{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214167885","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116843","title":"Association Between an Incomplete Circle of Willis and Acute Ischemic Stroke Severity at Admission: A Computed Tomography Angiography Study From Nepal","display_name":"Association Between an Incomplete Circle of Willis and Acute Ischemic Stroke Severity at Admission: A Computed Tomography Angiography Study From Nepal","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214167885","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116843","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42927105","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13695388"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.116843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116843","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116843","pdf_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/534034-association-between-an-incomplete-circle-of-willis-and-acute-ischemic-stroke-severity-at-admission-a-computed-tomography-angiography-study-from-nepal.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/534034-association-between-an-incomplete-circle-of-willis-and-acute-ischemic-stroke-severity-at-admission-a-computed-tomography-angiography-study-from-nepal.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065053122","display_name":"Priyesh Shrestha","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405269003","display_name":"Nepal APF Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02s3atw84","country_code":"NP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405269003"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Priyesh Shrestha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Nepal APF (Armed Police Force) Hospital, Kathmandu, NPL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Nepal APF (Armed Police Force) Hospital, Kathmandu, NPL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405269003"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060712669","display_name":"Mukunda Singh Shrestha","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163815","display_name":"Nepalese Army Institute of Health Services","ror":"https://ror.org/05gmhvw49","country_code":"NP","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163815"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mukunda  s Shrestha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiodiagnosis, College of Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, NPL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, College of Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, NPL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163815"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5095891667","display_name":"Adarsha Mahaseth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2800-6394","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2800-6394"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163815","display_name":"Nepalese Army Institute of Health Services","ror":"https://ror.org/05gmhvw49","country_code":"NP","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163815"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Adarsha Mahaseth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, NPL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, NPL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163815"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063720622","display_name":"Grisha Gurung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5693-2127","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5693-2127"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155028946","display_name":"Tribhuvan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02rg1r889","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155028946"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119780","display_name":"Baidya and Banskota Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02q764m16","country_code":"NP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119780"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260107","display_name":"Institute of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/038ymyw44","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155028946","https://openalex.org/I4405260107"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Grisha Gurung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Paediatrics, Baidya and Banskota Hospital, Kathmandu, NPL","Department of Radiology, Tribhuvan University Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, NPL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Paediatrics, Baidya and Banskota Hospital, Kathmandu, NPL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Tribhuvan University Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, NPL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155028946","https://openalex.org/I4405260107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072016547","display_name":"Prajwal Dhakal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2368-1510","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2368-1510"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155028946","display_name":"Tribhuvan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02rg1r889","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155028946"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260107","display_name":"Institute of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/038ymyw44","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155028946","https://openalex.org/I4405260107"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prajwal Dhakal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Tribhuvan University Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, NPL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Tribhuvan University Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, NPL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155028946","https://openalex.org/I4405260107"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108612233","display_name":"Ghanshyam