{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214727130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.28.754989","title":"Normative Modeling of Molecular-Enriched Functional Connectivity for Detecting Deviations from Healthy Brain Aging","display_name":"Normative Modeling of Molecular-Enriched Functional Connectivity for Detecting Deviations from Healthy Brain Aging","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214727130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.28.754989","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42856517","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13648635"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.28.754989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.28.754989","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.28.754989","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/09/29/2026.09.28.754989.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/09/29/2026.09.28.754989.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119766673","display_name":"Marco Pinamonti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7610-6373","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7610-6373"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","display_name":"University of Padua","ror":"https://ror.org/00240q980","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marco Pinamonti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7610-6373","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042188987","display_name":"Manuela Moretto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4178-1854","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4178-1854"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","display_name":"University of Padua","ror":"https://ror.org/00240q980","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manuela Moretto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy","Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King\u2019s College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4178-1854","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King\u2019s College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093581353","display_name":"Leonard Pieperhoff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9003-4588","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9003-4588"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108594","display_name":"Amsterdam Neuroscience","ror":"https://ror.org/01x2d9f70","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108594"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/008xxew50","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I911458345","display_name":"Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151833","https://openalex.org/I911458345"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leonard Pieperhoff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9003-4588","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108594"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865915315","https://openalex.org/I911458345"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058325387","display_name":"Prithvi Arunachalam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0798-6250","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0798-6250"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108594","display_name":"Amsterdam Neuroscience","ror":"https://ror.org/01x2d9f70","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108594"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/008xxew50","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I911458345","display_name":"Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151833","https://openalex.org/I911458345"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prithvi Arunachalam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0798-6250","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108594"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865915315","https://openalex.org/I911458345"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064378373","display_name":"Frederik Barkhof","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3543-3706","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3543-3706"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108594","display_name":"Amsterdam Neuroscience","ror":"https://ror.org/01x2d9f70","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108594"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260083","display_name":"UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology","ror":"https://ror.org/0370htr03","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I4405260083","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/008xxew50","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I911458345","display_name":"Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151833","https://openalex.org/I911458345"]}],"countries":["GB","NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frederik Barkhof","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom","Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3543-3706","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108594"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260083","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865915315","https://openalex.org/I911458345"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073162343","display_name":"Alle Meije Wink","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8197-0118","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8197-0118"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108594","display_name":"Amsterdam Neuroscience","ror":"https://ror.org/01x2d9f70","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108594"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/008xxew50","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I911458345","display_name":"Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151833","https://openalex.org/I911458345"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alle Meije Wink","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8197-0118","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108594"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865915315","https://openalex.org/I911458345"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021284980","display_name":"Luigi Lorenzini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9756-881X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9756-881X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/008xxew50","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I911458345","display_name":"Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151833","https://openalex.org/I911458345"]}],"countries":["IT","NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luigi