{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214080946","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.26784","title":"Error Suppression in Distributed Quantum Computing with Heterogeneous-Distance Lattice Surgery","display_name":"Error Suppression in Distributed Quantum Computing with Heterogeneous-Distance Lattice Surgery","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214080946","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.26784"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.26784","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.26784","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.26784","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.26784","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007527952","display_name":"Daniel Dilley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8821-4059","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8821-4059"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dilley, Daniel","raw_affiliation_strings":["memQ Inc. , Chicago , IL 60615 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"memQ Inc. , Chicago , IL 60615 , USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116345538","display_name":"Anastashia Jebraeilli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8725-2088","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8725-2088"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282105669","display_name":"Argonne National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gvnxz63","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282105669","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jebraeilli, Anastashia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematics and Computer Science Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , IL 60439 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics and Computer Science Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , IL 60439 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282105669"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152527028","display_name":"Rayat Roy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282105669","display_name":"Argonne National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gvnxz63","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282105669","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roy, Rayat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematics and Computer Science Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , IL 60439 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics and Computer Science Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , IL 60439 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282105669"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152528195","display_name":"Shobhit Gupta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gupta, Shobhit","raw_affiliation_strings":["memQ Inc. , Chicago , IL 60615 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"memQ Inc. , Chicago , IL 60615 , USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005506838","display_name":"Alvin Gonzales","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1635-106X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1635-106X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282105669","display_name":"Argonne National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gvnxz63","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282105669","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gonzales, Alvin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematics and Computer Science Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , IL 60439 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics and Computer Science Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , IL 60439 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282105669"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111346007","display_name":"Zain Saleem","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282105669","display_name":"Argonne National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gvnxz63","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282105669","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saleem, Zain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematics and Computer Science Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , IL 60439 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics and Computer Science Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , IL 60439 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282105669"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11804","display_name":"Quantum many-body systems","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lattice-surgery","display_name":"lattice surgery","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-quantum-computing","display_name":"distributed quantum computing","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotated-surface-code","display_name":"rotated surface code","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logical-error-rate","display_name":"logical error rate","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"fault tolerance","score":0.6340000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203087015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378201","display_name":"Qubit","level":3,"score":0.5958999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.5648000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51003876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1536431","display_name":"Quantum error correction","level":4,"score":0.5527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5141000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4984999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103088060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062839","display_name":"Error detection and correction","level":2,"score":0.49799999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781204021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6497091","display_name":"Lattice (music)","level":2,"score":0.4690999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.43459999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197129107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1921621","display_name":"Merge (version control)","level":2,"score":0.36160001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3474999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.33869999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122527463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578430","display_name":"Quantum decoherence","level":3,"score":0.3382999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24885549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339678","display_name":"Distributed data store","level":2,"score":0.3262999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169699857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122243","display_name":"Quantum information","level":3,"score":0.32589998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58849907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2118982","display_name":"Quantum gate","level":4,"score":0.3156000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.30090001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.298799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71112949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873036","display_name":"Self-stabilization","level":3,"score":0.2912999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70061542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989016","display_name":"Distributed database","level":2,"score":0.2768000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130120984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2835898","display_name":"Distributed algorithm","level":2,"score":0.2718000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.257099986076355}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.26784","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.26784","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.26784","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2609.26784","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.26784","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.26784","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.26784","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.26784","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.26784","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","display_name":"Office of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00mmn6b08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337506","display_name":"Advanced Scientific Computing Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0012c7r22"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337547","display_name":"Laboratory Directed Research and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/01e41cf67"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214080946.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214080946.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973267088","https://openalex.org/W2055746725","https://openalex.org/W2157276712","https://openalex.org/W2167413626","https://openalex.org/W2950729444","https://openalex.org/W3182013816","https://openalex.org/W4311647366","https://openalex.org/W4404569756","https://openalex.org/W4414684681","https://openalex.org/W4415963278","https://openalex.org/W7083206378","https://openalex.org/W7128640120","https://openalex.org/W7133295143","https://openalex.org/W7155528838","https://openalex.org/W7160414703","https://openalex.org/W7172356937","https://openalex.org/W7212573384"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7172356937","https://openalex.org/W7171734836","https://openalex.org/W7134268901","https://openalex.org/W4416529063","https://openalex.org/W7216437037","https://openalex.org/W7208718870","https://openalex.org/W7171784681","https://openalex.org/W4406231648","https://openalex.org/W4311704825","https://openalex.org/W2614014687"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Distributed":[0],"quantum":[1,54,201],"computing":[2],"requires":[3],"fault-tolerant":[4,199],"operations":[5,92,157],"across":[6],"inter-QPU":[7,68],"links":[8],"that":[9,109],"can":[10],"be":[11,50],"substantially":[12],"noisier":[13],"than":[14,182],"local":[15,31,105],"gates.":[16],"Uniformly":[17],"increasing":[18],"code":[19],"distance":[20,77,134],"provides":[21],"additional":[22],"protection":[23],"but":[24],"also":[25,146],"enlarges":[26],"data":[27,74,161],"patches":[28,75],"used":[29],"for":[30,52],"storage":[32],"and":[33,90,179],"computation.":[34],"Here,":[35],"we":[36],"introduce":[37],"distributed":[38,154,185,200],"heterogeneous-distance":[39],"lattice":[40,124],"surgery":[41,125],"using":[42,163],"an":[43],"eight-data-patch":[44],"ancilla-mediated":[45],"(8-DAM)":[46],"architecture,":[47,62],"which":[48],"will":[49],"useful":[51],"near-term":[53],"devices":[55],"with":[56,132,141],"less":[57],"qubit":[58],"overhead.":[59,144],"In":[60],"this":[61,172],"the":[63,67,73],"central":[64],"ancilla":[65,192],"spanning":[66],"boundary":[69],"is":[70],"enlarged":[71,166],"while":[72],"retain":[76],"$d$.":[78],"The":[79,119],"protocol":[80],"uses":[81],"traveling":[82],"stabilizers":[83],"to":[84,198],"suppress":[85],"hook":[86],"errors":[87,129],"during":[88],"merge":[89],"split":[91],"between":[93,158],"these":[94],"unequal-distance":[95],"patches.":[96],"Circuit-level":[97],"simulations":[98],"of":[99],"rotated":[100],"surface":[101],"codes":[102],"at":[103],"fixed":[104],"depolarizing":[106],"noise":[107],"show":[108],"logical-readout":[110],"error":[111,139,177],"rates":[112,178],"depend":[113],"only":[114],"weakly":[115],"on":[116],"link":[117,128,170],"noise.":[118],"resulting":[120],"advantage":[121],"over":[122],"conventional":[123],"grows":[126],"as":[127,194],"increase.":[130],"Comparisons":[131],"uniform":[133],"implementations":[135],"demonstrate":[136,147],"comparable":[137],"logical":[138,155,160,176,186],"suppression":[140],"reduced":[142],"physical-qubit":[143],"We":[145],"how":[148],"8-DAM":[149],"layouts":[150],"support":[151,190],"two":[152,183],"simultaneous":[153],"CNOT":[156],"four":[159],"qubits":[162],"a":[164,195],"single":[165],"ancilla.":[167],"At":[168],"higher":[169],"noise,":[171],"construction":[173],"yields":[174],"lower":[175],"more":[180],"stability":[181],"independent":[184],"CNOTs.":[187],"These":[188],"results":[189],"selective":[191],"enlargement":[193],"resource-efficient":[196],"approach":[197],"computing.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-09-24T00:00:00"}
