{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214595209","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.117081","title":"Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and C-reactive Protein Serve As Biomarkers of Joint Health in Severe Haemophilia A: A Cross-Sectional Study From India","display_name":"Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and C-reactive Protein Serve As Biomarkers of Joint Health in Severe Haemophilia A: A Cross-Sectional Study From India","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214595209","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.117081","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42953485","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13716141"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.117081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.117081","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.117081","pdf_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/532817-serum-vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-and-c-reactive-protein-serve-as-biomarkers-of-joint-health-in-severe-haemophilia-a-a-cross-sectional-study-from-india.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/532817-serum-vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-and-c-reactive-protein-serve-as-biomarkers-of-joint-health-in-severe-haemophilia-a-a-cross-sectional-study-from-india.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020620505","display_name":"Sukrita Bhattacharjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8461-6950","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8461-6950"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802271162","display_name":"Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02b1bn727","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802271162"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68428275","display_name":"Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata","ror":"https://ror.org/021nb2v44","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I226431899","https://openalex.org/I68428275"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sukrita Bhattacharjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Haematology, Medical College, Kolkata, Kolkata, IND","Haematology/Haematology oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, IND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Haematology, Medical College, Kolkata, Kolkata, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68428275"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Haematology/Haematology oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802271162"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010044166","display_name":"Shouriyo Ghosh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2804-7815","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2804-7815"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089010","display_name":"Tata Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/006vzad83","country_code":"IN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089010"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shouriyo Ghosh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Haematology and Cellular Therapies, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, IND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Haematology and Cellular Therapies, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089010"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153287772","display_name":"Jyoti Shaw","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68428275","display_name":"Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata","ror":"https://ror.org/021nb2v44","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I226431899","https://openalex.org/I68428275"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jyoti Shaw","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Haematology, Medical College, Kolkata, Kolkata, IND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Haematology, Medical College, Kolkata, Kolkata, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68428275"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136412750","display_name":"Sudip Roy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68428275","display_name":"Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata","ror":"https://ror.org/021nb2v44","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I226431899","https://openalex.org/I68428275"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sudip Roy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Haematology, Medical College, Kolkata, Kolkata, IND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Haematology, Medical College, Kolkata, Kolkata, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68428275"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111596657","display_name":"Siddhartha Sankar Ray","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4464-417X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4464-417X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68428275","display_name":"Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata","ror":"https://ror.org/021nb2v44","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I226431899","https://openalex.org/I68428275"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siddhartha S Ray","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Haematology, Medical College, Kolkata, Kolkata, IND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Haematology, Medical College, Kolkata, Kolkata, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68428275"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153356202","display_name":"Maitreyee Bhattacharyya","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68428275","display_name":"Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata","ror":"https://ror.org/021nb2v44","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I226431899","https://openalex.org/I68428275"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maitreyee Bhattacharyya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Haematology, Medical College, Kolkata, Kolkata, IND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Haematology, Medical College, Kolkata, Kolkata, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68428275"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010044166"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089010"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67468856,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"9","first_page":"e117081","last_page":"e117081"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11280","display_name":"Hemophilia Treatment and Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11280","display_name":"Hemophilia Treatment and Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10746","display_name":"Platelet Disorders and Treatments","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10554","display_name":"Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics (clinical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemophilia-a","display_name":"hemophilia A","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemophilic-arthropathy","display_name":"hemophilic arthropathy","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vascular-endothelial-growth-factor","display_name":"vascular endothelial growth factor","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-reactive-protein","display_name":"C-reactive