Lorenzini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy","Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9756-881X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, UMC Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865915315","https://openalex.org/I911458345"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029739167","display_name":"Mattia Veronese","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3562-0683","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3562-0683"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","display_name":"University of Padua","ror":"https://ror.org/00240q980","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mattia Veronese","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy","Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King\u2019s College London, London, UK","Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padua, Padua, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3562-0683","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King\u2019s College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padua, Padua, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5119766673"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normative-modeling","display_name":"normative modeling","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resting-state-functional-connectivity","display_name":"resting-state functional connectivity","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-aging","display_name":"brain aging","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dopamine-transporter","display_name":"dopamine transporter","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/norepinephrine-transporter","display_name":"norepinephrine transporter","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serotonin-transporter","display_name":"serotonin transporter","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amyloid-burden","display_name":"amyloid burden","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alzheimer-s-disease","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/react","display_name":"React","score":0.5009999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inter-individual-variability","display_name":"interindividual variability","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-dataset-transfer","display_name":"cross-dataset transfer","score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healthy-older-adults","display_name":"healthy older adults","score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-hierarchical-model","display_name":"Bayesian hierarchical model","score":0.6119999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5712000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44725695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288156","display_name":"Normative","level":2,"score":0.567799985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58693492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q551875","display_name":"Neuroimaging","level":2,"score":0.5475999712944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776755682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271947","display_name":"Dopamine transporter","level":4,"score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52338299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1004354","display_name":"Functional neuroimaging","level":3,"score":0.4449000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.4336000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779483572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030","display_name":"Dementia","level":3,"score":0.4284000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017819807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332154","display_name":"Healthy aging","level":2,"score":0.4165000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50231774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639842","display_name":"Brain mapping","level":2,"score":0.4007999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.39399999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776559556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18717","display_name":"Orbitofrontal cortex","level":4,"score":0.39160001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53059260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374758","display_name":"Multilevel model","level":2,"score":0.3856000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99476002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42297","display_name":"Analysis of variance","level":2,"score":0.3659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778897192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410142","display_name":"Serotonin transporter","level":4,"score":0.35600000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22679943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159375","display_name":"Standard deviation","level":2,"score":0.35580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.34869998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48921125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10861030","display_name":"Linear regression","level":2,"score":0.3398999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83546350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139051","display_name":"Regression","level":2,"score":0.3264999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120843803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4955807","display_name":"Brain activity and meditation","level":3,"score":0.3154999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.31540000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.3122999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.29499998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779714222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q550934","display_name":"Putamen","level":2,"score":0.29499998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.29280000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163175372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3339222","display_name":"Linear model","level":2,"score":0.2842000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993858690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744385","display_name":"Temporal cortex","level":2,"score":0.28220000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983163835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749520","display_name":"Frontal cortex","level":2,"score":0.275299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018011982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7316120","display_name":"Functional connectivity","level":2,"score":0.2705000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193244246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5432696","display_name":"False