{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214077216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.26030","title":"Intrinsic switching leads to oxygen diffusion and breakdown in hafnia ferroelectrics","display_name":"Intrinsic switching leads to oxygen diffusion and breakdown in hafnia ferroelectrics","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214077216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.26030"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.26030","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.26030","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.26030","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.26030","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079100036","display_name":"Xabier Diaz de Cerio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2389-1905","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2389-1905"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112527","display_name":"Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01t178j62","country_code":"LU","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112527"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"de Cerio, Xabier Diaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smart Materials Unit , Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) ; Esch-sur- Alzette , Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Materials Unit , Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) ; Esch-sur- Alzette , Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120470578","display_name":"I\u00f1igo Robredo-Magro","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112527","display_name":"Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01t178j62","country_code":"LU","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112527"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robredo-Magro, I\u00f1igo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smart Materials Unit , Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) ; Esch-sur- Alzette , Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Materials Unit , Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) ; Esch-sur- Alzette , Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112527"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085683797","display_name":"Jorge \u00cd\u00f1iguez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6435-3604","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6435-3604"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112527","display_name":"Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01t178j62","country_code":"LU","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112527"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u00cd\u00f1iguez-Gonz\u00e1lez, Jorge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics and Materials Science , University of Luxembourg ; Belvaux , Luxembourg","Smart Materials Unit , Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) ; Esch-sur- Alzette , Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics and Materials Science , University of Luxembourg ; Belvaux , Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Materials Unit , Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) ; Esch-sur- Alzette , Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112527"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9657999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9657999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10107","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials","score":0.031599998474121094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10886","display_name":"Multiferroics and related materials","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hafnium-oxide","display_name":"hafnium oxide","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen-diffusion","display_name":"oxygen diffusion","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/switching-kinetics","display_name":"switching kinetics","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning-molecular-dynamics","display_name":"machine learning molecular dynamics","score":0.7149999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776778127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140736","display_name":"Hafnia","level":4,"score":0.9614999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5626000165939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.551800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69357855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163214","display_name":"Diffusion","level":2,"score":0.48829999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199310435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7659121","display_name":"Switching time","level":2,"score":0.47940000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60799052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46221","display_name":"Electric field","level":2,"score":0.4521999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.43070000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781204021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6497091","display_name":"Lattice (music)","level":2,"score":0.392300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79090758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045739","display_name":"Ferroelectricity","level":3,"score":0.38989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C540031477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629","display_name":"Oxygen","level":2,"score":0.3781999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148898269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1108792","display_name":"Kinetics","level":2,"score":0.31189998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3084000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74859849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2466686","display_name":"Non-equilibrium thermodynamics","level":2,"score":0.2890999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159467904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001702","display_name":"Chemical physics","level":1,"score":0.2847999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2694000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24169881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186608","display_name":"Phonon","level":2,"score":0.26409998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780147050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5155085","display_name":"Commutation","level":3,"score":0.26249998807907104}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.26030","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.26030","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.26030","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2609.26030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.26030","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.26030","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.26030","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.26030","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.26030","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3294494279","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"INTER/NSF/24/18804122/PIEZOHAFNIA","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321038","funder_display_name":"Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3838941305","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"INTER/NSF/24/18804122","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321038","funder_display_name":"Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G670220868","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BRIDGES/18421428/SWITCHON","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321038","funder_display_name":"Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307102","display_name":"Intel Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321038","display_name":"Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/039z13y21"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214077216.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214077216.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4412803527","https://openalex.org/W3120860846","https://openalex.org/W4319453537","https://openalex.org/W4389217350","https://openalex.org/W2568885332","https://openalex.org/W4406593335","https://openalex.org/W7135041918","https://openalex.org/W7128378564","https://openalex.org/W4400159301","https://openalex.org/W7211889755"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Conventional":[0],"ferroelectrics":[1,12,40],"exhibit":[2],"well-defined":[3],"polarization":[4],"states":[5],"linked":[6],"through":[7,113],"electric":[8],"switching.":[9],"In":[10],"fluorite-structured":[11],"like":[13],"hafnia,":[14],"though,":[15],"switching":[16,34,49,77,97],"and":[17,35],"oxygen":[18,89],"diffusion":[19,36],"seem":[20],"to":[21,88,99],"coexist,":[22],"enriching":[23],"the":[24,31,65,72],"nature":[25],"of":[26,38],"ferroelectricity.":[27],"Here":[28],"we":[29],"address":[30],"intrinsic,":[32],"room-temperature":[33],"kinetics":[37],"hafnia":[39,102],"using":[41],"machine-learning":[42],"molecular":[43],"dynamics.":[44],"We":[45],"identify":[46],"two":[47,80],"distinct":[48],"mechanisms":[50],"that":[51,95],"are":[52],"both":[53],"active":[54],"at":[55],"realistic":[56],"time":[57],"scales.":[58],"Critically,":[59],"our":[60],"simulations":[61],"reveal":[62],"that,":[63],"because":[64],"lattice":[66],"does":[67],"not":[68],"dissipate":[69],"fast":[70],"enough":[71],"heat":[73],"originating":[74],"from":[75],"localized":[76],"events,":[78],"these":[79],"processes":[81],"concatenate":[82],"in":[83,101],"an":[84],"avalanche-like":[85],"manner":[86],"leading":[87],"conduction.":[90],"Our":[91],"results":[92],"thus":[93],"show":[94],"intrinsic":[96],"leads":[98],"breakdown":[100],"ferroelectrics.":[103],"They":[104],"also":[105],"suggest":[106],"how":[107],"this":[108],"outcome":[109],"might":[110],"be":[111],"avoided":[112],"suitably":[114],"designed":[115],"field":[116],"pulses.":[117]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-09-24T00:00:00"}