{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214799751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vetr.71213","title":"Randomised, blinded clinical trial comparing dogs\u2019 sedation scores following methadone\u2013medetomidine injection at Governing Vessel 20, the epaxial lumbar muscles or the quadriceps muscles","display_name":"Randomised, blinded clinical trial comparing dogs\u2019 sedation scores following methadone\u2013medetomidine injection at Governing Vessel 20, the epaxial lumbar muscles or the quadriceps muscles","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214799751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vetr.71213","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42806464"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/vetr.71213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vetr.71213","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vetr.71213","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/vetr.71213","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23243006","display_name":"Veterinary Record","issn_l":"0042-4900","issn":["0042-4900","2042-7670"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Veterinary Record","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/vetr.71213","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015797322","display_name":"Florence Hillen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1065-5988","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1065-5988"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hillen Florence","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Veterinary Medicine and Science University of Nottingham  Nottingham UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1065-5988","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Veterinary Medicine and Science University of Nottingham  Nottingham UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yates David","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3588-0919","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3588-0919"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I890889367","display_name":"Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals","ror":"https://ror.org/04hv4eh07","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I890889367"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yates David","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bolton RSPCA  Bolton UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3588-0919","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bolton RSPCA  Bolton UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I890889367"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024091623","display_name":"Kate White","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1439-0228","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1439-0228"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"White Kate","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Veterinary Medicine and Science University of Nottingham  Nottingham UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1439-0228","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Veterinary Medicine and Science University of Nottingham  Nottingham UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015797322"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"apc_list":{"value":3980,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3980},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81141945,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11905","display_name":"Veterinary Pharmacology and Anesthesia","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11905","display_name":"Veterinary Pharmacology and Anesthesia","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10436","display_name":"Anesthesia and Sedative Agents","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11580","display_name":"Veterinary Medicine and Surgery","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methadone","display_name":"methadone","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medetomidine","display_name":"medetomidine","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadriceps","display_name":"quadriceps","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intramuscular-injection","display_name":"intramuscular injection","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subcutaneous-injection","display_name":"subcutaneous injection","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sedation-quality","display_name":"sedation quality","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dogs","display_name":"dogs","score":0.40799999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/route-of-administration","display_name":"route of administration","score":0.5609999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8580999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776814716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574801","display_name":"Sedation","level":2,"score":0.801800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779520467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q427179","display_name":"Medetomidine","level":4,"score":0.7854999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.7548999786376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432083","display_name":"Intramuscular injection","level":2,"score":0.6632999777793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44575665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1293405","display_name":"Lumbar","level":2,"score":0.599399983882904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777288759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4164182","display_name":"Dosing","level":2,"score":0.5047000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776390293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2035485","display_name":"Subcutaneous