{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214756368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.191440","title":"Coupling gradient porosity and spatially modulated W-Doping in TiO2 nanoarchitectures for boosted photoelectrochemical water oxidation","display_name":"Coupling gradient porosity and spatially modulated W-Doping in TiO2 nanoarchitectures for boosted photoelectrochemical water oxidation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214756368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.191440"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.191440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.191440","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.191440","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S67716761","display_name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","issn_l":"0925-8388","issn":["0925-8388","1873-4669"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7096824","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088382230","display_name":"Wenbing Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5767-3014","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5767-3014","https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7921-7351"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108268","display_name":"Northwest Institute For Non-Ferrous Metal Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0gmx67","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108268"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768201","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Metal Porous Materials","ror":"https://ror.org/03pzgzb61","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108268","https://openalex.org/I4391768201"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenbin Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials, Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research, Weiyang Road 96, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi 710016, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5767-3014","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials, Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research, Weiyang Road 96, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi 710016, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108268","https://openalex.org/I4391768201"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153424289","display_name":"Hao Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108268","display_name":"Northwest Institute For Non-Ferrous Metal Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0gmx67","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108268"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768201","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Metal Porous Materials","ror":"https://ror.org/03pzgzb61","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108268","https://openalex.org/I4391768201"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["China University of Mining and Technology, No1, Daxue Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, PR China","State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials, Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research, Weiyang Road 96, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi 710016, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China University of Mining and Technology, No1, Daxue Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, PR China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials, Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research, Weiyang Road 96, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi 710016, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108268","https://openalex.org/I4391768201"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153499752","display_name":"Jintao Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108268","display_name":"Northwest Institute For Non-Ferrous Metal Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0gmx67","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108268"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768201","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Metal Porous Materials","ror":"https://ror.org/03pzgzb61","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108268","https://openalex.org/I4391768201"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jintao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials, Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research, Weiyang Road 96, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi 710016, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials, Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research, Weiyang Road 96, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi 710016, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108268","https://openalex.org/I4391768201"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151497238","display_name":"Chenyang Xu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108268","display_name":"Northwest Institute For Non-Ferrous Metal Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0gmx67","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108268"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768201","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Metal Porous Materials","ror":"https://ror.org/03pzgzb61","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108268","https://openalex.org/I4391768201"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenyang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials, Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research, Weiyang Road 96, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi 710016, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials, Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research, Weiyang Road 96, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi 710016, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108268","https://openalex.org/I4391768201"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137027772","display_name":"Yaning Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108268","display_name":"Northwest Institute For Non-Ferrous Metal Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0gmx67","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108268"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768201","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Metal Porous Materials","ror":"https://ror.org/03pzgzb61","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108268","https://openalex.org/I4391768201"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaning Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials, Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research, Weiyang Road 96, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi 710016, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials, Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research, Weiyang Road 96, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi 710016, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108268","https://openalex.org/I4391768201"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088382230"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108268","https://openalex.org/I4391768201"],"apc_list":{"value":3660,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3660},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1082","issue":null,"first_page":"191440","last_page":"191440"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10024","display_name":"TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10024","display_name":"TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10078","display_name":"Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques","score":0.007000000216066837,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11877","display_name":"Iron oxide chemistry and applications","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoelectrochemical-water-oxidation","display_name":"photoelectrochemical water oxidation","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-porosity","display_name":"gradient porosity","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tio2-nanotubes","display_name":"TiO2 