discovery rate","level":3,"score":0.26899999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188321436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1826488","display_name":"General linear model","level":3,"score":0.2619999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.2533999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183905921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1038757","display_name":"Multiple comparisons problem","level":2,"score":0.2533999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66324658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7316120","display_name":"Resting state fMRI","level":2,"score":0.25270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102959455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7313954","display_name":"Repeated measures design","level":2,"score":0.2502000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984915365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141203","display_name":"Cognitive impairment","level":3,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.28.754989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.28.754989","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.28.754989","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/09/29/2026.09.28.754989.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmid:42856517","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42856517","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13648635","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42856517/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.28.754989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.28.754989","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.28.754989","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/09/29/2026.09.28.754989.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1643978601","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BB/H008217/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","funder_display_name":"Medical Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G227026091","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U01AG052564","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332884","funder_display_name":"McDonnell Center for Systems Neuroscience"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3275562924","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BB/H008217/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4675643658","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RC1AG036199","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G545101427","display_name":"Neuroimaging of Dedifferentiation and Memory Across the Lifespan","funder_award_id":"R37AG006265","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Aging"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6532749405","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1U54MH091657","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","funder_display_name":"Medical Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8299918676","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1U54MH091657","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332884","funder_display_name":"McDonnell Center for Systems Neuroscience"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000089182","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1U54\u2010MH\u2010091657","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000276654","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"5R37AG-006265-27","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309650","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332167","display_name":"Directorate for Biological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/001xhss06"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332884","display_name":"McDonnell Center for Systems Neuroscience","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","display_name":"National Institute on Aging","ror":"https://ror.org/049v75w11"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214727130.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214727130.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":82,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493305388","https://openalex.org/W1824528708","https://openalex.org/W1970928383","https://openalex.org/W1984935883","https://openalex.org/W1990134753","https://openalex.org/W1992265439","https://openalex.org/W1997301424","https://openalex.org/W2006096283","https://openalex.org/W2007318901","https://openalex.org/W2020044743","https://openalex.org/W2024729467","https://openalex.org/W2045246746","https://openalex.org/W2072522618","https://openalex.org/W2079973193","https://openalex.org/W2094134651","https://openalex.org/W2096672020","https://openalex.org/W2098866999","https://openalex.org/W2101135654","https://openalex.org/W2110065044","https://openalex.org/W2116967320","https://openalex.org/W2117340355","https://openalex.org/W2130010412","https://openalex.org/W2130915922","https://openalex.org/W2136145485","https://openalex.org/W2136573752","https://openalex.org/W2166866921","https://openalex.org/W2168357345","https://openalex.org/W2229782077","https://openalex.org/W2553251493","https://openalex.org/W2570966348","https://openalex.org/W2591418495","https://openalex.org/W2595643095","https://openalex.org/W2599190942","https://openalex.org/W2766125374","https://openalex.org/W2883617100","https://openalex.org/W2893411620","https://openalex.org/W2896204498","https://openalex.org/W2896555885","https://openalex.org/W2901293907","https://openalex.org/W2920804790","https://openalex.org/W2930497278","https://openalex.org/W2950120067","https://openalex.org/W2951103577","https://openalex.org/W2951583631","https://openalex.org/W2952766316","https://openalex.org/W2961560364","https://openalex.org/W2977883299","https://openalex.org/W3033785808","https://openalex.org/W3134824701","https://openalex.org/W3138510088","https://openalex.org/W3156146497","https://openalex.org/W3173485414","https://openalex.org/W3197362046","https://openalex.org/W4225733845","https://openalex.org/W4241074797","https://openalex.org/W4281649265","https://openalex.org/W4285988197","https://openalex.org/W4306931962","https://openalex.org/W4310496844","https://openalex.org/W4311583297","https://openalex.org/W4327702855","https://openalex.org/W4367597246","https://openalex.org/W4386373863","https://openalex.org/W4393325839","https://openalex.org/W4399363164","https://openalex.org/W4400089962","https://openalex.org/W4400701871","https://openalex.org/W4400875052","https://openalex.org/W4401164724","https://openalex.org/W4404540781","https://openalex.org/W4406269615","https://openalex.org/W4407030442","https://openalex.org/W4408030572","https://openalex.org/W4410414893","https://openalex.org/W4410754935","https://openalex.org/W4415272837","https://openalex.org/W4415276263","https://openalex.org/W4417230616","https://openalex.org/W6893826554","https://openalex.org/W6931627600","https://openalex.org/W7164051817","https://openalex.org/W7172307722"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4415276263","https://openalex.org/W4387895754","https://openalex.org/W4406201011","https://openalex.org/W4206593653","https://openalex.org/W4324019056","https://openalex.org/W2368274995","https://openalex.org/W4416203620","https://openalex.org/W4224300622","https://openalex.org/W2062344037","https://openalex.org/W7165963252"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Introduction":[1],"Inter-individual":[2],"variability":[3],"in":[4,92,117,131,267,272,289,346,366,519,524],"adult":[5],"brain":[6],"aging":[7],"can":[8,354],"obscure":[9],"early":[10],"pathological":[11],"alterations":[12],"and":[13,53,79,129,151,192,333,375,388,425,428,445,514,538],"is":[14],"only":[15],"partly":[16],"represented":[17],"by":[18,31],"population-average":[19],"or":[20,323,336,485,532],"scalar":[21],"brain-aging":[22],"measures.":[23],"We":[24,61],"combined":[25],"Receptor-Enriched":[26],"Analysis":[27],"of":[28,360,397,421,431,480],"functional":[29,58],"Connectivity":[30],"Targets":[32],"(REACT)":[33],"with":[34,88,103,180,206,211,305,340,543],"normative":[35,66,218,423,438,467],"modeling":[36],"(NM)":[37],"to":[38,71,142,146,469,472],"derive":[39],"spatially":[40,356,386,508],"resolved,":[41],"molecularly":[42],"informed":[43],"deviation":[44,85,265],"scores":[45,266,307],"for":[46,111,418],"dopamine":[47],"transporter":[48,51,55],"(DAT)-,":[49],"norepinephrine":[50],"(NET)-,":[52],"serotonin":[54],"(SERT)-enriched":[56],"resting-state":[57],"connectivity":[59],"(FC).":[60],"first":[62],"evaluated":[63,130],"whether":[64,82],"these":[65,328,536],"models":[67,102,138,424,439,454,468],"could":[68],"be":[69,470],"transferred":[70],"independently":[72,367,473],"processed":[73,368,474],"external":[74,369],"data":[75,370,476],"through":[76],"local":[77,372],"calibration":[78],"then":[80],"explored":[81],"the":[83,224,242,247,268,273,290,309,347,456,465,481,493,502,520,525],"resulting":[84],"profiles":[86],"differed":[87],"cerebral":[89],"amyloid":[90,182,398,504],"burden":[91,183,285,518],"cognitively":[93,159,394,498],"unimpaired":[94,395,499],"older":[95],"adults.":[96],"Methods":[97],"Hierarchical":[98,437],"Bayesian":[99],"regression":[100],"(HBR)":[101],"a":[104,132,393,415,507],"sinh\u2013arcsinh":[105],"likelihood":[106],"(SHASHb)":[107],"were":[108,139,546],"estimated":[109],"separately":[110],"204":[112,217,441],"cortical":[113],"molecular-enriched":[114,361,422],"FC":[115,362,447],"features":[116,448],"4,152":[118,450],"healthy":[119,134,451],"adults":[120],"(18.0\u201389.8":[121],"years)":[122],"from":[123],"seven":[124],"publicly":[125],"available":[126],"neuroimaging":[127],"datasets":[128],"held-out":[133,229],"test":[135],"set.":[136],"Pretrained":[137],"locally":[140,263],"adapted":[141],"three":[143,310],"Amyloid":[144],"Imaging":[145],"Prevent":[147],"Alzheimer\u2019s":[148],"Disease":[149],"Prognostic":[150],"Natural":[152],"History":[153],"Study":[154],"(AMYPAD-PNHS)":[155],"acquisition":[156,311],"batches":[157,312],"using":[158],"unimpaired,":[160],"amyloid-negative":[161],"participants":[162,179,194,210],"(global":[163],"Clinical":[164],"Dementia":[165],"Rating":[166],"(CDR)":[167],"=":[168,190,199,278,281,294,297,316,319],"0;":[169],"Centiloid":[170],"(CL)":[171],"<":[172,187],"10).":[173],"The":[174,299,381],"independent":[175,427],"primary":[176,248],"comparison":[177],"contrasted":[178],"intermediate":[181],"(10":[184],"\u2264":[185],"CL":[186,208,212,342,348,404,545],"30;":[188,197],"n":[189,198],"111)":[191],"amyloid-positive":[193,274,526],"(CL":[195],"\u2265":[196,213,349,405],"66);":[200],"secondary":[201],"analyses":[202,402],"tested":[203],"linear":[204,338,410,541],"associations":[205,542],"continuous":[207,341,401,544],"within":[209,403],"10.":[214],"Results":[215],"Of":[216,235],"reference":[219,358],"models,":[220],"199":[221],"(97.5%)":[222],"met":[223,241,455,492],"predefined":[225,457],"diagnostic":[226,459],"criteria;":[227],"median":[228],"explained":[230],"variance":[231],"(EXPV)":[232],"was":[233,286,303],"0.174.":[234],"612":[236],"feature-by-batch":[237],"transfers,":[238],"541":[239],"(88.4%)":[240],"strict":[243,494],"transfer-diagnostic":[244],"criteria.":[245,460,496],"In":[246,497],"false":[249],"discovery":[250],"rate":[251],"(FDR)-controlled":[252],"regional":[253,325,335,442,530],"analysis,":[254],"DAT-enriched":[255,510],"right":[256,300,511],"caudal":[257],"middle":[258],"frontal":[259,301,512],"cortex":[260],"showed":[261],"lower":[262],"standardized":[264,314],"intermediate-amyloid-burden":[269,291,521],"group":[270,275,292,522],"than":[271,523],"(adjusted":[276],"difference":[277,326,513],"\u22120.582,":[279],"q":[280,296,318],"0.016).":[282],"DAT":[283,516],"extreme-deviation":[284,517],"also":[287],"greater":[288,515],"(difference":[293],"0.032,":[295],"0.044).":[298],"effect":[302,315],"reproduced":[304],"model-native":[306],"across":[308,449],"(pooled":[313],"\u22120.698,":[317],"0.010).":[320],"No":[321,528],"NET-":[322],"SERT-enriched":[324,446],"between":[327,535],"two":[329],"groups":[330,537],"survived":[331,344],"FDR-correction,":[332],"no":[334,539],"subject-level":[337],"association":[339],"values":[343],"FDR-correction":[345],"10":[350,406],"group.":[351,527],"Conclusion":[352],"NM":[353],"provide":[355],"resolved":[357],"distributions":[359],"that":[363],"are":[364,379],"deployable":[365],"when":[371],"adaptation,":[373],"calibration,":[374],"feature-level":[376,487],"transfer":[377,495],"diagnostics":[378],"incorporated.":[380],"AMYPAD-PNHS":[382,475,500],"application":[383,420,505],"identified":[384,506],"modest,":[385],"selective,":[387],"molecular-system-specific":[389],"categorical":[390],"differences":[391,534],"during":[392],"stage":[396],"accumulation,":[399],"while":[400],"did":[407],"not":[408],"support":[409,414],"association.":[411],"These":[412],"findings":[413],"methodological":[416],"basis":[417],"distributed":[419],"motivate":[426],"longitudinal":[429],"evaluation":[430],"their":[432],"biological":[433],"relevance.":[434],"Key":[435],"Points":[436],"characterized":[440],"DAT-,":[443],"NET-,":[444],"adults;":[452],"199/204":[453],"normative-reference-model":[458],"Local":[461],"hierarchical":[462],"adaptation":[463],"enabled":[464],"pretrained":[466],"applied":[471],"without":[477],"centralized":[478],"reprocessing":[479],"target":[482],"raw":[483],"images":[484],"explicit":[486],"harmonization;":[488],"541/612":[489],"feature\u2013batch":[490],"transfers":[491],"participants,":[501],"exploratory":[503],"selective":[509],"FDR-corrected":[529,540],"NET":[531],"SERT":[533],"identified.":[547]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-09-30T00:00:00"}
