{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214517652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-026-09998-6","title":"Radiographic burden of dentin caries in first permanent molars: an international caries classification and management system-based panoramic radiographic study with artificial intelligence-assisted detection","display_name":"Radiographic burden of dentin caries in first permanent molars: an international caries classification and management system-based panoramic radiographic study with artificial intelligence-assisted detection","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214517652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-026-09998-6"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12903-026-09998-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-026-09998-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-026-09998-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60760007","display_name":"BMC Oral Health","issn_l":"1472-6831","issn":["1472-6831"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Oral Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-026-09998-6","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039620823","display_name":"Eser Rengin Nalbantoglu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-9524","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-9524"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104933","display_name":"Biruni University","ror":"https://ror.org/01nkhmn89","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104933"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eser Rengin Nalbantoglu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Biruni University, Merkezefendi Mahallesi, G/75.Sokak No:13B, Istanbul, Zeytinburnu, 34015, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-9524","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Biruni University, Merkezefendi Mahallesi, G/75.Sokak No:13B, Istanbul, Zeytinburnu, 34015, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062005793","display_name":"Melda Pelin Akkitap","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7744-6615","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7744-6615"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104933","display_name":"Biruni University","ror":"https://ror.org/01nkhmn89","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104933"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melda Pelin Akkitap","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Biruni University, Merkezefendi Mahallesi, G/75.Sokak No:13B, Istanbul, Zeytinburnu, 34015, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Biruni University, Merkezefendi Mahallesi, G/75.Sokak No:13B, Istanbul, Zeytinburnu, 34015, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044165487","display_name":"Ragh\u0131b Surad\u0131","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9302-2185","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9302-2185"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104933","display_name":"Biruni University","ror":"https://ror.org/01nkhmn89","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104933"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raghib Suradi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Biruni University, Merkezefendi Mahallesi, G/75.Sokak No:13B, Istanbul, Zeytinburnu, 34015, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Biruni University, Merkezefendi Mahallesi, G/75.Sokak No:13B, Istanbul, Zeytinburnu, 34015, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104933"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062393985","display_name":"Ay\u015fenur POYRAZ","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4973-725X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4973-725X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104933","display_name":"Biruni University","ror":"https://ror.org/01nkhmn89","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104933"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aysenur Poyraz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Biruni University, Merkezefendi Mahallesi, G/75.Sokak No:13B, Istanbul, Zeytinburnu, 34015, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Biruni University, Merkezefendi Mahallesi, G/75.Sokak No:13B, Istanbul, Zeytinburnu, 34015, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104933"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039620823"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104933"],"apc_list":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11363","display_name":"Dental Radiography and Imaging","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11363","display_name":"Dental Radiography and Imaging","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10368","display_name":"Dental Health and Care Utilization","score":0.020600000396370888,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10992","display_name":"Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology (arts and humanities)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dentin-caries","display_name":"dentin caries","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-permanent-molars","display_name":"first permanent molars","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/panoramic-radiography","display_name":"panoramic radiography","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dental-caries-prevalence","display_name":"caries prevalence","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixed-dentition","display_name":"mixed dentition","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caries-detection-accuracy","display_name":"caries detection