{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214803147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.29.755283","title":"Enhanced 3D Osteogenic Differentiation of Encapsulated Human MSCs in Hyaluronic Acid Core Alginate Shell Capsules under Dynamic Culture Conditions","display_name":"Enhanced 3D Osteogenic Differentiation of Encapsulated Human MSCs in Hyaluronic Acid Core Alginate Shell Capsules under Dynamic Culture Conditions","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214803147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.29.755283"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.29.755283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.29.755283","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.29.755283","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/09/29/2026.09.29.755283.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/09/29/2026.09.29.755283.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115536873","display_name":"Julia Dreger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9939-9378","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9939-9378"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114112103","display_name":"Leibniz University Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/0304hq317","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julia Dreger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9939-9378","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153419231","display_name":"Daniela Andrea Contreras-Perez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2611-3489","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2611-3489"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114112103","display_name":"Leibniz University Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/0304hq317","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniela Andrea Contreras-P\u00e9rez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2611-3489","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109466536","display_name":"Maike Katharina Keck","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9341345","display_name":"University of L\u00fcbeck","ror":"https://ror.org/00t3r8h32","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9341345"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maike Keck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plastic Surgery, University of L\u00fcbeck, L\u00fcbeck, Germany","Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Agaplesion Diakonieklinikum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plastic Surgery, University of L\u00fcbeck, L\u00fcbeck, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9341345"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Agaplesion Diakonieklinikum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079624374","display_name":"Dominik Egger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9925-3344","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9925-3344"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114112103","display_name":"Leibniz University Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/0304hq317","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dominik Egger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9925-3344","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079624374"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10059","display_name":"Bone Tissue Engineering Materials","score":0.7153000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10059","display_name":"Bone Tissue Engineering Materials","score":0.7153000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10176","display_name":"Mesenchymal stem cell research","score":0.10320000350475311,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11190","display_name":"3D Printing in Biomedical Research","score":0.0860000029206276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mesenchymal-stem-cells","display_name":"mesenchymal stem cells","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osteogenic-differentiation","display_name":"osteogenic differentiation","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core-shell-capsules","display_name":"core-shell capsules","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyaluronic-acid","display_name":"hyaluronic acid","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alginate","display_name":"alginate","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spheroids","display_name":"spheroids","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotating-wall-vessel-bioreactor","display_name":"rotating wall vessel bioreactor","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-culture","display_name":"dynamic culture","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypoxia","display_name":"hypoxia","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-platelet-lysate","display_name":"human platelet lysate","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcium-phosphate-deposition","display_name":"calcium phosphate deposition","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alkaline-phosphatase","display_name":"alkaline phosphatase","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carboxymethyl-cellulose","display_name":"carboxymethyl cellulose","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-microtissues","display_name":"3D microtissues","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-vitro-disease-model","display_name":"in vitro disease