{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214705139","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.10404","title":"Lithography-free in situ photonic inverse design","display_name":"Lithography-free in situ photonic inverse design","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214705139","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.10404"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.10404","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.10404","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.10404","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.10404","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5140825055","display_name":"Yiqi Zhao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhao, Yiqi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Applied and Engineering Physics , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Applied and Engineering Physics , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128134844","display_name":"Martin Stein","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092597","display_name":"NTT (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/004cn7092","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219","https://openalex.org/I4210092597"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stein, Martin M.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physics & Informatics Laboratories , NTT Research, Inc. , Sunnyvale , CA 94085 , USA","School of Applied and Engineering Physics , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics & Informatics Laboratories , NTT Research, Inc. , Sunnyvale , CA 94085 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092597"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Applied and Engineering Physics , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5140840461","display_name":"Fan O. Wu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wu, Fan O.","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Applied and Engineering Physics , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Applied and Engineering Physics , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020194542","display_name":"Ryotatsu Yanagimoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9609-0076","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9609-0076"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092597","display_name":"NTT (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/004cn7092","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219","https://openalex.org/I4210092597"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanagimoto, Ryotatsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physics & Informatics Laboratories , NTT Research, Inc. , Sunnyvale , CA 94085 , USA","School of Applied and Engineering Physics , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics & Informatics Laboratories , NTT Research, Inc. , Sunnyvale , CA 94085 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092597"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Applied and Engineering Physics , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113139297","display_name":"Benjamin A. Ash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5745-7647","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5745-7647"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ash, Benjamin A.","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Applied and Engineering Physics , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Applied and Engineering Physics , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078627592","display_name":"Mandar M. Sohoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1008-3869","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1008-3869"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sohoni, Mandar M.","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Applied and Engineering Physics , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Applied and Engineering Physics , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5156275380","display_name":"Logan G. Wright","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092597","display_name":"NTT (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/004cn7092","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219","https://openalex.org/I4210092597"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wright, Logan G.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physics & Informatics Laboratories , NTT Research, Inc. , Sunnyvale , CA 94085 , USA","School of Applied and Engineering Physics , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics & Informatics Laboratories , NTT Research, Inc. , Sunnyvale , CA 94085 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092597"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Applied and Engineering Physics , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002721065","display_name":"Tatsuhiro Onodera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6912-6504","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6912-6504"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Onodera, Tatsuhiro","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064735957","display_name":"Peter L. McMahon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1177-9887","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1177-9887"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"McMahon, Peter L.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA","School of Applied and Engineering Physics , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Applied and Engineering Physics , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10245","display_name":"Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications","score":0.5131999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10245","display_name":"Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications","score":0.5131999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.24300000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11050","display_name":"Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics","score":0.1266999989748001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photonic-inverse-design","display_name":"photonic inverse design","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programmable-photonics","display_name":"programmable photonics","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-situ-training","display_name":"in situ training","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refractive-index-tuning","display_name":"refractive index tuning","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix-vector-multiplication","display_name":"matrix-vector multiplication","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength-demultiplexing","display_name":"wavelength demultiplexing","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crosstalk","display_name":"crosstalk","score":0.5740000009536743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519991488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28865","display_name":"Python (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.7674000263214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7059000134468079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.5182999968528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4586000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.43549999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.4156999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4059000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3495999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97250363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235557","display_name":"File format","level":2,"score":0.33820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162319229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175263","display_name":"Data structure","level":2,"score":0.32269999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96147967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190686","display_name":"Subroutine","level":2,"score":0.32199999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.31040000915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199519371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942695","display_name":"Source lines of code","level":3,"score":0.30169999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.2897000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81147070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172449","display_name":"Encapsulation (networking)","level":2,"score":0.2831000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2825999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.28200000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139968098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3055454","display_name":"Development environment","level":2,"score":0.2777999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151201525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2732999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.2727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544833334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2005","display_name":"JavaScript","level":2,"score":0.26919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37789001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q782543","display_name":"Graphical user interface","level":2,"score":0.2615000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.2581999897956848}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.10404","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.10404","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.10404","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2610.10404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.10404","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.10404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22293275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22293275","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22293275","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22293276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22293276","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22293276","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.10404","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.10404","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.10404","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2335928686","display_name":"Expeditions: Coherent Ising Machines for Optimization, Machine Learning and Neuromorphic Computing","funder_award_id":"1918549","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G683881297","display_name":"NNCI: Cornell NanoScale Science and Technology Facility (CNF)","funder_award_id":"2025233","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","display_name":"Office of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00mmn6b08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214705139.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214705139.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4405967717","https://openalex.org/W4416065548"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7115931090","https://openalex.org/W2789750331","https://openalex.org/W7130407773","https://openalex.org/W7117987414","https://openalex.org/W7167634399","https://openalex.org/W2982955512","https://openalex.org/W7162555425","https://openalex.org/W4390189542","https://openalex.org/W7095696635","https://openalex.org/W7153081214"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Inverse":[0],"design":[1,82],"has":[2,46],"emerged":[3,47],"as":[4,48,181,183],"a":[5,94,101,122,140],"powerful":[6],"engineering":[7,192],"approach":[8,50],"in":[9,73,90,111,114,231],"nanophotonics,":[10],"leading":[11],"to":[12,51,67,99,145],"devices":[13,24,57,63,113],"with":[14,128,139,173,214],"unintuitive":[15],"designs":[16],"that":[17,105],"extend":[18],"beyond":[19],"human":[20],"intuition.":[21],"However,":[22],"inverse-designed":[23],"have":[25,64,68,108],"been":[26,65,109],"limited":[27],"by":[28],"costly":[29],"and":[30,36,167,179,205,211,235],"time-consuming":[31],"fabrication":[32],"iterations,":[33],"simulation-reality":[34],"gaps,":[35],"the":[37,53,115,132,136,150,201,220,229,241,245],"fixed":[38],"nature":[39],"of":[40,55,71,83,93,103,135,143,149,176,193,217],"etched":[41],"devices.":[42],"Separately,":[43],"programmable":[44],"photonics":[45],"an":[49],"modify":[52],"function":[54,226],"photonic":[56,243],"after":[58,227],"fabrication;":[59],"recent":[60],"free-form":[61,96],"programmable-photonic":[62,97],"scaled":[66],"many":[69],"degrees":[70],"freedom,":[72],"principle":[74],"providing":[75],"platforms":[76],"well-suited":[77],"for":[78,147,224],"programmably":[79],"realizing":[80],"inverse":[81],"conventional":[84,116],"linear-photonic":[85],"functions.":[86],"Here":[87],"we":[88],"demonstrate":[89,155,191],"situ":[91],"training":[92],"single":[95],"device":[98,221,232,246],"achieve":[100],"variety":[102],"functions":[104,244],"each":[106,148,225],"would":[107],"implemented":[110],"separate":[112],"inverse-design":[117],"paradigm.":[118],"Our":[119],"platform":[120],"is":[121,222,247],"thin-film":[123],"lithium":[124],"niobate":[125],"slab":[126],"waveguide":[127],"full":[129],"programmability":[130],"over":[131],"refractive":[133],"index":[134],"two-dimensional":[137],"slab,":[138],"tuning":[141],"range":[142],"up":[144],"1.7e-3":[146],"10^4":[151],"effective":[152],"pixels.":[153],"We":[154,189],"4":[156,158,161,163,184,186],"x":[157,162,169,185],"Gaussian-mode":[159,171],"permutations,":[160,172],"Hermite-Gaussian":[164],"mode":[165],"demultiplexing,":[166],"8":[168,170],"maximum":[174,215],"crosstalk":[175,216],"-27dB,":[177],"-13dB,":[178,180],"well":[182],"matrix-vector":[187],"multiplication.":[188],"further":[190],"spectral":[194],"responses,":[195],"showcasing":[196],"both":[197],"wavelength-independent":[198],"operation":[199],"throughout":[200],"1500-1600":[202],"nm":[203,210],"window":[204],"wavelength":[206],"demultiplexing":[207],"between":[208],"1310":[209],"1550":[212],"nm,":[213],"-8.4dB.":[218],"Since":[219],"reconfigured":[223],"fabrication,":[228,233],"investment":[230],"characterization,":[234],"calibration":[236],"can":[237],"be":[238],"amortized":[239],"across":[240],"various":[242],"ultimately":[248],"used":[249],"for.":[250]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-09-30T00:00:00"}
