{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214711170","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.29.26364257","title":"COMMUNITY KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS POLIO IMMUNIZATION IN NORTHERN NIGERIA","display_name":"COMMUNITY KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS POLIO IMMUNIZATION IN NORTHERN NIGERIA","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214711170","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.29.26364257"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.29.26364257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.29.26364257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.29.26364257","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/09/29/2026.09.29.26364257.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/09/29/2026.09.29.26364257.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153448081","display_name":"Auwal Gidado Muhammad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109391","display_name":"Sa'adu Zungur University","ror":"https://ror.org/02mg7se45","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109391"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Auwal Gidado","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Public Health, College of Health Technology Ningi, Bauchi State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Public Health, College of Health Technology Ningi, Bauchi State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153415991","display_name":"Ifeoma Okoye Abar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104124","display_name":"Medical Laboratory Science Council of Nigeria","ror":"https://ror.org/0174y3381","country_code":"NG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104124"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abar Okoye Ifeoma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Laboratory Science Council of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Laboratory Science Council of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104124"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153434766","display_name":"Halimat Sule","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suke Halimat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peace Restoration and Integral Global Development Initiative (PRIDE Initiative), Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peace Restoration and Integral Global Development Initiative (PRIDE Initiative), Nigeria","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5153448081"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109391"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10833","display_name":"Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10833","display_name":"Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11112","display_name":"Viral Infections and Immunology Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10209","display_name":"Global Maternal and Child Health","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polio-vaccination","display_name":"polio vaccination","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poliomyelitis","display_name":"poliomyelitis","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circulating-vaccine-derived-poliovirus","display_name":"circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-knowledge","display_name":"community knowledge","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccine-attitudes","display_name":"vaccine attitudes","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-rural-differences","display_name":"urban-rural differences","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/northern-nigeria","display_name":"Northern Nigeria","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-information-sources","display_name":"health information sources","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-communication","display_name":"risk communication","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-care-integration","display_name":"primary care integration","score":0.8880000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4870876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12195","display_name":"Poliomyelitis","level":2,"score":0.8327999711036682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778281468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299260","display_name":"Local government area","level":3,"score":0.5601999759674072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776269092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1611074","display_name":"Residence","level":2,"score":0.5575000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5568000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.5508000254631042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5267000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779631682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12438936","display_name":"Poliovirus","level":3,"score":0.5210999846458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151492266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7209788","display_name":"Poliomyelitis eradication","level":4,"score":0.503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.49720001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4851999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129047720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175185","display_name":"Rural area","level":2,"score":0.4846000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909513299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519099","display_name":"Polio Vaccination","level":4,"score":0.4657000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.4388999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1415366","display_name":"Immunization","level":3,"score":0.4180999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45355965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643441","display_name":"Socioeconomics","level":1,"score":0.415800005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22070199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192995","display_name":"Vaccination","level":2,"score":0.39800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778719706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6501447","display_name":"Local government","level":2,"score":0.3944999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.3846000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.3628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776918728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183366","display_name":"Federal capital territory","level":2,"score":0.36039999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775951005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3473024","display_name":"Community health","level":3,"score":0.33009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106192422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736798","display_name":"Herd immunity","level":3,"score":0.3127000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776811989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519099","display_name":"Polio vaccine","level":3,"score":0.3025999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.30160000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.30090001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.29760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779455803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q490933","display_name":"Local community","level":2,"score":0.28949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.27559998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986257353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3821752","display_name":"Rural community","level":2,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6423378","display_name":"Knowledge level","level":2,"score":0.26600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.2563000023365021}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.29.26364257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.29.26364257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.29.26364257","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/09/29/2026.09.29.26364257.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.29.26364257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.29.26364257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.29.26364257","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/09/29/2026.09.29.26364257.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214711170.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214711170.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1602646834","https://openalex.org/W2056209106","https://openalex.org/W2077084034","https://openalex.org/W2092572089","https://openalex.org/W2795485668","https://openalex.org/W2969337440"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2181911551","https://openalex.org/W2549852561","https://openalex.org/W4404551157","https://openalex.org/W2992706108","https://openalex.org/W7125981121","https://openalex.org/W4225916446","https://openalex.org/W2482674795","https://openalex.org/W4412083878","https://openalex.org/W2069789924","https://openalex.org/W2811057237"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Background":[1],"Poliomyelitis":[2],"remains":[3],"a":[4],"public":[5],"health":[6,154],"concern":[7],"where":[8],"population":[9],"immunity":[10],"is":[11],"incomplete":[12],"and":[13,48,62,85,157,179,183],"circulating":[14],"vaccine-derived":[15],"poliovirus":[16,23],"(cVDPV)":[17],"persists.":[18],"Although":[19],"Nigeria":[20],"interrupted":[21],"wild":[22],"transmission":[24],"in":[25,34,59,119,134,164],"2020,":[26],"cVDPV":[27],"cases":[28],"continue":[29],"to":[30,74,132],"pose":[31],"challenges,":[32],"particularly":[33],"parts":[35],"of":[36,94,126,151],"Northern":[37,166],"Nigeria.":[38],"Methods":[39],"This":[40],"multicentre":[41],"descriptive":[42],"cross-sectional":[43],"study":[44],"evaluated":[45],"community":[46],"knowledge":[47,128],"attitudes":[49,106],"towards":[50,107],"polio":[51,108],"immunization":[52],"across":[53,115],"37":[54],"Local":[55],"Government":[56],"Areas":[57],"(LGAs)":[58],"20":[60],"states":[61],"the":[63],"Federal":[64],"Capital":[65],"Territory":[66],"(FCT).":[67],"A":[68,110],"multistage":[69],"sampling":[70],"strategy":[71],"was":[72,113],"utilized":[73],"select":[75],"1,850":[76],"adult":[77],"respondents":[78,95,118],"(50":[79],"per":[80],"LGA)":[81],"spanning":[82],"rural,":[83],"semi-urban,":[84],"urban":[86],"settlements.":[87],"Results":[88],"Overall,":[89],"40.4%":[90],"(n":[91,101],"=":[92,102,141,144],"747)":[93],"demonstrated":[96],"good":[97,127],"knowledge,":[98],"while":[99],"58.4%":[100],"1,080)":[103],"displayed":[104],"positive":[105],"immunization.":[109],"striking":[111],"disparity":[112],"observed":[114],"residence":[116],"classifications:":[117],"urban/semi-urban":[120],"LGAs":[121,136],"exhibited":[122],"significantly":[123],"higher":[124],"levels":[125],"(51.7%,":[129],"569/1,100)":[130],"compared":[131],"those":[133],"rural":[135,165],"(23.7%,":[137],"178/750;":[138],"\u03c7":[139],"2":[140],"144.00,":[142],"df":[143],"1,":[145],"p":[146],"<":[147],"0.001).":[148],"Main":[149],"sources":[150],"information":[152],"were":[153],"workers":[155],"(33.0%)":[156],"radio":[158],"(21.1%).":[159],"Conclusion":[160],"Knowledge":[161],"deficits":[162],"persist":[163],"Nigerian":[167],"communities":[168],"despite":[169],"favorable":[170],"attitudes.":[171],"Interventions":[172],"must":[173],"prioritize":[174],"localized":[175],"risk":[176],"communication,":[177],"traditional":[178],"religious":[180],"leadership":[181],"involvement,":[182],"primary":[184],"healthcare":[185],"integration.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-09-30T00:00:00"}