model","score":0.6769999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198826908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1922379","display_name":"Mesenchymal stem cell","level":2,"score":0.8553000092506409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777529286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337231","display_name":"Hyaluronic acid","level":2,"score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189165786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193825","display_name":"Extracellular matrix","level":2,"score":0.6273999810218811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175369904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208395","display_name":"Spheroid","level":3,"score":0.5728999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49892992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540285","display_name":"Tissue engineering","level":2,"score":0.5685999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10854531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061415","display_name":"Regenerative medicine","level":3,"score":0.5612000226974487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.5428000092506409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.504800021648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81885089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189082","display_name":"Cell culture","level":2,"score":0.45350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.4187000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148738053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210861","display_name":"Cellular differentiation","level":3,"score":0.3946000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12554922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100","display_name":"Biophysics","level":1,"score":0.3828999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28328180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48196","display_name":"Stem cell","level":2,"score":0.35089999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163688615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15883629","display_name":"3D cell culture","level":3,"score":0.3506999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776662772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202247","display_name":"Platelet lysate","level":3,"score":0.34860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10882517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15268054","display_name":"Cell therapy","level":3,"score":0.3273000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1491633281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7868","display_name":"Cell","level":2,"score":0.32510000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777230088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864426","display_name":"Biocompatibility","level":2,"score":0.3188000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35496256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5104524","display_name":"Chondrogenesis","level":3,"score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.30230000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28406088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5571762","display_name":"Extracellular","level":2,"score":0.29809999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193855658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5058189","display_name":"Cell encapsulation","level":3,"score":0.2946999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.2858000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89429830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735710","display_name":"Scaffold","level":2,"score":0.2856999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90703135","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3287622","display_name":"Tissue culture","level":3,"score":0.28189998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62112901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189159","display_name":"Cell growth","level":2,"score":0.2761000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519063684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q706","display_name":"Calcium","level":2,"score":0.262800008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776081644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411030","display_name":"Carboxymethyl cellulose","level":3,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.29.755283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.29.755283","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.29.755283","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/09/29/2026.09.29.755283.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.29.755283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.29.755283","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.29.755283","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/09/29/2026.09.29.755283.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8371999859809875}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214803147.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214803147.