{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214769224","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-026-01371-y","title":"Aerosol monitoring of ultrafine particles and airborne carbon nanotube release during mechanical recycling processes of nanomaterial-containing lithium-ion batteries","display_name":"Aerosol monitoring of ultrafine particles and airborne carbon nanotube release during mechanical recycling processes of nanomaterial-containing lithium-ion batteries","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214769224","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-026-01371-y"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s43246-026-01371-y","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-026-01371-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-026-01371-y","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-026-01371-y_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233566","display_name":"Communications Materials","issn_l":"2662-4443","issn":["2662-4443"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-026-01371-y_reference.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038731817","display_name":"Florian Part","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1301-1502","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1301-1502"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92869138","display_name":"BOKU University","ror":"https://ror.org/057ff4y42","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92869138"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Florian Part","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Landscape, Infrastructure and Water, Institute of Waste Management and Circularity, BOKU University, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1301-1502","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Landscape, Infrastructure and Water, Institute of Waste Management and Circularity, BOKU University, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92869138"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093643667","display_name":"Kevin Sparwasser","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Sparwasser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stat Peel Ltd., Glarus, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stat Peel Ltd., Glarus, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044809772","display_name":"Thomas Falta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150596","display_name":"Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt","ror":"https://ror.org/03rrfzx46","country_code":"AT","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150596"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Falta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Austrian Workers\u2018 Compensation board (AUVA), Head Office, Prevention, Vienna Twin Towers, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Austrian Workers\u2018 Compensation board (AUVA), Head Office, Prevention, Vienna Twin Towers, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029203668","display_name":"Aleksander Jandric","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3837-4329","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3837-4329"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92869138","display_name":"BOKU University","ror":"https://ror.org/057ff4y42","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92869138"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aleksander Jandric","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Landscape, Infrastructure and Water, Institute of Waste Management and Circularity, BOKU University, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Landscape, Infrastructure and Water, Institute of Waste Management and Circularity, BOKU University, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92869138"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126580763","display_name":"Zolt\u00e1n Szak\u00e1cs","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zolt\u00e1n Szak\u00e1cs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stat Peel Ltd., Glarus, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stat Peel Ltd., Glarus, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126564190","display_name":"Marilyn Wong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92869138","display_name":"BOKU University","ror":"https://ror.org/057ff4y42","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92869138"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marilyn Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Landscape, Infrastructure and Water, Institute of Waste Management and Circularity, BOKU University, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Landscape, Infrastructure and Water, Institute of Waste Management and Circularity, BOKU University, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92869138"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153539551","display_name":"Anna Pavlicek","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92869138","display_name":"BOKU University","ror":"https://ror.org/057ff4y42","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92869138"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Pavlicek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Institute of Synthetic Bioarchitectures, BOKU University, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Institute of Synthetic Bioarchitectures, BOKU University, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92869138"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056053675","display_name":"Andreas Breitwieser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6568-5299","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6568-5299"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92869138","display_name":"BOKU University","ror":"https://ror.org/057ff4y42","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92869138"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Breitwieser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Institute of Synthetic Bioarchitectures, BOKU University, Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Institute of Synthetic Bioarchitectures, BOKU University, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92869138"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037477382","display_name":"Ruedi Bieri","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruedi Bieri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stat Peel Ltd., Glarus, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stat Peel Ltd., Glarus, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044652635","display_name":"Gunther Van Kerckhove","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gunther Van Kerckhove","raw_affiliation_strings":["OCSiAl Europe Sarl, Leudelange, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OCSiAl Europe Sarl, Leudelange, Luxembourg","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038731817"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92869138"],"apc_list":{"value":3690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3690},"apc_paid":{"value":3690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3690},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11091","display_name":"Extraction and Separation Processes","score":0.43970000743865967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2506","display_name":"Metals and Alloys"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11091","display_name":"Extraction and Separation Processes","score":0.43970000743865967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2506","display_name":"Metals and