{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214224441","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62276/ophthalmolpak.26.02.243","title":"The Correlation of Axial Length with Choroidal Thickness in Myopic Patients","display_name":"The Correlation of Axial Length with Choroidal Thickness in Myopic Patients","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214224441","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62276/ophthalmolpak.26.02.243"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.62276/ophthalmolpak.26.02.243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62276/ophthalmolpak.26.02.243","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62276/ophthalmolpak.26.02.243","pdf_url":"https://ophthalmologypakistan.com/ojs/index.php/ophth_pakistan_journal/article/download/243/141","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407003860","display_name":"Ophthalmology Pakistan","issn_l":"2518-2110","issn":["2518-2110","2518-234X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ophthalmology Pakistan","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ophthalmologypakistan.com/ojs/index.php/ophth_pakistan_journal/article/download/243/141","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152577594","display_name":"Aqsa Zahid","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142204992","display_name":"University of Lahore","ror":"https://ror.org/051jrjw38","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142204992"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aqsa Zahid","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Lahore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Lahore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142204992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152626815","display_name":"Hafiza Roha Zainab","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142204992","display_name":"University of Lahore","ror":"https://ror.org/051jrjw38","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142204992"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hafiza Roha Zainab","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University Of Lahore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University Of Lahore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142204992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094003348","display_name":"Tahir Shaukat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8620-6445","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8620-6445"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142204992","display_name":"University of Lahore","ror":"https://ror.org/051jrjw38","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142204992"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tahir Shaukat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, Lahore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, Lahore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142204992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043632362","display_name":"Muhammad Hannan Jamil","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142204992","display_name":"University of Lahore","ror":"https://ror.org/051jrjw38","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142204992"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Hannan Jamil","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Lahore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Lahore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142204992"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082013594","display_name":"Iftikhar Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0969-7927","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0969-7927"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142204992","display_name":"University of Lahore","ror":"https://ror.org/051jrjw38","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142204992"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iftikhar Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Lahore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Lahore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142204992"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142204992"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65360229,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"2","first_page":"66","last_page":"72"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10381","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10381","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.01119999960064888,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/myopia","display_name":"myopia","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axial-length","display_name":"axial length","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/choroidal-thickness","display_name":"choroidal thickness","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/choroidal-thinning","display_name":"choroidal thinning","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axial-elongation","display_name":"axial elongation","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/myopic-macular-degeneration","display_name":"myopic macular degeneration","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/choroidal-biomarkers","display_name":"choroidal biomarkers","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pakistani-population","display_name":"Pakistani population","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-coherence-tomography","display_name":"optical coherence tomography","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/a-scan-ultrasonography","display_name":"A-scan ultrasonography","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperopia","display_name":"hyperopia","score":0.4410000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/myopia-severity","display_name":"myopia severity","score":0.3720000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal-detachment-risk","display_name":"retinal detachment risk","score":0.40799999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cataract-risk","display_name":"cataract risk","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glaucoma-risk","display_name":"glaucoma risk","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refractive-error-screening","display_name":"refractive error screening","score":0.46799999475479126}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7141000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.5738999843597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778818243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899552","display_name":"Optical coherence tomography","level":2,"score":0.546500027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109821595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177895","display_name":"Astigmatism","level":2,"score":0.5185999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776694393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271762","display_name":"Choroid","level":3,"score":0.4968000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117220453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172842","display_name":"Correlation","level":2,"score":0.43639999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776148792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3041498","display_name":"Eye