nanotubes","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoanodes","display_name":"photoanodes","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/charge-separation","display_name":"charge separation","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/charge-recombination","display_name":"charge recombination","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carrier-lifetime","display_name":"carrier lifetime","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anodization","display_name":"anodic oxidation","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/built-in-electric-field","display_name":"built-in electric field","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/defect-formation","display_name":"defect formation","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-energy-conversion","display_name":"solar energy conversion","score":0.4779999852180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7979000210762024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22016385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q567502","display_name":"Anodizing","level":3,"score":0.7193999886512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57863236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130571","display_name":"Doping","level":2,"score":0.6858000159263611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777402863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413357","display_name":"Anatase","level":4,"score":0.6783999800682068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104232198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865807","display_name":"Charge carrier","level":2,"score":0.5922999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6648577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622669","display_name":"Porosity","level":2,"score":0.5748000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.5263000130653381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.47540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131584629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4308705","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","level":2,"score":0.45329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.43140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188082385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73792","display_name":"Charge (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4284999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.38839998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186187911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1093894","display_name":"Nanostructure","level":2,"score":0.38429999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3792000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79794668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1616270","display_name":"Heterojunction","level":2,"score":0.34940001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35590869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2697332","display_name":"Water splitting","level":4,"score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98446981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288224","display_name":"Depletion region","level":3,"score":0.3244999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60799052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46221","display_name":"Electric field","level":2,"score":0.30820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159467904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001702","display_name":"Chemical physics","level":1,"score":0.3077999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150708132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744771","display_name":"Charge density","level":2,"score":0.305400013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.305400013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777959998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357222","display_name":"Photoelectrochemistry","level":4,"score":0.3012999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780358262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540423","display_name":"Surface charge","level":2,"score":0.28459998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156695909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3373825","display_name":"Recombination","level":3,"score":0.2678000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541104983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40015","display_name":"Solar energy","level":2,"score":0.2669999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138775182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909960","display_name":"Effective nuclear charge","level":3,"score":0.26019999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19067145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137203","display_name":"Thin film","level":2,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780357685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154357","display_name":"Nano-","level":2,"score":0.2524999976158142}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.191440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.191440","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.191440","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S67716761","display_name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","issn_l":"0925-8388","issn":["0925-8388","1873-4669"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.7096824","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7096824","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7096824","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.7096824","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7096824","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7096824","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9090999960899353,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000842407","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2025CY-YBXM-629","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000843750","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22509160","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970127494","https://openalex.org/W1979544533","https://openalex.org/W1980968412","https://openalex.org/W1987234465","https://openalex.org/W2033410003","https://openalex.org/W2045673627","https://openalex.org/W2083222334","https://openalex.org/W2096747776","https://openalex.org/W2106466904","https://openalex.org/W2138152687","https://openalex.org/W2149217221","https://openalex.org/W2320127406","https://openalex.org/W2546328538","https://openalex.org/W2602514329","https://openalex.org/W2749836666","https://openalex.org/W2891087758","https://openalex.org/W2892060737","https://openalex.org/W2903406175","https://openalex.org/W2987506717","https://openalex.org/W3006514372","https://openalex.org/W3046988229","https://openalex.org/W3048003879","https://openalex.org/W4205592383","https://openalex.org/W4206520168","https://openalex.org/W4212902471","https://openalex.org/W4225374875","https://openalex.org/W4310859556","https://openalex.org/W4313434475","https://openalex.org/W4323926484","https://openalex.org/W4362547108","https://openalex.org/W4380869615","https://openalex.org/W4382794502","https://openalex.org/W4382797768","https://openalex.org/W4382939576","https://openalex.org/W4390607115","https://openalex.org/W4392798803","https://openalex.org/W4393151639","https://openalex.org/W4400836807","https://openalex.org/W4401410651","https://openalex.org/W4402213402","https://openalex.org/W4402316698","https://openalex.org/W4403259588","https://openalex.org/W4407166459","https://openalex.org/W4407270524","https://openalex.org/W4408677122","https://openalex.org/W4409187474","https://openalex.org/W4410483726","https://openalex.org/W4410911018","https://openalex.org/W4410943398","https://openalex.org/W4413403103","https://openalex.org/W7128308456","https://openalex.org/W7134130856"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4408813723","https://openalex.org/W4409810922","https://openalex.org/W4307297976","https://openalex.org/W2758003637","https://openalex.org/W4390086690","https://openalex.org/W4411675769","https://openalex.org/W7213610164","https://openalex.org/W2990513228","https://openalex.org/W3088282373","https://openalex.org/W7207787648"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-09-30T00:00:00"}