{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214192513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pesgm58988.2026.11693172","title":"Wide Adoption of Grid-Forming Inverters and Their Impact on a Power Grid: A Case Study of the ERCOT Grid","display_name":"Wide Adoption of Grid-Forming Inverters and Their Impact on a Power Grid: A Case Study of the ERCOT Grid","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214192513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pesgm58988.2026.11693172"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pesgm58988.2026.11693172","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pesgm58988.2026.11693172","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pesgm58988.2026.11693172","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212590","display_name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting","issn_l":"1932-5517","issn":["1932-5517","2693-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pesgm58988.2026.11693172","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068822680","display_name":"Amro Quedan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3846-7338","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3846-7338"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109067506","display_name":"Texas Commission on Environmental Quality","ror":"https://ror.org/00zwq0r67","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109067506"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264642","display_name":"ERC Inc. (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02hhnp155","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405264642"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405270789","display_name":"Comisi\u00f3n Federal de Electricidad (Mexico)","ror":"https://ror.org/01b0p5f85","country_code":"MX","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405270789"]}],"countries":["JP","MX","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amro Quedan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109067506","https://openalex.org/I4405264642","https://openalex.org/I4405270789"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088301247","display_name":"Hamzeh Davarikia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2603-8109","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2603-8109"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109067506","display_name":"Texas Commission on Environmental Quality","ror":"https://ror.org/00zwq0r67","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109067506"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264642","display_name":"ERC Inc. (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02hhnp155","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405264642"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405270789","display_name":"Comisi\u00f3n Federal de Electricidad (Mexico)","ror":"https://ror.org/01b0p5f85","country_code":"MX","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405270789"]}],"countries":["JP","MX","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamzeh Davarikia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109067506","https://openalex.org/I4405264642","https://openalex.org/I4405270789"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080970786","display_name":"Mehdi Daryabak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6304-4527","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6304-4527"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109067506","display_name":"Texas Commission on Environmental Quality","ror":"https://ror.org/00zwq0r67","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109067506"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264642","display_name":"ERC Inc. (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02hhnp155","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405264642"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405270789","display_name":"Comisi\u00f3n Federal de Electricidad (Mexico)","ror":"https://ror.org/01b0p5f85","country_code":"MX","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405270789"]}],"countries":["JP","MX","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehdi Daryabak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109067506","https://openalex.org/I4405264642","https://openalex.org/I4405270789"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152669810","display_name":"Yunzhi Cheng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109067506","display_name":"Texas Commission on Environmental Quality","ror":"https://ror.org/00zwq0r67","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109067506"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264642","display_name":"ERC Inc. (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02hhnp155","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405264642"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405270789","display_name":"Comisi\u00f3n Federal de Electricidad (Mexico)","ror":"https://ror.org/01b0p5f85","country_code":"MX","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405270789"]}],"countries":["JP","MX","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunzhi Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109067506","https://openalex.org/I4405264642","https://openalex.org/I4405270789"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040400530","display_name":"Shun-Hsien Fred Huang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109067506","display_name":"Texas Commission on Environmental Quality","ror":"https://ror.org/00zwq0r67","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109067506"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264642","display_name":"ERC Inc. (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02hhnp155","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405264642"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405270789","display_name":"Comisi\u00f3n Federal de Electricidad (Mexico)","ror":"https://ror.org/01b0p5f85","country_code":"MX","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405270789"]}],"countries":["JP","MX","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shun-Hsien