{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214907301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24186/vakanuvis.1794907","title":"Political Spectrum and National Minorities in the Democratic Republic of Georgia (1918-1921)","display_name":"Political Spectrum and National Minorities in the Democratic Republic of Georgia (1918-1921)","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214907301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24186/vakanuvis.1794907"},"language":"tr","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.24186/vakanuvis.1794907","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24186/vakanuvis.1794907","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24186/vakanuvis.1794907","pdf_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/5291222","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207333","display_name":"Vakan\u00fcvis uluslararas\u0131 tarih ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 dergisi/Vakan\u00fcvis-uluslararas\u0131 tarih ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 dergisi","issn_l":"2636-7777","issn":["2636-7777","2149-9535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","erih-plus","tr-dizin"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318287","host_organization_name":"Association of Food Technology, Turkey","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318287"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association of Food Technology, Turkey"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vakan\u00fcvis - Uluslararas\u0131 Tarih Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Dergisi","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/5291222","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037771350","display_name":"Nikoloz Akhalkatsi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7814-2103","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7814-2103"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130288792","display_name":"Gori State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ztfnz06","country_code":"GE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130288792"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144048","display_name":"Samtskhe-Javakheti State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ne5hn26","country_code":"GE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144048"]}],"countries":["GE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nikoloz Akhalkatsi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samtskhe-Javakheti State University; Gori State University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7814-2103","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samtskhe-Javakheti State University; Gori State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130288792","https://openalex.org/I4210144048"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059150005","display_name":"Otar Janelidze","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0132-4341","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0132-4341"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130288792","display_name":"Gori State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ztfnz06","country_code":"GE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130288792"]}],"countries":["GE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Otar Janelidze","raw_affiliation_strings":["GORI STATE UNIVERSITY"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0132-4341","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GORI STATE UNIVERSITY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130288792"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037771350"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130288792","https://openalex.org/I4210144048"],"apc_list":{"value":250,"currency":"TRY","value_usd":13},"apc_paid":{"value":250,"currency":"TRY","value_usd":13},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"2","first_page":"1111","last_page":"1134"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13549","display_name":"Minority Rights and Languages","score":0.8213000297546387,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13549","display_name":"Minority Rights and Languages","score":0.8213000297546387,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11070","display_name":"Soviet and Russian History","score":0.10719999670982361,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12686","display_name":"Central European national history","score":0.030400000512599945,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-minorities","display_name":"national minorities","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-spectrum","display_name":"political spectrum","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/democratic-republic-of-georgia","display_name":"Democratic Republic of Georgia","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minority-rights","display_name":"minority rights","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minority-integration","display_name":"minority integration","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/league-of-nations","display_name":"League of Nations","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minority-protection","display_name":"minority protection","score":0.3070000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-building","display_name":"state building","score":0.3720000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiparty-democracy","display_name":"multiparty democracy","score":0.6299999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.7146000266075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.6241000294685364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.6032000184059143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169437150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8458","display_name":"Human rights","level":2,"score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780781376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42138","display_name":"Citizenship","level":3,"score":0.5351999998092651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5159000158309937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.4611000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778407155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1880695","display_name":"National identity","level":3,"score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776427498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369260","display_name":"Minority rights","level":3,"score":0.3621000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.3578999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.34200000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207456731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660818","display_name":"League","level":2,"score":0.33899998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776154427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7755","display_name":"Constitution","level":2,"score":0.32910001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.32010000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152212766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3625645","display_name":"The Republic","level":2,"score":0.30079999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528167355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258307","display_name":"National