Alloys"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10190","display_name":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","score":0.09520000219345093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13315","display_name":"Occupational Health and Safety in Workplaces","score":0.07150000333786011,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrafine-particles","display_name":"ultrafine particles","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-nanotubes","display_name":"carbon nanotubes","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lithium-ion-battery-recycling","display_name":"lithium-ion battery recycling","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-comminution","display_name":"mechanical comminution","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerosol-monitoring","display_name":"aerosol monitoring","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-exposure","display_name":"occupational exposure","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lifepo4-cells","display_name":"LiFePO4 cells","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-walled-carbon-nanotubes","display_name":"single-walled carbon nanotubes","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-walled-carbon-nanotubes","display_name":"multi-walled carbon nanotubes","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanomaterial-safety","display_name":"nanomaterial safety","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanoparticle-size-distribution","display_name":"nanoparticle size distribution","score":0.5120000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150032891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7880535","display_name":"Ultrafine particle","level":2,"score":0.8062000274658203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779345167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104541","display_name":"Aerosol","level":2,"score":0.6564000248908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513720949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778729","display_name":"Carbon nanotube","level":2,"score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24245907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q498957","display_name":"Particulates","level":2,"score":0.38260000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.3495999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778517922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140482","display_name":"Particle (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.3379000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155672457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61231","display_name":"Nanoparticle","level":2,"score":0.33219999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3025999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.30250000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2953999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.2912999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.2612999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187530423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140503","display_name":"Particle size","level":2,"score":0.2574000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.2563000023365021}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s43246-026-01371-y","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-026-01371-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-026-01371-y","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-026-01371-y_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233566","display_name":"Communications Materials","issn_l":"2662-4443","issn":["2662-4443"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s43246-026-01371-y","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-026-01371-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-026-01371-y","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-026-01371-y_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233566","display_name":"Communications Materials","issn_l":"2662-4443","issn":["2662-4443"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8199999928474426}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3165710812","display_name":"Safe and sUstainable by desigN Strategies for HIgh performance multi-component NanomatErials","funder_award_id":"952924","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214769224.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214769224.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2035611520","https://openalex.org/W2038944150","https://openalex.org/W2345941806","https://openalex.org/W2789069451","https://openalex.org/W2811240367","https://openalex.org/W3129992818","https://openalex.org/W3207457460","https://openalex.org/W4200363744","https://openalex.org/W4205771230","https://openalex.org/W4388681978","https://openalex.org/W4388838730","https://openalex.org/W4390535315","https://openalex.org/W4400989758","https://openalex.org/W4412187202"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7130943245","https://openalex.org/W2052091925","https://openalex.org/W2664928234","https://openalex.org/W2241297855","https://openalex.org/W2304105008","https://openalex.org/W2048065901","https://openalex.org/W2620792829","https://openalex.org/W4283381474","https://openalex.org/W7169813115","https://openalex.org/W2006875527"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mechanical":[0,159],"processing":[1],"of":[2,32,38,50,56,59,119,134,136,155,161],"lithium-ion":[3,162,200],"batteries":[4,163],"(LIBs)":[5],"can":[6,129,164],"unintentionally":[7],"release":[8,165],"ultrafine":[9,166,192],"particles":[10,102,167,193],"(UFPs),":[11],"including":[12],"carbon":[13,169,196],"nanotubes":[14,197],"(CNTs),":[15],"raising":[16],"occupational":[17,172],"health":[18,173],"and":[19,42,67,79,85,93,145,152,168,174,181,190,194],"nanosafety":[20],"concerns.":[21,176],"This":[22,61,122],"study":[23,124],"presents":[24],"an":[25,183],"aerosol":[26,184],"measurement":[27],"approach":[28,186],"during":[29,199],"the":[30,36,48,75,131,140,178],"comminution":[31],"nanomaterial-containing":[33],"LIBs,":[34],"using":[35],"example":[37],"LiFePO4":[39],"cells.":[40],"OPS":[41],"SMPS":[43],"were":[44,109],"used":[45],"to":[46,90,111,187],"measure":[47],"size":[49],"airborne":[51,195],"nanoparticles":[52],"over":[53],"a":[54],"range":[55],"three":[57],"orders":[58],"magnitude.":[60],"was":[62],"complemented":[63],"by":[64],"nanofibre-specific":[65],"sampling":[66],"Raman-based":[68],"Identifier":[69],"C2":[70],"analysis":[71],"for":[72,142],"CNTs,":[73],"enabling":[74],"differentiation":[76],"between":[77],"single-":[78],"multi-wall":[80],"CNTs.":[81,121],"Shredding":[82],"(<1":[83],"cm)":[84],"milling":[86],"(<0.5":[87],"mm)":[88],"led":[89],"both":[91],"UFP":[92],"CNT":[94,113,127],"release,":[95],"resulting":[96],"in":[97,149],"number":[98],"concentrations":[99,128],"below":[100],"1000":[101],"per":[103],"cm3.":[104],"However,":[105],"particle":[106],"counts":[107],"alone":[108],"insufficient":[110],"assess":[112],"exposure,":[114],"necessitating":[115],"selective,":[116],"chemistry-specific":[117],"monitoring":[118,144,185],"respirable":[120],"laboratory":[123],"demonstrates":[125],"that":[126],"exceed":[130],"recommended":[132],"limit":[133],"exposure":[135],"1":[137],"\u00b5g/m\u00b3,":[138],"underscoring":[139],"need":[141],"CNT-specific":[143],"method":[146],"validation,":[147],"particularly":[148],"industrial":[150],"manufacturing":[151],"recycling":[153,160],"settings":[154],"emerging":[156],"battery":[157,201],"technologies.":[158],"nanotubes,":[170],"posing":[171],"safety":[175],"Here,":[177],"authors":[179],"developed":[180],"validated":[182],"simultaneously":[188],"detect":[189],"quantify":[191],"released":[198],"comminution.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-09-30T00:00:00"}