accuracy","score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children","display_name":"children","score":0.33399999141693115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9725000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36454342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245341","display_name":"Radiography","level":2,"score":0.8294000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.6772000193595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778636310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504033","display_name":"Oral and maxillofacial surgery","level":2,"score":0.6664000153541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29694066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118301","display_name":"Orthodontics","level":1,"score":0.4912000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779263046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189637","display_name":"Dentin","level":2,"score":0.3582000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.26600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776355901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7099381","display_name":"Oral and maxillofacial radiology","level":3,"score":0.25369998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.226500004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778451229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212809","display_name":"Endoscopy","level":2,"score":0.22059999406337738}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12903-026-09998-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-026-09998-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-026-09998-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60760007","display_name":"BMC Oral Health","issn_l":"1472-6831","issn":["1472-6831"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Oral Health","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12903-026-09998-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-026-09998-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-026-09998-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60760007","display_name":"BMC Oral Health","issn_l":"1472-6831","issn":["1472-6831"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Oral Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4410784969","https://openalex.org/W7157549383","https://openalex.org/W4416440336","https://openalex.org/W7203926794","https://openalex.org/W2892317659","https://openalex.org/W4417185038","https://openalex.org/W3160506961","https://openalex.org/W4399365891","https://openalex.org/W7203476953","https://openalex.org/W7211894513"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"First":[0],"permanent":[1],"molars":[2,165,175],"(FPMs)":[3],"are":[4],"highly":[5],"susceptible":[6],"to":[7,285],"dental":[8],"caries,":[9],"and":[10,20,41,47,51,101,112,125,137,166,196,213,242,277,288],"radiographic":[11,29,45,89,220,290],"assessment":[12,46],"may":[13],"provide":[14],"important":[15],"information":[16],"about":[17],"the":[18,28,49,77,142,148,155],"extent":[19],"severity":[21,207],"of":[22,31,54,70,82,93,131,163,222,233,245],"dentin":[23,32,94,132,223,247,260],"involvement.":[24],"This":[25,60],"study":[26,63],"investigated":[27],"burden":[30,221],"caries":[33,95,133,224],"in":[34,141,147,170,173,227,229],"FPMs":[35,84,228],"using":[36,87,108,121],"an":[37,55,283],"International":[38],"Caries":[39],"Classification":[40],"Management":[42],"System":[43],"(ICCMS\u2122)-based":[44],"evaluated":[48,86],"agreement":[50,183],"detection":[52,114,122,180,200,238,244],"performance":[53,123],"artificial":[56],"intelligence":[57],"(AI)-assisted":[58],"system.":[59],"retrospective":[61],"cross-sectional":[62],"screened":[64],"2,627":[65],"digital":[66],"panoramic":[67],"radiographs":[68],"(DPRs)":[69],"children":[71],"aged":[72],"6\u201312":[73],"years;":[74],"1,000":[75],"met":[76],"inclusion":[78],"criteria.":[79,90],"A":[80,218],"total":[81],"4,000":[83],"were":[85,106,167,262],"ICCMS\u2122":[88],"The":[91,128],"prevalence":[92,130],"(RA3+)":[96,134],"was":[97,115,135,138,225],"analyzed":[98],"by":[99],"age":[100],"tooth":[102,156],"location.":[103],"Group":[104],"comparisons":[105],"conducted":[107],"appropriate":[109],"statistical":[110],"methods,":[111],"AI-assisted":[113,179,237],"compared":[116],"with":[117,184,191],"examiner-based":[118],"consensus":[119,186],"classifications":[120,187],"metrics":[124],"Cohen\u2019s":[126],"kappa.":[127],"child-level":[129],"56.8%":[136],"significantly":[139],"higher":[140],"late":[143],"mixed-dentition":[144],"group":[145,150],"than":[146,172],"early":[149],"(66.4%":[151],"vs.":[152,177],"39.3%).":[153],"At":[154],"level,":[157],"RA3+":[158,254],"lesions":[159,248,255,261],"accounted":[160],"for":[161,211,215,253],"30.7%":[162],"all":[164],"more":[168],"prevalent":[169],"mandibular":[171],"maxillary":[174],"(37.6%":[176],"23.9%).":[178],"showed":[181,239],"fair":[182],"examiner":[185],"(\u03ba":[188],"=":[189],"0.389),":[190],"78.9%":[192],"accuracy,":[193],"32.1%":[194],"sensitivity,":[195],"99.6%":[197],"specificity.":[198],"AI":[199,264],"rates":[201],"increased":[202],"markedly":[203],"across":[204],"examiner-defined":[205,259],"lesion":[206],"categories,":[208],"reaching":[209],"80.2%":[210],"RC5":[212],"93.4%":[214],"RC6":[216],"lesions.":[217],"substantial":[219],"identified":[226],"this":[230],"clinic-based":[231],"sample":[232],"school-aged":[234],"children.":[235],"Although":[236],"high":[240],"specificity":[241],"improved":[243],"advanced":[246],"(RC5\u2013RC6),":[249],"its":[250],"low":[251],"sensitivity":[252],"indicates":[256],"that":[257],"most":[258],"missed.":[263],"should":[265,278],"therefore":[266],"not":[267],"be":[268,279],"used":[269],"as":[270,282],"a":[271],"standalone":[272],"screening":[273],"or":[274],"triage":[275],"tool":[276],"regarded":[280],"only":[281],"adjunct":[284],"clinical":[286],"examination":[287],"clinician-led":[289],"assessment.":[291]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2026-09-28T00:00:00"}