{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214644596","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology15191712","title":"Bioconversion of Agricultural Residues into Nutrient-Enriched Biofertilizers Using Trichoderma sp.: Effects of Substrate Type and Incubation Time","display_name":"Bioconversion of Agricultural Residues into Nutrient-Enriched Biofertilizers Using Trichoderma sp.: Effects of Substrate Type and Incubation Time","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214644596","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology15191712","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42883385","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13663401"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/biology15191712","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology15191712","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology15191712","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153489431","display_name":"Biology","issn_l":"2079-7737","issn":["2079-7737"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology15191712","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007279491","display_name":"Oluwaseyi Matthew Abioye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1108-4970","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1108-4970"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I304664074","display_name":"Landmark University","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw4zv66","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I304664074"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oluwaseyi Matthew Abioye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural and Bio-Systems Engineering, Landmark University, Omu-Aran PMB 1001, Kwara State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1108-4970","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Bio-Systems Engineering, Landmark University, Omu-Aran PMB 1001, Kwara State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I304664074"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022637610","display_name":"Oluwaseun Temitope Faloye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1251-946X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1251-946X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I304664074","display_name":"Landmark University","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw4zv66","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I304664074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43427933","display_name":"Federal University Oye Ekiti","ror":"https://ror.org/02q5h6807","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43427933"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oluwaseun Temitope Faloye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Landmark University, Omu-Aran PMB 1001, Kwara State, Nigeria","Department of Water Resources Management and Agrometeorology, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti PMB 373, Ekiti State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Landmark University, Omu-Aran PMB 1001, Kwara State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I304664074"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Water Resources Management and Agrometeorology, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti PMB 373, Ekiti State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43427933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103802038","display_name":"Kamorudeen Olaniyi Yusuf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2338-5882","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2338-5882"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134542131","display_name":"University of Ilorin","ror":"https://ror.org/032kdwk38","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134542131"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamorudeen Olaniyi Yusuf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural and Bio-Systems Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin PMB 1515, Kwara State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Bio-Systems Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin PMB 1515, Kwara State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134542131"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153229576","display_name":"Praise Iyeke","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I304664074","display_name":"Landmark University","ror":"https://ror.org/04gw4zv66","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I304664074"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Praise Iyeke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural and Bio-Systems Engineering, Landmark University, Omu-Aran PMB 1001, Kwara State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Bio-Systems Engineering, Landmark University, Omu-Aran PMB 1001, Kwara State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I304664074"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5099099740","display_name":"Laemthong Laokhongthavorn","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91538806","display_name":"King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang","ror":"https://ror.org/055mf0v62","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91538806"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laemthong Laokhongthavorn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Excellent Centre for Green and Sustainable Infrastructure, School of Engineering, King Mongkut\u2019s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Excellent Centre for Green and Sustainable Infrastructure, School of Engineering, King Mongkut\u2019s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91538806"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002167305","display_name":"Peter P. Ikubanni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2710-1130","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2710-1130"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200433483","display_name":"Bowen University","ror":"https://ror.org/02avtbn34","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200433483"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Pelumi Ikubanni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Bowen University, Iwo PMB 23401, Osun State, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2710-1130","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Bowen