Fred Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109067506","https://openalex.org/I4405264642","https://openalex.org/I4405270789"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9473000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9473000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.02979999966919422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14444","display_name":"Power Systems and Renewable Energy","score":0.01119999960064888,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2102","display_name":"Energy Engineering and Power Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid-forming-inverters","display_name":"grid-forming inverters","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-grid-impact","display_name":"grid impact","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-system-stability","display_name":"power system stability","score":0.5699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-energy-resources","display_name":"distributed energy resources","score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverter-control","display_name":"inverter control","score":0.4620000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.520799994468689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4952000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983254600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096907","display_name":"Power grid","level":3,"score":0.43470001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.4278999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3052999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78600449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43302","display_name":"Wind power","level":2,"score":0.29179999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.2705000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.25529998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.2492000013589859}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pesgm58988.2026.11693172","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pesgm58988.2026.11693172","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pesgm58988.2026.11693172","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212590","display_name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting","issn_l":"1932-5517","issn":["1932-5517","2693-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pesgm58988.2026.11693172","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pesgm58988.2026.11693172","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pesgm58988.2026.11693172","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212590","display_name":"IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting","issn_l":"1932-5517","issn":["1932-5517","2693-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":1.0,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9853000044822693,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4392909544","https://openalex.org/W4403125536","https://openalex.org/W4403126457","https://openalex.org/W4403127602"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4250493618","https://openalex.org/W7077864068","https://openalex.org/W6925027596","https://openalex.org/W6903857608","https://openalex.org/W7010148962","https://openalex.org/W7128313588","https://openalex.org/W7168761859","https://openalex.org/W7163864248","https://openalex.org/W7038279099","https://openalex.org/W6885096538"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"power":[1,45,59],"grid":[2,17,60,74,127,157],"has":[3,103],"been":[4,84],"undergoing":[5],"rapid":[6],"and":[7,44,53,95,98,132,176],"significant":[8,67],"changes":[9],"over":[10],"the":[11,16,26,55,66,106,130,145,155,183,197,208,217],"past":[12],"two":[13],"decades":[14],"which":[15],"dynamic":[18,190],"characteristic":[19],"must":[20],"be":[21],"assessed":[22],"regularly":[23],"along":[24],"with":[25],"integration":[27],"of":[28,57,69,134,150,185,204],"inverter-based":[29],"resources":[30],"(IBR).":[31],"Similar":[32],"to":[33,50,76,112,117,125,139,188],"synchronous":[34,63,89],"generator":[35],"integration,":[36],"control":[37,43,206],"mechanisms":[38],"such":[39,86],"as":[40,87],"automatic":[41],"voltage":[42,94,175],"system":[46,147,180],"stabilizers":[47],"are":[48],"adopted":[49],"facilitate":[51],"coordination":[52],"ensure":[54,77],"stability":[56,75,199],"a":[58],"dominated":[61],"by":[62],"generators.":[64],"With":[65],"growth":[68],"IBRs,":[70],"ERCOT":[71,102,156],"continuously":[72],"assesses":[73],"reliable":[78],"operation.":[79],"While":[80,129],"multiple":[81,193],"enhancements":[82],"had":[83],"adopted,":[85],"adding":[88],"condensers,":[90],"requiring":[91],"IBRs":[92,160,187],"provide":[93,118,189],"frequency":[96,177],"support":[97,121,191],"ride":[99],"through":[100],"performance,":[101],"also":[104],"established":[105],"Advanced":[107],"Grid":[108],"Support":[109],"(AGS)":[110],"requirements":[111],"new":[113],"Energy":[114,211],"Storage":[115,212],"Resources":[116],"Grid-Forming":[119],"(GFM)":[120],"that":[122,170,202],"is":[123,136],"necessary":[124],"maintain":[126],"stability.":[128,220],"implementation":[131],"penetration":[133],"AGS":[135],"not":[137],"expected":[138],"occur":[140],"immediately,":[141],"this":[142],"paper":[143],"investigates":[144],"potential":[146],"wide":[148],"adoption":[149,203],"Grid-forming":[151],"Inverters":[152],"(GFMIs)":[153],"in":[154,207],"for":[158],"various":[159],"considering":[161],"their":[162],"inherent":[163],"existing":[164,209],"operational":[165],"limitations.":[166],"Simulation":[167],"results":[168],"show":[169],"large-scale":[171],"GFMIs":[172],"deployment":[173],"improves":[174],"responses":[178],"following":[179],"contingencies,":[181],"leveraging":[182],"ability":[184],"GFM":[186,205],"across":[192],"time":[194],"frames.":[195],"Moreover,":[196],"small-signal":[198,219],"assessment":[200],"indicates":[201],"Battery":[210],"System":[213],"(BESS)":[214],"can":[215],"enhance":[216],"system\u2019s":[218]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-09-25T00:00:00"}