Gurung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6758-6781","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6758-6781"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155028946","display_name":"Tribhuvan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02rg1r889","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155028946"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119780","display_name":"Baidya and Banskota Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02q764m16","country_code":"NP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119780"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260107","display_name":"Institute of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/038ymyw44","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155028946","https://openalex.org/I4405260107"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ghanshyam Gurung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Paediatrics, Baidya and Banskota Hospital, Kathmandu, NPL","Department of Radiology, Tribhuvan University Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, NPL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Paediatrics, Baidya and Banskota Hospital, Kathmandu, NPL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Tribhuvan University Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, NPL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155028946","https://openalex.org/I4405260107"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5095891667"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163815"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68652768,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"9","first_page":"e116843","last_page":"e116843"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10227","display_name":"Acute Ischemic Stroke Management","score":0.9404000043869019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10227","display_name":"Acute Ischemic Stroke Management","score":0.9404000043869019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10816","display_name":"Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases","score":0.0494999997317791,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10420","display_name":"Intracranial Aneurysms: Treatment and Complications","score":0.00800000037997961,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incomplete-circle-of-willis","display_name":"incomplete circle of Willis","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-ischemic-stroke","display_name":"acute ischemic stroke","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stroke-severity","display_name":"stroke severity","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebral-hemodynamics","display_name":"cerebral hemodynamics","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intracranial-aneurysm","display_name":"intracranial aneurysm","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nepal","display_name":"Nepal","score":0.796999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9857000112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544519230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32566","display_name":"Computed tomography","level":2,"score":0.6656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780944724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q487595","display_name":"Circle of Willis","level":2,"score":0.6215999722480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781347138","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1024492","display_name":"Computed tomography angiography","level":3,"score":0.6129000186920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.5824999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020199598","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12202","display_name":"Ischemic stroke","level":3,"score":0.49939998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780643987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q468414","display_name":"Angiography","level":2,"score":0.44769999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780645631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671554","display_name":"Stroke (engine)","level":2,"score":0.4375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983858294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1024492","display_name":"Computed tomographic angiography","level":3,"score":0.3952000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.38109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3698999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30036603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17125150","display_name":"Severity of illness","level":2,"score":0.3522000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.3093000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020166492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12202","display_name":"Acute stroke","level":3,"score":0.2858000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778820722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4862390","display_name":"Brain ischemia","level":3,"score":0.28459998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778749279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5064095","display_name":"Cerebral angiography","level":3,"score":0.2800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.27619999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2705000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841267","display_name":"Tomography","level":2,"score":0.26669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993154269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32566","display_name":"Multidetector computed tomography","level":3,"score":0.25850000977516174}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.116843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116843","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116843","pdf_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/534034-association-between-an-incomplete-circle-of-willis-and-acute-ischemic-stroke-severity-at-admission-a-computed-tomography-angiography-study-from-nepal.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13695388","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13695388/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13695388/pdf/cureus-0018-00000116843.