protein","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomarkers","display_name":"biomarkers","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint-health","display_name":"joint health","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemophilia-joint-health-score","display_name":"Hemophilia Joint Health Score","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coagulation-factor-replacement-therapy","display_name":"factor replacement therapy","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemarthrosis","display_name":"hemarthrosis","score":0.652999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9832000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.47200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777025900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29725","display_name":"Vascular endothelial growth factor","level":3,"score":0.4652999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778385053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134003","display_name":"Haemophilia","level":2,"score":0.46309998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.41780000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.398499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.362199991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777232031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2092064","display_name":"Haemophilia A","level":3,"score":0.33000001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775960820","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408378","display_name":"Growth factor","level":3,"score":0.32409998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.32100000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.3208000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146285616","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7916455","display_name":"Vascular endothelial growth factor A","level":4,"score":0.28220000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.26660001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780972559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q550061","display_name":"Endothelial dysfunction","level":2,"score":0.2624000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.25450000166893005}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.117081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.117081","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.117081","pdf_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/532817-serum-vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-and-c-reactive-protein-serve-as-biomarkers-of-joint-health-in-severe-haemophilia-a-a-cross-sectional-study-from-india.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13716141","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13716141/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13716141/pdf/cureus-0018-00000117081.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42953485","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42953485","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.117081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.117081","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.117081","pdf_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/532817-serum-vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-and-c-reactive-protein-serve-as-biomarkers-of-joint-health-in-severe-haemophilia-a-a-cross-sectional-study-from-india.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214595209.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214595209.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993159801","https://openalex.org/W1997443499","https://openalex.org/W2028430880","https://openalex.org/W2046984273","https://openalex.org/W2191669171","https://openalex.org/W2238095742","https://openalex.org/W2332794479","https://openalex.org/W2903985518","https://openalex.org/W2985009288","https://openalex.org/W3003816282","https://openalex.org/W3026274545","https://openalex.org/W3047046471","https://openalex.org/W3137897682","https://openalex.org/W4206342962","https://openalex.org/W4292528167","https://openalex.org/W4318486452"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3003816282","https://openalex.org/W2332794479","https://openalex.org/W4318486452","https://openalex.org/W4413383621","https://openalex.org/W4400282629","https://openalex.org/W3026274545","https://openalex.org/W2989618034","https://openalex.org/W2609918137","https://openalex.org/W2471857324","https://openalex.org/W7162875341"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Objectives":[0],"In":[1],"low-":[2],"and":[3,18,34,45,48,59,65,75,98,117,143,177,188,200,206,212,221,229],"middle-income":[4],"countries":[5],"(LMICs),":[6],"people":[7],"living":[8],"with":[9,20,41,52,71,121,210,216],"haemophilia":[10,43,73,227],"(PWH)":[11],"remain":[12],"on":[13],"on-demand":[14],"factor":[15,32],"replacement":[16],"therapy":[17],"present":[19],"haemophilic":[21],"arthropathy.":[22],"This":[23],"two-arm":[24],"cross-sectional":[25],"study":[26],"compared":[27],"serum":[28,63],"vascular":[29],"endothelial":[30],"growth":[31],"(VEGF)":[33],"C\u2011reactive":[35],"protein":[36],"(CRP)":[37],"levels":[38,149],"between":[39,175],"patients":[40,70],"severe":[42,72,226],"A":[44,74,228],"healthy":[46,78,237],"controls":[47,157,178],"explored":[49],"their":[50],"association":[51],"clinical":[53],"indices":[54],"of":[55,127,246],"joint":[56,253],"health.":[57],"Materials":[58],"methods":[60],"We":[61],"measured":[62],"VEGF":[64,138,180,199,205,220],"CRP":[66,144,163,189,207,213,222],"in":[67,95,153,156,225,249],"50":[68,76],"male":[69,79],"age-matched":[77],"controls.":[80,238],"Joint":[81,88],"status":[82],"was":[83,109,131],"assessed":[84],"by":[85],"the":[86,128,183,244],"Haemophilia":[87,96],"Health":[89],"Score":[90,94],"(HJHS),":[91],"Functional":[92],"Independence":[93],"(FISH),":[97],"annual":[99],"bleed":[100],"rate":[101],"(ABR).":[102],"Comparisons":[103],"used":[104],"nonparametric":[105],"tests;":[106],"diagnostic":[107],"performance":[108],"evaluated":[110],"using":[111],"receiver":[112],"operating":[113],"characteristic":[114],"(ROC)":[115],"curves;":[116],"correlations":[118],"were":[119,150,195],"analysed":[120],"Spearman's":[122],"rho.":[123],"Results":[124],"Median":[125],"age":[126],"patient":[129],"cohort":[130],"11.5":[132],"years":[133],"(range":[134],"4-25":[135],"years).":[136],"Mean":[137],"(85.11":[139],"\u00b1":[140,146,160,165],"9.01":[141],"pg/mL)":[142,148],"(1032.58":[145],"242.88":[147],"significantly":[151,209],"higher":[152],"PWH":[154,235],"than":[155],"(VEGF":[158],"56.9":[159],"17.1":[161],"pg/mL,":[162],"140.26":[164],"37.24":[166],"pg/mL;":[167],"both":[168],"p<0.001).":[169],"ROC":[170],"analysis":[171],"showed":[172],"fair":[173,231],"discrimination":[174],"cases":[176],"for":[179,198,203,252],"(area":[181],"under":[182],"curve":[184],"or":[185],"AUC":[186],"0.792)":[187],"(AUC":[190],"0.775);":[191],"optimal":[192],"cut":[193],"offs":[194],"68.85":[196],"pg/mL":[197,202],"210.03":[201],"CRP.":[204],"correlated":[208,214],"FISH":[211],"positively":[215],"ABR.":[217],"Conclusion":[218],"Serum":[219],"are":[223],"elevated":[224],"show":[230],"ability":[232],"to":[233],"distinguish":[234],"from":[236],"Longitudinal":[239],"studies":[240],"can":[241],"help":[242],"establish":[243],"feasibility":[245],"these":[247],"biomarkers":[248],"predictive":[250],"models":[251],"bleeding.":[254]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-09-29T00:00:00"}