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1473506775","https://openalex.org/W1876014715","https://openalex.org/W1967966539","https://openalex.org/W2001923641","https://openalex.org/W2018013954","https://openalex.org/W2030345505","https://openalex.org/W2138247060","https://openalex.org/W2159999899","https://openalex.org/W2169664936","https://openalex.org/W2405751825","https://openalex.org/W2521683402","https://openalex.org/W2617468210","https://openalex.org/W2626725994","https://openalex.org/W2790210118","https://openalex.org/W2804698915","https://openalex.org/W2807752884","https://openalex.org/W2917287369","https://openalex.org/W2957009296","https://openalex.org/W2986757746","https://openalex.org/W3009670898","https://openalex.org/W3033932089","https://openalex.org/W3087276428","https://openalex.org/W3110475712","https://openalex.org/W3129593253","https://openalex.org/W3142419260","https://openalex.org/W3153016638","https://openalex.org/W3166373635","https://openalex.org/W3182899517","https://openalex.org/W4200393640","https://openalex.org/W4210265842","https://openalex.org/W4214682768","https://openalex.org/W4221042640","https://openalex.org/W4223908782","https://openalex.org/W4225356333","https://openalex.org/W4291378091","https://openalex.org/W4294151928","https://openalex.org/W4308115469","https://openalex.org/W4361291123","https://openalex.org/W4380681701","https://openalex.org/W4385897334","https://openalex.org/W4389380944","https://openalex.org/W4401195833","https://openalex.org/W4405945589","https://openalex.org/W4413390122","https://openalex.org/W7102394161","https://openalex.org/W7116293902","https://openalex.org/W7125585551","https://openalex.org/W7138912693","https://openalex.org/W7140162554"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2216626824","https://openalex.org/W1944207093","https://openalex.org/W2049792459","https://openalex.org/W4210265842","https://openalex.org/W7110643639","https://openalex.org/W7060727529","https://openalex.org/W2024031328","https://openalex.org/W4392096541","https://openalex.org/W7110588513","https://openalex.org/W1995286352"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0,288,291],"The":[1],"growing":[2],"demand":[3],"for":[4,30,42,92,246],"three-dimensional":[5],"(3D)":[6],"in":[7,100,140,216,272],"vitro":[8,273],"models":[9,65],"that":[10,66],"accurately":[11],"replicate":[12],"human":[13,70,174],"tissue":[14,20,43],"to":[15,50,121,184,199],"investigate":[16],"disease":[17,274],"mechanisms,":[18],"enable":[19],"replacement,":[21],"and":[22,45,54,60,72,87,126,132,142,170,194,209,222,227,242,259,278],"support":[23],"drug":[24,276],"testing":[25],"is":[26],"driving":[27],"the":[28,58,69,171,185,205,232,247,267],"need":[29],"more":[31],"advanced":[32,271],"manufacturing":[33],"platforms.":[34],"Mesenchymal":[35],"stem/stromal":[36],"cells":[37],"(MSCs)":[38],"are":[39],"promising":[40],"candidates":[41],"engineering":[44],"stem":[46],"cell":[47,192],"therapies":[48],"due":[49],"their":[51],"regenerative":[52],"potential":[53],"ethical":[55],"advantages.":[56],"However,":[57],"reproducible":[59],"scalable":[61,86,279],"production":[62],"of":[63,109,173,187,250],"3D":[64,89,248],"truly":[67],"mimic":[68],"complexity":[71],"function":[73],"poses":[74],"a":[75,85,152,239],"major":[76],"challenge.":[77],"To":[78,104],"address":[79],"these":[80],"challenges,":[81],"we":[82,113,237],"have":[83],"developed":[84],"semi-automated":[88],"differentiation":[90,137,249],"process":[91,118,245],"generating":[93],"osteogenic":[94,233,253],"microtissue":[95,280],"derived":[96],"from":[97],"MSCs":[98,251],"encapsulated":[99],"core-shell":[101],"capsules":[102],"(CSCs).":[103],"validate":[105],"material-dependent,":[106],"osteo-inductive":[107],"effects":[108],"hyaluronic":[110],"acid":[111],"(HA),":[112],"systematically":[114],"characterised":[115],"our":[116],"encapsulation":[117],"with":[119,160,190],"regard":[120],"CSC":[122],"integrity,":[123],"spheroid":[124],"formation":[125,186],"viability,":[127],"as":[128,130],"well":[129],"diffusion":[131],"shear":[133],"thinning":[134],"properties.":[135],"Osteogenic":[136],"was":[138],"performed":[139],"static":[141],"dynamic":[143,223,260],"culture,":[144],"using":[145],"either":[146],"conventional":[147],"6-well":[148],"plate":[149],"format":[150],"or":[151],"rotating":[153],"wall":[154],"vessel":[155],"bioreactor.":[156],"HA-CSCs":[157],"were":[158],"compared":[159,198],"inert":[161],"carboxymethyl":[162],"cellulose":[163],"(CMC)-CSCs.":[164],"In":[165,235],"addition,":[166],"hypoxic":[167],"culture":[168,224,261],"condition":[169],"implementation":[172],"platelet":[175],"lysate":[176],"(hPL)":[177],"further":[178],"supported":[179],"physiological":[180,268],"relevance.":[181],"HA":[182,221],"led":[183],"larger":[188],"spheroids":[189],"high":[191],"viability":[193],"increased":[195],"metabolic":[196],"activity":[197,212],"CMC.":[200],"Calcium":[201],"phosphate":[202],"deposition":[203],"within":[204],"extracellular":[206],"matrix":[207],"(ECM)":[208],"elevated":[210],"ALP":[211],"confirmed":[213],"successful":[214],"osteogenesis":[215],"all":[217],"conditions.":[218],"Furthermore,":[219],"both":[220],"promote":[225],"osteogenesis,":[226],"when":[228],"combined,":[229],"synergistically":[230],"enhance":[231],"differentiation.":[234],"conclusion,":[236],"present":[238],"semi-automated,":[240],"high-throughput":[241],"xeno-free":[243],"platform":[244],"towards":[252],"lineage.":[254],"By":[255],"integrating":[256],"HA,":[257],"hypoxia":[258],"conditions,":[262],"this":[263],"capsule-based":[264],"system":[265],"enhances":[266],"relevance,":[269],"enabling":[270],"modelling,":[275],"testing,":[277],"generation":[281],"while":[282],"reducing":[283],"reliance":[284],"on":[285],"animal":[286],"models.":[287],"Figure":[289],"Graphical":[290]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-09-30T00:00:00"}