University, Iwo PMB 23401, Osun State, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200433483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038741329","display_name":"Viroon Kamchoom\u202c","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0152-4557","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0152-4557"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91538806","display_name":"King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang","ror":"https://ror.org/055mf0v62","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91538806"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Viroon Kamchoom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Excellent Centre for Green and Sustainable Infrastructure, School of Engineering, King Mongkut\u2019s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0152-4557","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Excellent Centre for Green and Sustainable Infrastructure, School of Engineering, King Mongkut\u2019s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91538806"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038741329"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91538806"],"apc_list":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"apc_paid":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65051528,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"19","first_page":"1712","last_page":"1712"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13246","display_name":"Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management","score":0.92330002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13246","display_name":"Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management","score":0.92330002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11275","display_name":"Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques","score":0.05990000069141388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":0.004900000058114529,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trichoderma","display_name":"Trichoderma","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biofertilizer-production","display_name":"biofertilizer production","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-residues","display_name":"agricultural residues","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sawdust","display_name":"sawdust","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rice-husk","display_name":"rice husk","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incubation-time","display_name":"incubation time","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substrate-type","display_name":"substrate type","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-accumulation","display_name":"nitrogen accumulation","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phosphorus-accumulation","display_name":"phosphorus accumulation","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/potassium-accumulation","display_name":"potassium accumulation","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propagule-density","display_name":"propagule density","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waste-valorization","display_name":"waste valorization","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutrient-cycling","display_name":"nutrient cycling","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-fertility-management","display_name":"soil fertility management","score":0.8650000095367432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192039558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3595890","display_name":"Biofertilizer","level":2,"score":0.8657000064849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.604200005531311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C510538283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q674","display_name":"Phosphorus","level":2,"score":0.5404999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5133000016212463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780214302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135322","display_name":"Trichoderma","level":2,"score":0.5091999769210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25642318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1992532","display_name":"Incubation","level":2,"score":0.4562000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75296557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14524280","display_name":"Husk","level":2,"score":0.4221999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777289219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7632154","display_name":"Substrate (aquarium)","level":2,"score":0.4043000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105462344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17142554","display_name":"Nutrient management","level":3,"score":0.3971000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780739461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212254","display_name":"Compost","level":2,"score":0.3750999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780074830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864423","display_name":"Bioconversion","level":3,"score":0.3716999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38304854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185716","display_name":"Manure","level":2,"score":0.3605000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83323","display_name":"Fertilizer","level":2,"score":0.3199000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537208039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627","display_name":"Nitrogen","level":2,"score":0.3095000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134643618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q799856","display_name":"Bagasse","level":2,"score":0.29490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.29330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.2849999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121677567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73425","display_name":"Microbial inoculant","level":3,"score":0.2768000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144938864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927286","display_name":"Randomized block design","level":2,"score":0.2759999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12534583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10564271","display_name":"Potash","level":3,"score":0.259799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C517785266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q703","display_name":"Potassium","level":2,"score":0.2596000134944916}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/biology15191712","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology15191712","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology15191712","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153489431","display_name":"Biology","issn_l":"2079-7737","issn":["2079-7737"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13663401","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13663401/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13663401/pdf/biology-15-01712.