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42927105","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42927105","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.116843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116843","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116843","pdf_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/534034-association-between-an-incomplete-circle-of-willis-and-acute-ischemic-stroke-severity-at-admission-a-computed-tomography-angiography-study-from-nepal.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9922999739646912,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214167885.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214167885.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984408083","https://openalex.org/W1987336629","https://openalex.org/W2025209227","https://openalex.org/W2037315842","https://openalex.org/W2087345070","https://openalex.org/W2135694398","https://openalex.org/W2137506186","https://openalex.org/W2275737843","https://openalex.org/W2280031682","https://openalex.org/W2296026004","https://openalex.org/W2302338879","https://openalex.org/W2989311887","https://openalex.org/W3045810792","https://openalex.org/W3092386389","https://openalex.org/W3115591842","https://openalex.org/W3123186304","https://openalex.org/W3175984620","https://openalex.org/W3180212605","https://openalex.org/W3203987018","https://openalex.org/W4280567968","https://openalex.org/W4281787242","https://openalex.org/W4283211338","https://openalex.org/W4296782069","https://openalex.org/W4362637060","https://openalex.org/W4387019681","https://openalex.org/W4387459182","https://openalex.org/W4389286113","https://openalex.org/W4401937196","https://openalex.org/W4405078499","https://openalex.org/W4410965955"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4280567968","https://openalex.org/W1761095921","https://openalex.org/W6989032144","https://openalex.org/W7100298192","https://openalex.org/W7142040198","https://openalex.org/W3180212605","https://openalex.org/W4281787242","https://openalex.org/W7163079593","https://openalex.org/W6999240083","https://openalex.org/W3092386389"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"The":[1,332,362],"Circle":[2],"of":[3,18,74,107,334,359],"Willis":[4],"(CoW)":[5],"is":[6,35],"an":[7,32,170],"important":[8],"collateral":[9,360],"pathway":[10],"during":[11],"arterial":[12],"occlusion,":[13],"but":[14,325],"the":[15,93,116,201,220,244,247,288,326,346,380],"clinical":[16,384],"relevance":[17],"common":[19,313],"anatomical":[20],"variants":[21],"in":[22,85,165,173,286,345],"acute":[23,67],"ischemic":[24,68],"stroke":[25,69],"remains":[26],"uncertain.":[27],"This":[28,53],"study":[29,58],"evaluates":[30],"whether":[31],"incomplete":[33,171,188,205,279],"CoW":[34,45,88,162,172,206,280,310,353,374],"associated":[36,208,282,316],"with":[37,65,187,209,283,317],"greater":[38],"neurological":[39],"severity":[40,338],"at":[41,81,113,321],"admission":[42,114,322],"and":[43,77,101,119,128,131,144,155,169,224,296,314,343,369,383],"describes":[44],"morphology":[46,89,268,375],"on":[47],"computed":[48],"tomography":[49],"angiography":[50],"(CTA).":[51],"Methods":[52],"hospital-based":[54],"cross-sectional":[55],"observational":[56],"analytic":[57],"included":[59],"190":[60,141],"patients":[61,139,167],"aged":[62],">50":[63],"years":[64,150],"first-ever":[66],"presenting":[70],"within":[71,379],"seven":[72],"days":[73],"symptom":[75],"onset":[76],"undergoing":[78],"head-and-neck":[79],"CTA":[80],"a":[82,123,210,335,356],"teaching":[83],"hospital":[84],"Kathmandu,":[86],"Nepal.":[87],"was":[90,98,115,122,148,163,178,185,207,222,228,233,250,270,281,312,315,330,367],"classified":[91],"using":[92,351],"Hartkamp":[94,239,337],"framework;":[95],"Type":[96,176],"I":[97],"considered":[99,378],"complete":[100,161,190],"Types":[102,240],"II-IV":[103],"incomplete.":[104],"National":[105],"Institutes":[106],"Health":[108],"Stroke":[109],"Scale":[110],"(NIHSS)":[111],"score":[112,184,214,277,320,364],"primary":[117,327],"outcome,":[118],"NIHSS":[120,183,213,236,276,319,363],">15":[121,365],"secondary":[124],"outcome.":[125],"Multivariable":[126],"linear":[127,203],"logistic":[129],"regression":[130],"sensitivity":[132],"analyses":[133,259],"were":[134,142,158,306],"performed.":[135],"Results":[136],"Among":[137],"462":[138],"assessed,":[140],"enrolled":[143],"analyzed.":[145],"Median":[146,182],"age":[147],"65":[149],"(interquartile":[151],"range":[152],"(IQR)":[153],"60-70),":[154],"109":[156],"(57.4%)":[157],"male.":[159],"A":[160],"present":[164],"47":[166],"(24.7%)":[168],"143":[174],"(75.3%);":[175],"II":[177],"most":[179],"frequent":[180],"(55.3%).":[181],"higher":[186,212,284,318],"than":[189],"CoW,":[191],"10":[192],"(IQR":[193,197],"6-16)":[194],"versus":[195],"8":[196],"6-11),":[198],"p=0.027.":[199],"In":[200,243],"adjusted":[202,248],"model,":[204],"1.877-point":[211],"(95%":[215,252],"CI":[216,253,293,301],"0.164-3.590;":[217],"p=0.032),":[218],"although":[219,304],"effect":[221,329],"modest":[223],"model":[225,290,298,348],"explanatory":[226],"power":[227],"limited":[229],"(adjusted":[230],"R\u00b2=0.073).":[231],"There":[232],"no":[234],"significant":[235,272],"gradient":[237],"across":[238],"I-IV":[241],"(p=0.167).":[242],"anterior-circulation-only":[245],"analysis,":[246],"coefficient":[249],"1.810":[251],"-0.023":[254],"to":[255],"3.643;":[256],"p=0.053).":[257],"Timing-restricted":[258],"showed":[260],"similar":[261],"or":[262],"slightly":[263],"larger":[264],"coefficients.":[265],"Exploratory":[266],"regional":[267,341],"analysis":[269],"not":[271],"overall":[273],"(p=0.079).":[274],"For":[275],">15,":[278],"odds":[285],"both":[287],"five-predictor":[289],"(aOR=3.79,":[291],"95%":[292,300],"1.23-11.64;":[294],"p=0.020)":[295],"parsimonious":[297],"(aOR=3.65,":[299],"1.20-11.14;":[302],"p=0.023),":[303],"CIs":[305],"wide.":[307],"Conclusions":[308],"Incomplete":[309],"anatomy":[311],"after":[323],"adjustment,":[324],"continuous":[328],"modest.":[331],"absence":[333],"monotonic":[336],"gradient,":[339],"non-significant":[340],"analyses,":[342],"attenuation":[344],"anterior-circulation":[347],"argue":[349],"against":[350],"binary":[352],"completeness":[354],"as":[355],"stand-alone":[357],"marker":[358],"capacity.":[361],"association":[366],"imprecise":[368],"should":[370,376],"be":[371,377],"interpreted":[372],"cautiously.":[373],"broader":[381],"vascular":[382],"context.":[385]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-09-25T00:00:00"}