{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214700784","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zyrdk_v4","title":"Distinct neural representations of perceptual and numerical absence in the human brain","display_name":"Distinct neural representations of perceptual and numerical absence in the human brain","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214700784","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zyrdk_v4"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.31234/osf.io/zyrdk_v4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zyrdk_v4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zyrdk_v4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401687","display_name":"PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zyrdk_v4","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082760515","display_name":"Benjy Barnett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4123-5693","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4123-5693"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjy Barnett","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4123-5693","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082377107","display_name":"Stephen M. Fleming","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0233-4891","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0233-4891","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1885-4405"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen M Fleming","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11345","display_name":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11345","display_name":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/absence","display_name":"absence","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero","display_name":"zero","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-representation","display_name":"neural representations","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empty-set","display_name":"empty set","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multivariate-decoding","display_name":"multivariate decoding","score":0.7089999914169312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.7734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556910895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q384188","display_name":"Magnetoencephalography","level":3,"score":0.676800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5375000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.5231000185012817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94487597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11101","display_name":"Sensory system","level":2,"score":0.4717000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.4681999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33640556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2459671","display_name":"Categorical perception","level":4,"score":0.46700000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22033958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7167036","display_name":"Perceptual learning","level":3,"score":0.4496999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.4226999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4196999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.39640000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207201462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182505","display_name":"Bayes' theorem","level":3,"score":0.3955000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.38530001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3573000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.3483999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781162219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26250693","display_name":"Replicate","level":2,"score":0.34769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777670902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492038","display_name":"Human brain","level":2,"score":0.334199994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28063669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7167042","display_name":"Perceptual system","level":3,"score":0.32100000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66746571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134833","display_name":"ENCODE","level":3,"score":0.30309998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48164120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4491893","display_name":"Concept learning","level":2,"score":0.3003999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.2994999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120843803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4955807","display_name":"Brain activity and meditation","level":3,"score":0.2930000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.289000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.28859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.27869999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129564537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1460873","display_name":"Neural correlates of consciousness","level":3,"score":0.2782000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.26339998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58693492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q551875","display_name":"Neuroimaging","level":2,"score":0.25380000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152478114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660910","display_name":"Neurophysiology","level":2,"score":0.25209999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2508000135421753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.31234/osf.io/zyrdk_v4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zyrdk_v4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zyrdk_v4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401687","display_name":"PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.31234/osf.io/zyrdk_v4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zyrdk_v4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zyrdk_v4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401687","display_name":"PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4401077850","https://openalex.org/W4391346434","https://openalex.org/W4205542840","https://openalex.org/W6980509965","https://openalex.org/W2118182459","https://openalex.org/W6944078948","https://openalex.org/W3175913287","https://openalex.org/W2400301150","https://openalex.org/W4416780418","https://openalex.org/W6943464899"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"ability":[1],"to":[2,7,13,89,135,170,187],"represent":[3],"absences":[4,15,65,156],"is":[5],"fundamental":[6],"human":[8,75,185],"perception":[9,167],"and":[10,58,63,98,104,120,157,168,175,190],"cognition.":[11],"Sensitivity":[12],"perceptual":[14,62,97,139,155],"depends":[16],"on":[17,67],"inferring":[18],"a":[19,28,41,54,164],"lack":[20,29],"of":[21,27,30,47,56,93,112,115,130,173,192],"sensory":[22],"evidence,":[23],"enabling":[24],"the":[25,45,48,74,171,179,184],"recognition":[26],"environmental":[31],"resources":[32],"or":[33,69],"other":[34],"objects.":[35],"In":[36,123],"turn,":[37],"encoding":[38],"absence":[39,94,117,132,174],"as":[40],"concept":[42],"\u2013":[43,51],"in":[44,73],"form":[46],"number":[49],"zero":[50],"has":[52],"enabled":[53],"multitude":[55],"technological":[57],"mathematical":[59],"advances.":[60],"Whether":[61],"conceptual":[64],"rely":[66],"overlapping":[68],"distinct":[70,134],"neural":[71,91],"representations":[72,92,114,129],"brain,":[76],"however,":[77],"remains":[78],"unknown.":[79],"We":[80],"employed":[81,182],"three":[82],"different":[83,180],"tasks":[84],"together":[85],"with":[86],"magnetoencephalography":[87],"(MEG)":[88],"characterise":[90],"evoked":[95,137],"within":[96],"numerical":[99,116,131],"domains.":[100],"Using":[101],"multivariate":[102],"decoding":[103],"Bayes":[105],"factor":[106],"analyses,":[107],"we":[108,125],"replicate":[109],"previous":[110],"findings":[111],"shared":[113],"across":[118],"symbolic":[119],"non-symbolic":[121,158],"formats.":[122],"contrast,":[124],"show":[126],"that":[127],"these":[128],"are":[133],"those":[136],"by":[138,183],"absences.":[140,193],"This":[141],"result":[142],"held":[143],"even":[144],"after":[145],"controlling":[146],"for":[147],"stimulus-level":[148],"confounds":[149],"which":[150],"generate":[151],"surface-level":[152],"similarities":[153],"between":[154,166],"empty":[159],"sets.":[160],"Our":[161],"results":[162],"extend":[163],"boundary":[165],"cognition":[169],"domain":[172],"provide":[176],"insight":[177],"into":[178],"mechanisms":[181],"brain":[186],"both":[188],"perceive":[189],"conceive":[191]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-09-30T00:00:00"}
