{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214125013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116798","title":"Navigating the Diagnostic Challenges of Colloid Milium: A Case Report","display_name":"Navigating the Diagnostic Challenges of Colloid Milium: A Case Report","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214125013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116798","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42921336","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13694129"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.116798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116798","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116798","pdf_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/504256-navigating-the-diagnostic-challenges-of-colloid-milium-a-case-report.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/504256-navigating-the-diagnostic-challenges-of-colloid-milium-a-case-report.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5096999340","display_name":"Malika Oblokulova","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096951","display_name":"Central Asian University","ror":"https://ror.org/00x6wnm78","country_code":"UZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096951"]}],"countries":["UZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malika Oblokulova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Central Asian University, Tashkent, UZB"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Central Asian University, Tashkent, UZB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152515915","display_name":"Malika Solmetova","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405267534","display_name":"Tashkent State Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/035cgyb19","country_code":"UZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405267534"]}],"countries":["UZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malika Solmetova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology, Tashkent State Medical University, Tashkent, UZB"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology, Tashkent State Medical University, Tashkent, UZB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405267534"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137586782","display_name":"Mark Chumack","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4397-6541","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4397-6541"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Chumack","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028694405","display_name":"Yana Turkowski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1349-5279","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1349-5279"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801671727","display_name":"VA Boston Healthcare System","ror":"https://ror.org/04v00sg98","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I2801671727","https://openalex.org/I4210095851"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yana Turkowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801671727"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028694405"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801671727"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70987483,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"9","first_page":"e116798","last_page":"e116798"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13597","display_name":"Medicine and Dermatology Studies History","score":0.8008000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2708","display_name":"Dermatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13597","display_name":"Medicine and Dermatology Studies History","score":0.8008000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2708","display_name":"Dermatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11868","display_name":"Cancer and Skin Lesions","score":0.046300001442432404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2708","display_name":"Dermatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12600","display_name":"Eosinophilic Disorders and Syndromes","score":0.04610000178217888,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/colloid-milium","display_name":"colloid milium","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/melasma","display_name":"melasma","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-diagnosis","display_name":"differential diagnosis","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/misdiagnosis","display_name":"misdiagnosis","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histopathology","display_name":"histopathology","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dermal-papilla","display_name":"dermal papilla","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sun-exposure","display_name":"sun exposure","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atypical-presentation","display_name":"atypical presentation","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-lesions","display_name":"facial skin lesions","score":0.4740000069141388}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9502999782562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.42100000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59789625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181780","display_name":"Colloid","level":2,"score":0.328900009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779296933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779478","display_name":"Colloid cyst","level":3,"score":0.32019999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.3125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.2946000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.28679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989236134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Patient care","level":2,"score":0.23800000548362732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61434518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932510","display_name":"General surgery","level":1,"score":0.23569999635219574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.22609999775886536}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.116798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116798","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116798","pdf_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/504256-navigating-the-diagnostic-challenges-of-colloid-milium-a-case-report.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42921336","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42921336","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Case Reports"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13694129","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13694129/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.116798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116798","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116798","pdf_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/504256-navigating-the-diagnostic-challenges-of-colloid-milium-a-case-report.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/case-report","display_name":"Case Report"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214125013.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214125013.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1805764390","https://openalex.org/W1973732566","https://openalex.org/W1977043269","https://openalex.org/W2034268988","https://openalex.org/W2034831011","https://openalex.org/W2053874709","https://openalex.org/W2081180964","https://openalex.org/W2146534933","https://openalex.org/W2153998289","https://openalex.org/W2161680901","https://openalex.org/W2268207747","https://openalex.org/W2333185199","https://openalex.org/W2956571743","https://openalex.org/W4233807550"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4393353219","https://openalex.org/W2593338247","https://openalex.org/W2333185199","https://openalex.org/W4298849369","https://openalex.org/W74720149","https://openalex.org/W1486329975","https://openalex.org/W2336850476","https://openalex.org/W2566905033","https://openalex.org/W7217451114","https://openalex.org/W4382775845"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Colloid":[0],"milium":[1],"(CM),":[2],"also":[3],"known":[4],"as":[5,81,175],"cutaneous":[6],"hyalinosis":[7],"or":[8],"colloid":[9],"degeneration":[10],"of":[11,23,37,101,111,126,152,169,178,185,188,195],"the":[12,21,28,52,83,99,109,123,138,150,154,166,179,192,199],"skin,":[13],"is":[14,60],"an":[15,35],"underreported":[16],"dermatological":[17],"condition":[18,84],"characterized":[19],"by":[20],"accumulation":[22],"eosinophilic,":[24],"homogeneous":[25],"deposits":[26],"in":[27,39,72,133,149,197],"dermal":[29],"papillae.":[30],"This":[31,58,172],"case":[32,59,161,173],"report":[33],"presents":[34],"instance":[36],"CM":[38,63,189],"a":[40,66,73,113,129,146,162,176],"48-year-old":[41],"female":[42],"patient":[43],"who":[44],"exhibited":[45],"yellow-brown":[46],"papules":[47],"confluent":[48],"into":[49],"plaques":[50],"on":[51,104],"face,":[53],"neck,":[54],"and":[55,78,107,190],"dorsal":[56],"hands.":[57],"unique":[61],"because":[62],"presented":[64],"with":[65],"clinical":[67,105,183],"appearance":[68],"resembling":[69],"chloasma,":[70,82],"resulting":[71],"diagnostic":[74],"challenge.":[75],"Initially":[76],"misdiagnosed":[77],"ineffectively":[79],"treated":[80],"remained":[85],"unrecognized":[86],"for":[87,121],"several":[88],"years,":[89],"further":[90],"complicating":[91],"her":[92,134],"cosmetic":[93],"concerns.":[94],"The":[95],"atypical":[96,186],"presentation":[97],"highlights":[98],"difficulty":[100],"relying":[102],"solely":[103],"morphology":[106],"underscores":[108],"importance":[110],"maintaining":[112],"broad":[114],"differential":[115],"diagnosis.":[116,200],"Histopathological":[117],"examination":[118],"was":[119],"essential":[120],"establishing":[122],"definitive":[124],"diagnosis":[125],"CM,":[127,153],"marking":[128],"crucial":[130],"turning":[131],"point":[132],"treatment":[135],"journey.":[136],"Despite":[137],"general":[139],"understanding":[140],"that":[141],"prolonged":[142],"sun":[143],"exposure":[144],"plays":[145],"significant":[147],"role":[148,194],"pathogenesis":[151],"precise":[155],"mechanisms":[156],"remain":[157],"unclear,":[158],"making":[159],"this":[160],"valuable":[163],"addition":[164],"to":[165,181],"ongoing":[167],"exploration":[168],"its":[170],"etiology.":[171],"serves":[174],"reminder":[177],"need":[180],"improve":[182],"recognition":[184],"presentations":[187],"emphasizes":[191],"important":[193],"histopathology":[196],"confirming":[198]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-09-24T00:00:00"}