disease","level":2,"score":0.41370001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781135284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q470427","display_name":"Refractive error","level":3,"score":0.37459999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119767625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Optometry","level":1,"score":0.33559998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22679943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159375","display_name":"Standard deviation","level":2,"score":0.3352000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988405389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6987247","display_name":"Negative correlation","level":2,"score":0.334199994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986115478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186290","display_name":"Positive correlation","level":2,"score":0.3278999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529618451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234904","display_name":"Ultrasonography","level":2,"score":0.31439998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.3052000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841267","display_name":"Tomography","level":2,"score":0.265500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105054674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3707381","display_name":"Mean difference","level":3,"score":0.25679999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018577593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q470749","display_name":"Limits of agreement","level":2,"score":0.2565999925136566}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.62276/ophthalmolpak.26.02.243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62276/ophthalmolpak.26.02.243","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62276/ophthalmolpak.26.02.243","pdf_url":"https://ophthalmologypakistan.com/ojs/index.php/ophth_pakistan_journal/article/download/243/141","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407003860","display_name":"Ophthalmology Pakistan","issn_l":"2518-2110","issn":["2518-2110","2518-234X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ophthalmology Pakistan","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.62276/ophthalmolpak.26.02.243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62276/ophthalmolpak.26.02.243","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62276/ophthalmolpak.26.02.243","pdf_url":"https://ophthalmologypakistan.com/ojs/index.php/ophth_pakistan_journal/article/download/243/141","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407003860","display_name":"Ophthalmology Pakistan","issn_l":"2518-2110","issn":["2518-2110","2518-234X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ophthalmology Pakistan","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214224441.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214224441.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3089022766","https://openalex.org/W3196126677","https://openalex.org/W4213105064","https://openalex.org/W4220702948","https://openalex.org/W4385323288","https://openalex.org/W4401569039","https://openalex.org/W4410266686","https://openalex.org/W4415702684","https://openalex.org/W4416597892"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7218184456","https://openalex.org/W7220797349","https://openalex.org/W2061581949","https://openalex.org/W2759237675","https://openalex.org/W4401107566","https://openalex.org/W4402963844","https://openalex.org/W7132604518","https://openalex.org/W7161479754","https://openalex.org/W2919753529","https://openalex.org/W7214390434"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Myopia":[1],"is":[2,13,23],"a":[3,57,264,276,286],"major":[4],"cause":[5],"of":[6,34,40,64,73,90,116,128,178,248,321,349,358],"visual":[7,148],"impairment":[8],"in":[9,94,109,113,182,256,262,310,332,338,361],"the":[10,17,30,41,44,49,62,74,80,83,87,110,114,147,186,201,246,257,300,304,314,319,344,350,356,359,362],"world,":[11],"which":[12,28,263],"mostly":[14],"caused":[15],"by":[16],"axial":[18,45,84,162,267,301,325,345],"elongement.":[19],"The":[20,38,71,98,176,215,237,250,297],"choroidal":[21,51,88,173,305],"thinning":[22,357],"linked":[24],"to":[25,60,78,122,145,160,170,199,223,234,330,355],"progressive":[26],"elongation,":[27],"puts":[29],"patient":[31],"at":[32],"risk":[33],"myopic":[35,102,311],"macular":[36],"complications.":[37],"measurement":[39],"association":[42],"between":[43,82,203,239,299],"length":[46,85,163,268,302,326],"(AL)":[47],"and":[48,66,86,135,151,188,190,194,205,226,241,284,303,313],"sub-foveal":[50,172],"thickness":[52,89,174,306],"(CT)":[53],"can":[54],"be":[55,77,331],"considered":[56],"non-invasive":[58],"biomarker":[59],"track":[61],"development":[63],"myopia":[65,93,260,322],"inform":[67],"early":[68],"treatment.":[69],"Purpose:":[70],"aim":[72],"study":[75,112],"will":[76],"establish":[79],"relationship":[81,202,238,298,315],"patients":[91,103],"with":[92,126,207,245,275,334],"Pakistani":[95],"population.":[96],"Methodology:":[97],"sample":[99],"size":[100],"(150":[101],"aged":[104],"1840":[105],"years)":[106],"was":[107,158,168,180,197,218,243,254,273,307,327],"included":[108],"cross-sectional":[111],"University":[115],"Lahore":[117],"Teaching":[118],"Hospital":[119],"(Oct":[120],"2025":[121],"Mar":[123],"2026).":[124],"Patients":[125],"astigmatism":[127],">\u22122.0":[129],"D,":[130],"systemic":[131],"or":[132],"retinal/choroidal":[133],"disease":[134],"past":[136],"ocular":[137],"surgery":[138],"were":[139,143,192,229],"excluded.":[140],"Standard":[141,155],"procedures":[142],"used":[144,159,169,198],"check":[146],"acuity,":[149],"refraction,":[150],"anterior/posterior":[152],"segment":[153],"examination.":[154],"A-scan":[156],"ultrasonography":[157],"measure":[161,171],"(AL),":[164],"optical":[165],"coherence":[166],"tomography":[167],"(CT).":[175],"analysis":[177],"data":[179],"performed":[181],"SPSS":[183],"v26,":[184],"whereby":[185],"mean":[187,266],"SD":[189],"frequency":[191],"reported,":[193],"Pearson\u2019s":[195],"correlation":[196,253,289,333],"determine":[200],"AL":[204,217,240],"CT":[206,228,242],"p":[208,293],"0.05":[209],"being":[210],"accepted":[211],"as":[212,318,347],"significant.":[213],"Results:":[214],"average":[216,227],"24.13\u00b11.93":[219],"mm":[220,231],"(range":[221,232],"21.0":[222],"28.0":[224],"mm)":[225,272],"284.78\u00b157.94":[230],"171.7":[233],"394.1":[235],"mm).":[236],"negative":[244,288,309],"intensity":[247],"myopia.":[249,363],"most":[251],"significant":[252],"observed":[255],"very":[258],"high":[259],"group,":[261],"longer":[265],"(25.5":[269],"\u00b1":[270,281],"2.2":[271],"correlated":[274],"significantly":[277,308],"thinner":[278],"choroid":[279],"(250.77":[280],"62.11":[282],"\u00b5m)":[283],"had":[285],"strong":[287],"(r":[290],"=":[291,294],"-0.709,":[292],"0.007).":[295],"Conclusion:":[296],"patients,":[312],"became":[316],"stronger":[317],"severity":[320],"increases.":[323],"Increased":[324],"always":[328],"found":[329],"narrower":[335],"choroids,":[336],"especially":[337],"extreme":[339],"hyperopia.":[340],"These":[341],"results":[342],"emphasize":[343],"lengthening":[346],"one":[348],"structural":[351],"elements":[352],"that":[353],"lead":[354],"choroids":[360]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-09-25T00:00:00"}
