[43],"after":[44],"13":[48],"general":[49],"hospitals":[50],"in":[51,197],"Korea.":[52],"Data":[53],"were":[54],"analyzed":[55],"using":[56],"SPSS":[57],"22.0":[58],"AMOS":[60],"21.0.":[61],"The":[62,108,188],"included":[65],"parenting":[66],"stress,":[67],"spousal":[68,224],"support,":[69],"work\u2013family":[71,159,220,237],"balance":[72,160,221,238],"conflict":[73,161,239],"as":[74,83,89],"exogenous":[75],"variables;":[76,85],"resilience,":[77,219],"positive":[78,151,213,242],"affect,":[79],"job":[81,147,216],"satisfaction":[82,148],"mediating":[84],"outcome":[91],"variable.":[92],"Structural":[93],"equation":[94],"modeling":[95],"used":[97],"assess":[99],"fit":[101,116],"pathways.":[106],"Results:":[107],"respecified":[109,189],"showed":[111,149,162,177,226],"improved":[112],"but":[113,181],"marginally":[114],"acceptable":[115],"compared":[117],"initial":[120],"(\u03c72/df":[123],"=":[124,127,130,133,136,139,142],"2.004,":[125],"SRMR":[126],"0.067,":[128],"RMSEA":[129],"0.072,":[131],"GFI":[132],"0.798,":[134],"NFI":[135],"0.821,":[137],"TLI":[138],"0.887,":[140],"CFI":[141],"0.900).":[143],"Positive":[144],"affect":[145,214],"significant":[150,163,179],"direct":[152,173],"associations":[153,167],"intention.":[156,187,199],"Resilience":[157],"indirect":[164,228],"total":[166],"intention,":[170],"despite":[171],"nonsignificant":[172],"associations.":[174,229],"Spousal":[175],"support":[176,225,241],"indirect,":[180],"not":[182],"direct,":[183],"association":[184],"accounted":[191],"for":[192],"52%":[193],"of":[194],"variance":[196],"Conclusions:":[200],"Retention":[201],"directly":[210],"associated":[211],"satisfaction,":[217],"whereas":[218],"conflict,":[222],"important":[227],"Nursing":[230],"managers":[231],"may":[232],"consider":[233],"strategies":[234],"reduce":[236],"psychological":[243],"resources":[244],"reintegration,":[246],"including":[247],"structured":[248],"return-to-work":[249],"programs,":[250],"mentoring,":[251],"flexible":[252],"scheduling,":[253],"equitable":[254],"workload":[255],"distribution,":[256],"family-friendly":[258],"workplace":[259],"policies.":[260]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-10-01T00:00:00"}