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biology (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42883385","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42883385","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a81e45fcdffc4747aa65c52dec33fcf1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a81e45fcdffc4747aa65c52dec33fcf1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Biology, Vol 15, Iss 19, p 1712 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/biology15191712","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology15191712","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology15191712","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S153489431","display_name":"Biology","issn_l":"2079-7737","issn":["2079-7737"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.991100013256073}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214644596.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214644596.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1180669467","https://openalex.org/W1983981518","https://openalex.org/W1986778589","https://openalex.org/W2007101778","https://openalex.org/W2020023668","https://openalex.org/W2022573593","https://openalex.org/W2030452223","https://openalex.org/W2039655163","https://openalex.org/W2064099810","https://openalex.org/W2069519168","https://openalex.org/W2106854637","https://openalex.org/W2111924154","https://openalex.org/W2117933268","https://openalex.org/W2124424782","https://openalex.org/W2147829453","https://openalex.org/W2153199371","https://openalex.org/W2556738618","https://openalex.org/W2767925317","https://openalex.org/W2799698958","https://openalex.org/W2930614361","https://openalex.org/W2996037552","https://openalex.org/W3021736671","https://openalex.org/W3087733391","https://openalex.org/W4282917959","https://openalex.org/W4301355522","https://openalex.org/W4327583107","https://openalex.org/W4360615396","https://openalex.org/W4392349742","https://openalex.org/W4393493365","https://openalex.org/W4394785078","https://openalex.org/W4400418793","https://openalex.org/W4403390134","https://openalex.org/W4404487111","https://openalex.org/W4407833674","https://openalex.org/W4409198822","https://openalex.org/W7133482579","https://openalex.org/W7135055999","https://openalex.org/W7160246932","https://openalex.org/W7162577428","https://openalex.org/W7204959071"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2996043507","https://openalex.org/W4414617798","https://openalex.org/W4414531510","https://openalex.org/W2018857562","https://openalex.org/W4385069200","https://openalex.org/W7170425331","https://openalex.org/W4407792816","https://openalex.org/W7204862510","https://openalex.org/W7170294539","https://openalex.org/W4401946410"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Improper":[0],"disposal":[1],"or":[2],"open":[3],"burning":[4],"of":[5,24,47,58,109,122,137,161],"agricultural":[6,25,48,200,224],"waste":[7,37,49],"releases":[8],"smoke,":[9],"particulate":[10],"matter,":[11],"and":[12,19,39,51,67,79,86,99,105,142,222,232],"greenhouse":[13],"gases,":[14],"contributing":[15],"to":[16,36,107],"air":[17],"pollution":[18],"climate":[20],"change.":[21],"The":[22,111,192],"utilization":[23],"wastes":[26],"as":[27],"substrates":[28,78],"for":[29,147,217],"biofertilizer":[30,61,112],"production":[31,225],"offers":[32],"a":[33,118,159,214],"sustainable":[34,218],"approach":[35],"valorization":[38],"nutrient":[40,56,149,209],"recycling.":[41],"This":[42,211],"study":[43],"evaluated":[44],"the":[45,55,173,184],"effects":[46,136],"type":[50,207,230],"contact":[52,140],"time":[53],"on":[54,228],"composition":[57],"Trichoderma":[59,196],"sp.-based":[60],"produced":[62,183],"from":[63],"sawdust,":[64],"rice":[65],"husk,":[66],"guinea":[68,164],"corn":[69,165],"husk.":[70],"A":[71],"factorial":[72],"experiment":[73],"was":[74],"conducted":[75],"using":[76],"four":[77,80],"incubation":[81,156,233],"periods":[82],"(0,":[83],"5,":[84],"10,":[85],"15":[87,168,179,190],"days).":[88],"Nutrient":[89],"parameters,":[90],"including":[91],"total":[92],"nitrogen":[93,153],"(TN":[94],"%),":[95,98,102],"phosphorus":[96,175],"(P":[97],"potassium":[100,186],"(K":[101],"were":[103,145],"determined":[104],"subjected":[106],"analysis":[108],"variance.":[110],"exhibited":[113],"high":[114],"microbial":[115],"viability,":[116],"with":[117,155,205],"highest":[119,174],"propagule":[120],"density":[121],"6.46":[123],"\u00d7":[124],"1011":[125],"CFU":[126],"ml\u22121,":[127],"indicating":[128],"successful":[129],"fungal":[130],"colonization.":[131],"Significant":[132],"(p":[133],"<":[134],"0.0001)":[135],"substrate":[138,206,229],"type,":[139],"time,":[141,157],"their":[143],"interaction":[144],"observed":[146],"all":[148],"parameter":[150],"accumulation.":[151],"Total":[152],"increased":[154],"reaching":[158],"maximum":[160],"0.901%":[162],"in":[163],"husk":[166,171],"after":[167],"days.":[169,191],"Rice":[170],"recorded":[172],"concentration":[176,187],"(2.497%)":[177],"at":[178,189],"days,":[180],"while":[181],"sawdust":[182],"greatest":[185],"(2.389%)":[188],"results":[193],"indicate":[194],"that":[195],"sp.":[197],"effectively":[198],"bio-converts":[199],"residues":[201],"into":[202],"nutrient-rich":[203],"biofertilizers,":[204],"influencing":[208],"profiles.":[210],"technology":[212],"represents":[213],"promising":[215],"strategy":[216],"soil":[219],"fertility":[220],"management":[221],"circular":[223],"systems,":[226],"depending":[227],"used":[231],"time.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-09-29T00:00:00"}