security","level":2,"score":0.28209999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.2768000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152192407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1147507","display_name":"Political history","level":3,"score":0.2766000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780964034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8108","display_name":"Georgian","level":2,"score":0.2680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780339416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5193405","display_name":"Cultural rights","level":4,"score":0.2669999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49371","display_name":"Legislation","level":2,"score":0.26260000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111439079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192125","display_name":"Liberal democracy","level":4,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186229450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42008","display_name":"Sovereignty","level":3,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.24186/vakanuvis.1794907","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24186/vakanuvis.1794907","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24186/vakanuvis.1794907","pdf_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/5291222","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207333","display_name":"Vakan\u00fcvis uluslararas\u0131 tarih ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 dergisi/Vakan\u00fcvis-uluslararas\u0131 tarih ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 dergisi","issn_l":"2636-7777","issn":["2636-7777","2149-9535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","erih-plus","tr-dizin"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318287","host_organization_name":"Association of Food Technology, Turkey","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318287"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association of Food Technology, Turkey"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vakan\u00fcvis - Uluslararas\u0131 Tarih Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Dergisi","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dergipark.org.tr:article/1794907","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://izlik.org/JA88DP58PE","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401840","display_name":"DergiPark (Istanbul University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67581229","host_organization_name":"Istanbul University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Vakan\u00fcvis - Uluslararas\u0131 Tarih Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Dergisi, Vol. 11 No. 2","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.24186/vakanuvis.1794907","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24186/vakanuvis.1794907","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24186/vakanuvis.1794907","pdf_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/5291222","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207333","display_name":"Vakan\u00fcvis uluslararas\u0131 tarih ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 dergisi/Vakan\u00fcvis-uluslararas\u0131 tarih ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 dergisi","issn_l":"2636-7777","issn":["2636-7777","2149-9535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","erih-plus","tr-dizin"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318287","host_organization_name":"Association of Food Technology, Turkey","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318287"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association of Food Technology, Turkey"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vakan\u00fcvis - Uluslararas\u0131 Tarih Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Dergisi","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.9595999717712402,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214907301.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214907301.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2943391089"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7215308028","https://openalex.org/W7215420096","https://openalex.org/W7223064072","https://openalex.org/W4229011107","https://openalex.org/W7139996660","https://openalex.org/W7219968424","https://openalex.org/W2913490338","https://openalex.org/W1965986685","https://openalex.org/W4412583282","https://openalex.org/W6946950513"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,55,235,260],"struggle":[1],"of":[2,5,29,39,45,61,64,76,79,89,102,113,119,123,127,146,190,212,237,247,251,255,266,268],"non-dominant":[3],"groups":[4],"the":[6,27,37,40,43,59,62,74,77,86,90,95,100,103,110,114,117,120,130,137,144,147,155,174,178,191,198,206,213,222,225,228,233,238,245,248,252,264,272],"population":[7],"to":[8,34,180,203,241],"preserve":[9],"and":[10,32,157,165,193,201,209,243],"recognize":[11],"their":[12],"cultural,":[13],"religious":[14],"or":[15],"ethnic":[16],"identity":[17],"is":[18,240],"a":[19,49,152,184],"process":[20,265],"inherent":[21],"in":[22,52,58,68,133,173,205],"history.":[23],"It":[24,149],"began":[25,67,158],"with":[26,73],"emergence":[28],"nation":[30],"states":[31],"continues":[33],"this":[35,83,215],"day.Since":[36],"beginning":[38],"20th":[41],"century,":[42],"protection":[44],"minorities":[46,66,196,270],"has":[47],"become":[48],"major":[50],"issue":[51],"international":[53],"law.":[54],"turning":[56],"point":[57],"history":[60,135],"rights":[63,170],"national":[65,195,258,269],"1919,":[69],"which":[70,106],"was":[71,81,107,129,183,216],"associated":[72],"creation":[75],"League":[78],"Nations.It":[80],"at":[82,85,143],"time,":[84],"final":[87],"stage":[88],"First":[91],"World":[92],"War,":[93],"that":[94,262],"Georgian":[96],"state":[97,159,226],"arose":[98],"on":[99,109,162,224,230],"ruins":[101],"Russian":[104],"Empire,":[105],"designated":[108],"political":[111,249],"map":[112],"world":[115],"under":[116,274],"name":[118],"Democratic":[121,125,139,253],"Republic":[122,126,254],"Georgia.The":[124],"Georgia":[128,256],"first":[131],"precedent":[132],"human":[134,169],"where":[136],"Social":[138],"Party":[140],"found":[141],"itself":[142],"head":[145],"government.":[148],"immediately":[150],"set":[151],"course":[153],"for":[154],"West":[156],"building":[160],"based":[161],"democratic":[163],"values":[164],"principles.":[166],"All":[167],"basic":[168],"were":[171],"protected":[172],"republic.":[175],"Women":[176],"had":[177,197],"right":[179,200],"vote,":[181],"there":[182],"multi-party":[185],"democracy,":[186],"free":[187],"elections,":[188],"freedom":[189],"press":[192],"speech,":[194],"full":[199],"opportunity":[202],"participate":[204],"political,":[207],"economic":[208],"cultural":[210],"life":[211],"state.All":[214],"guaranteed":[217],"by":[218],"legal":[219],"acts,":[220],"including":[221],"law":[223],"language,":[227],"provision":[229],"citizenship":[231],"(subordination),":[232],"constitution.":[234],"purpose":[236],"article":[239],"describe":[242],"illustrate":[244],"attitude":[246],"spectrum":[250],"towards":[257],"minorities.":[259],"resistance":[261],"accompanied":[263],"integration":[267],"during":[271],"period":[273],"review":[275],"will":[276],"also":[277],"be":[278],"shown.":[279]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-10-01T00:00:00"}