injection","level":2,"score":0.49399998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778886780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504536","display_name":"Quadriceps femoris muscle","level":3,"score":0.3312999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776635132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3998773","display_name":"Intramuscular fat","level":2,"score":0.33090001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.2939000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778162923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4990531","display_name":"Anesthetic","level":2,"score":0.28049999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776093070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621636","display_name":"Route of administration","level":2,"score":0.2791999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.25049999356269836}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/vetr.71213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vetr.71213","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vetr.71213","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/vetr.71213","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23243006","display_name":"Veterinary Record","issn_l":"0042-4900","issn":["0042-4900","2042-7670"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Veterinary Record","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42806464","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42806464","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Veterinary record","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/vetr.71213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vetr.71213","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vetr.71213","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/vetr.71213","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23243006","display_name":"Veterinary Record","issn_l":"0042-4900","issn":["0042-4900","2042-7670"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Veterinary Record","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8408719301223755,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214799751.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214799751.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W36067026","https://openalex.org/W139774506","https://openalex.org/W144668201","https://openalex.org/W168031262","https://openalex.org/W1558768212","https://openalex.org/W1967481023","https://openalex.org/W1980320197","https://openalex.org/W1993621383","https://openalex.org/W1999079267","https://openalex.org/W2000790498","https://openalex.org/W2001063915","https://openalex.org/W2002957428","https://openalex.org/W2011366382","https://openalex.org/W2020049592","https://openalex.org/W2024938615","https://openalex.org/W2030984251","https://openalex.org/W2036920067","https://openalex.org/W2043727245","https://openalex.org/W2057862266","https://openalex.org/W2096117985","https://openalex.org/W2105062536","https://openalex.org/W2108466731","https://openalex.org/W2124548444","https://openalex.org/W2134353495","https://openalex.org/W2155648845","https://openalex.org/W2161427262","https://openalex.org/W2337194656","https://openalex.org/W2554403624","https://openalex.org/W2594059507","https://openalex.org/W2890572882","https://openalex.org/W2977374807","https://openalex.org/W3027589761","https://openalex.org/W3045946872","https://openalex.org/W4229026073","https://openalex.org/W4385716188","https://openalex.org/W4403595477","https://openalex.org/W4407200476"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Intramuscular":[1],"injection":[2,15,54,59,67,84,170,184,191,211],"of":[3,12,46,156,167,171,208],"sedatives":[4],"into":[5,60,68,185,196],"different":[6],"muscles":[7,63,72,200],"may":[8,32,159],"affect":[9],"the":[10,61,69,154,162,186,190,197],"quality":[11,166],"sedation.":[13,34],"Subcutaneous":[14],"is":[16,192],"less":[17,22,203],"painful":[18],"but":[19],"has":[20],"a":[21,86],"predictable":[23],"effect;":[24],"however,":[25],"administration":[26,47],"at":[27,55,77,112,123,133,141,175],"Governing":[28],"Vessel":[29],"20":[30],"(GV20)":[31],"improve":[33],"METHODS:":[35],"Seventy-three":[36],"dogs":[37],"were":[38,92],"premedicated":[39],"with":[40],"medetomidine":[41,174],"and":[42,80,97,103,110,121,128,131,136,139,153,173,189],"methadone.":[43],"The":[44,165],"route":[45],"was":[48,75],"determined":[49],"by":[50],"random":[51],"allocation:":[52],"subcutaneous":[53,210],"GV20":[56,176],"(GV-20),":[57],"intramuscular":[58,66],"quadriceps":[62,187],"(IM-Q)":[64],"or":[65,212],"epaxial":[70,198],"lumbar":[71,199],"(IM-L).":[73],"Sedation":[74],"scored":[76],"3,":[78],"7":[79,134],"10":[81,142],"minutes":[82],"after":[83],"using":[85],"simple":[87],"descriptive":[88],"scale.":[89],"RESULTS:":[90],"Scores":[91,116],"higher":[93],"in":[94,100,146,202,215],"groups":[95],"IM-Q":[96,111,122,130],"GV-20":[98,109,132,138],"than":[99],"group":[101],"IM-L":[102,120,127,140],"did":[104],"not":[105,178],"differ":[106,179],"significantly":[107,118,180],"between":[108,119,126,137,149],"any":[113],"time":[114],"point.":[115],"differed":[117],"3":[124],"minutes,":[125,135],"both":[129],"minutes.":[143],"LIMITATIONS:":[144],"Differences":[145],"patient":[147],"size":[148],"groups,":[150],"inter-rater":[151],"variability":[152],"use":[155],"allometric":[157],"dosing":[158],"have":[160],"affected":[161],"results.":[163],"CONCLUSIONS:":[164],"sedation":[168],"following":[169,183],"methadone":[172],"does":[177],"from":[181],"that":[182],"muscles,":[188],"well":[193],"tolerated.":[194],"Injection":[195],"results":[201],"profound":[204],"sedation,":[205],"possibly":[206],"because":[207],"inadvertent":[209],"anatomical":[213],"differences":[214],"tissue":[216],"perfusion.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2026-09-30T00:00:00"}