{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214360998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc66907.2026.11694866","title":"Requirements and Challenges of a Measurement Apparatus for Quantum Computer Operation","display_name":"Requirements and Challenges of a Measurement Apparatus for Quantum Computer Operation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214360998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc66907.2026.11694866"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/i2mtc66907.2026.11694866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc66907.2026.11694866","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc66907.2026.11694866","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918986","display_name":"IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference","issn_l":"2642-2069","issn":["2642-2069"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc66907.2026.11694866","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046390329","display_name":"Leopoldo Angrisani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6932-6891","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6932-6891"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leopoldo Angrisani","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Napoli Federico II (DIETI)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Napoli Federico II (DIETI)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034361203","display_name":"Pasquale Daponte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5215-3661","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5215-3661"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16337185","display_name":"University of Sannio","ror":"https://ror.org/04vc81p87","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16337185"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pasquale Daponte","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sannio (DING)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sannio (DING)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16337185"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152907655","display_name":"Mauro D'Arco","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mauro D'Arco","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Napoli Federico II (DIETI)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Napoli Federico II (DIETI)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152926497","display_name":"Luca De Vito","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16337185","display_name":"University of Sannio","ror":"https://ror.org/04vc81p87","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16337185"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca De Vito","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sannio (DING)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sannio (DING)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16337185"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092260905","display_name":"Fabrizio Lo Regio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9307-8340","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9307-8340"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabrizio Lo Regio","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Napoli Federico II (DIETI)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Napoli Federico II (DIETI)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010415569","display_name":"Sergio Rapuano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3249-0473","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3249-0473"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16337185","display_name":"University of Sannio","ror":"https://ror.org/04vc81p87","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16337185"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergio Rapuano","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sannio (DING)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sannio (DING)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16337185"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76556023,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.6898999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.6898999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.26759999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.014299999922513962,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-hardware","display_name":"quantum computing hardware","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measurement-instruments","display_name":"measurement instruments","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-measurement","display_name":"quantum measurement","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measurement-requirements","display_name":"measurement requirements","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measurement-challenges","display_name":"measurement challenges","score":0.6150000095367432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5457000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.42320001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3955000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.391400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.374099999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3192000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3174000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.30140000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/i2mtc66907.2026.11694866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc66907.2026.11694866","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc66907.2026.11694866","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918986","display_name":"IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference","issn_l":"2642-2069","issn":["2642-2069"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/i2mtc66907.2026.11694866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc66907.2026.11694866","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc66907.2026.11694866","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918986","display_name":"IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference","issn_l":"2642-2069","issn":["2642-2069"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2012206667","https://openalex.org/W2074229736","https://openalex.org/W2125995504","https://openalex.org/W2530247960","https://openalex.org/W2794141696","https://openalex.org/W2795017070","https://openalex.org/W2898852113","https://openalex.org/W3010664478","https://openalex.org/W3048049647","https://openalex.org/W3093357534","https://openalex.org/W3096094097","https://openalex.org/W3096567033","https://openalex.org/W3204208054","https://openalex.org/W4281761053","https://openalex.org/W4285180062","https://openalex.org/W4302299674","https://openalex.org/W4385864288","https://openalex.org/W4392988407","https://openalex.org/W4402641107"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2229268821","https://openalex.org/W3201169610","https://openalex.org/W2540611639","https://openalex.org/W241802298","https://openalex.org/W3113701588","https://openalex.org/W3174180310","https://openalex.org/W4386696130","https://openalex.org/W7214335884","https://openalex.org/W6983180423","https://openalex.org/W2260711418"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"provides":[2],"a":[3],"comprehensive":[4],"overview":[5],"of":[6,25,72],"the":[7,23,36,39,47,51,77,87,91],"methods":[8,55,78],"and":[9,14,42,56,66,76,90],"tools":[10],"used":[11],"to":[12,34,85],"control":[13,62],"measure":[15],"superconducting":[16,30],"qubits":[17,31],"in":[18],"state-of-the-art":[19,95],"quantum":[20,26],"processors.":[21],"First,":[22],"fundamentals":[24],"processors":[27],"that":[28],"use":[29],"are":[32,59,82],"introduced":[33],"familiarize":[35],"readers":[37],"with":[38,94],"basic":[40],"terminology":[41],"help":[43],"them":[44],"easily":[45],"grasp":[46],"essential":[48],"concepts.":[49],"Next,":[50],"most":[52],"common":[53],"measurement":[54],"related":[57],"equipment":[58],"presented,":[60],"including":[61],"hardware,":[63],"signal":[64],"sources":[65],"digital":[67],"waveform":[68],"recorders/analyzers.":[69],"The":[70],"implementation":[71],"gates":[73],"for":[74,79],"computation":[75],"readout":[80],"operations":[81],"then":[83],"discussed":[84],"demonstrate":[86],"challenges":[88],"faced":[89],"performance":[92],"achievable":[93],"technology.":[96]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2026-09-26T00:00:00"}