{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214076150","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-563","title":"A National Depth-Resolved Soil-Moisture-to-Electromagnetic Proxy Database for Hydrogeophysical Monitoring","display_name":"A National Depth-Resolved Soil-Moisture-to-Electromagnetic Proxy Database for Hydrogeophysical Monitoring","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214076150","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-563"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5194/essd-2026-563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-563","pdf_url":"https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-563/essd-2026-563.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2210937","display_name":"Earth System Science Data Discussions","issn_l":"1866-3591","issn":["1866-3591"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Earth System Science Data Discussions","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-563/essd-2026-563.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027174132","display_name":"Diaa Sheishah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2050-6474","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2050-6474"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I227486990","display_name":"University of Szeged","ror":"https://ror.org/01pnej532","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I227486990"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Diaa Sheishah","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Szeged (Szeged, Hungary)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2050-6474","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Szeged (Szeged, Hungary)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I227486990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031201970","display_name":"Enas Abdelsamei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8332-6887","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8332-6887"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I227486990","display_name":"University of Szeged","ror":"https://ror.org/01pnej532","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I227486990"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112040","display_name":"National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/01cb2rv04","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112040"]}],"countries":["EG","HU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enas Abdelsamei","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, 11421, El Marsad st., Helwan, Cairo, Egypt","University of Szeged, Department of Physical and Environmental Geography, 6722 Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6., Hungary"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, 11421, El Marsad st., Helwan, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112040"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Szeged, Department of Physical and Environmental Geography, 6722 Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6., Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I227486990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019622281","display_name":"Vikt\u00f3ria Blanka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6364-109X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6364-109X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I227486990","display_name":"University of Szeged","ror":"https://ror.org/01pnej532","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I227486990"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Viktoria Blanka-Vegi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Szeged, Department of Physical and Environmental Geography, 6722 Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6., Hungary"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Szeged, Department of Physical and Environmental Geography, 6722 Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6., Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I227486990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020526863","display_name":"K\u00e1roly Barta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9450-5277","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9450-5277"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I227486990","display_name":"University of Szeged","ror":"https://ror.org/01pnej532","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I227486990"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K\u00e1roly Barta","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Szeged, Department of Physical and Environmental Geography, 6722 Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6., Hungary"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Szeged, Department of Physical and Environmental Geography, 6722 Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6., Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I227486990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151628963","display_name":"Ahmed M. Ali","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I227486990","display_name":"University of Szeged","ror":"https://ror.org/01pnej532","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I227486990"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112040","display_name":"National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/01cb2rv04","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112040"]}],"countries":["EG","HU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed M. Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, 11421, El Marsad st., Helwan, Cairo, Egypt","University of Szeged, Department of Physical and Environmental Geography, 6722 Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6., Hungary"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, 11421, El Marsad st., Helwan, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112040"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Szeged, Department of Physical and Environmental Geography, 6722 Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6., Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I227486990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152506366","display_name":"Khaldoun Abualhin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926574661","display_name":"Leipzig University","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khaldoun Abualhin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Earth System Science and Remote Sensing, University of Leipzig, Talstr. 35, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Earth System Science and Remote Sensing, University of Leipzig, Talstr. 35, 04103 Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041537250","display_name":"Djamil Al\u2010Halbouni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2254-3914","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2254-3914"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926574661","display_name":"Leipzig University","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Djamil Al-Halbouni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Earth System Science and Remote Sensing, University of Leipzig, Talstr. 35, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2254-3914","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Earth System Science and Remote Sensing, University of Leipzig, Talstr. 35, 04103 Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061910536","display_name":"Wouter Arnoud Dorigo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8054-7572","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8054-7572"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wouter Dorigo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, Technische Universitaet Wien (TU Wien), Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8054-7572","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, Technische Universitaet Wien (TU Wien), Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020147745","display_name":"Gy\u00f6rgy S\u00edpos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6224-2361","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6224-2361"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I227486990","display_name":"University of Szeged","ror":"https://ror.org/01pnej532","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I227486990"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gyorgy Sipos","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Szeged (Szeged, Hungary)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Szeged (Szeged, Hungary)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I227486990"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020147745","https://openalex.org/A5027174132"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I227486990"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.4993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.4993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.4580000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10572","display_name":"Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods","score":0.01850000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-moisture","display_name":"soil moisture","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-penetrating-radar","display_name":"ground penetrating radar","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-resistivity","display_name":"electrical resistivity","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dielectric-constant","display_name":"dielectric constant","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apparent-resistivity","display_name":"apparent resistivity","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/petrophysical-relationships","display_name":"petrophysical relationships","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archie-s-equation","display_name":"Archie equation","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-texture","display_name":"soil texture","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drought-monitoring","display_name":"drought monitoring","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irrigation-planning","display_name":"irrigation planning","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-agriculture","display_name":"precision agriculture","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hungary","display_name":"Hungary","score":0.3930000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.7071999907493591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164285268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7159349","display_name":"Pedotransfer function","level":4,"score":0.6862999796867371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6541000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175963888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5026010","display_name":"Soil texture","level":3,"score":0.6401000022888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24939127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373499","display_name":"Water content","level":2,"score":0.6237999796867371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.5698000192642212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780148112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432581","display_name":"Proxy (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.4961000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46293882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2080707","display_name":"Petrophysics","level":3,"score":0.47040000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153823671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049799","display_name":"Water resources","level":2,"score":0.43470001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176864760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217651","display_name":"Moisture","level":2,"score":0.41819998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.3953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986736532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211569","display_name":"Dielectric permittivity","level":4,"score":0.357699990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53739315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29425295","display_name":"Streamflow","level":3,"score":0.34310001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.31619998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69990965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65402698","display_name":"Electrical resistivity and conductivity","level":2,"score":0.30790001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3075000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94747663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574086","display_name":"Spatial variability","level":2,"score":0.2863999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156634047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878214","display_name":"Soil horizon","level":3,"score":0.27869999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71864017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889561","display_name":"Soil map","level":3,"score":0.2720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35588792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1479708","display_name":"Vadose zone","level":3,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71813955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503560","display_name":"Ground-penetrating radar","level":3,"score":0.2660999894142151}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5194/essd-2026-563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-563","pdf_url":"https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-563/essd-2026-563.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2210937","display_name":"Earth System Science Data Discussions","issn_l":"1866-3591","issn":["1866-3591"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Earth System Science Data Discussions","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5194/essd-2026-563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-563","pdf_url":"https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2026-563/essd-2026-563.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2210937","display_name":"Earth System Science Data Discussions","issn_l":"1866-3591","issn":["1866-3591"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Earth System Science Data Discussions","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.5666999816894531}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329149","display_name":"Szegedi Tudom\u00e1nyegyetem","ror":"https://ror.org/01pnej532"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214076150.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214076150.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1552038623","https://openalex.org/W1643664725","https://openalex.org/W1678356000","https://openalex.org/W1742308188","https://openalex.org/W1965483628","https://openalex.org/W1971716077","https://openalex.org/W1976496431","https://openalex.org/W1998742682","https://openalex.org/W2004426713","https://openalex.org/W2009847233","https://openalex.org/W2025105905","https://openalex.org/W2036887984","https://openalex.org/W2056132907","https://openalex.org/W2087452412","https://openalex.org/W2097262760","https://openalex.org/W2136473800","https://openalex.org/W2147169375","https://openalex.org/W2151967815","https://openalex.org/W2156816671","https://openalex.org/W2803688966","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2918506850","https://openalex.org/W2938451940","https://openalex.org/W2940033432","https://openalex.org/W3002487798","https://openalex.org/W3033838585","https://openalex.org/W4223504430","https://openalex.org/W4280559892","https://openalex.org/W4285395250","https://openalex.org/W4303195676","https://openalex.org/W4309195119","https://openalex.org/W4317861761","https://openalex.org/W4323836331","https://openalex.org/W4327716985","https://openalex.org/W4376128505","https://openalex.org/W4378800818","https://openalex.org/W4379046758","https://openalex.org/W4386250157","https://openalex.org/W4400615344","https://openalex.org/W4401620670","https://openalex.org/W4403615172","https://openalex.org/W4405735061","https://openalex.org/W4415982171","https://openalex.org/W7126425868","https://openalex.org/W7138913072","https://openalex.org/W7147265757","https://openalex.org/W7150165510","https://openalex.org/W7168344234"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4294660598","https://openalex.org/W1648902982","https://openalex.org/W7204890988","https://openalex.org/W1967512913","https://openalex.org/W2324542761","https://openalex.org/W2059208864","https://openalex.org/W1839361637","https://openalex.org/W3027664301","https://openalex.org/W3049346881","https://openalex.org/W7169668609"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract.":[0],"Soil":[1],"moisture":[2,122,147],"is":[3],"a":[4,61,139,159,224],"key":[5],"control":[6],"on":[7,52],"drought,":[8],"recharge,":[9],"crop":[10],"water":[11,14,192],"availability,":[12],"agricultural":[13],"management,":[15],"and":[16,40,55,71,75,85,100,111,131,165,184,193,236,246],"land-atmosphere":[17],"exchange,":[18],"but":[19],"its":[20],"depth-resolved":[21],"spatial":[22],"variability":[23],"remains":[24],"difficult":[25],"to":[26,67,149,169],"monitor":[27],"over":[28],"large":[29],"areas.":[30],"Non-invasive":[31],"methods":[32],"such":[33],"as":[34,116],"ground-penetrating":[35],"radar":[36],"(GPR),":[37],"electrical":[38,108],"resistivity,":[39],"electromagnetic":[41],"surveys":[42,240],"can":[43],"support":[44,68],"soil-moisture":[45,216],"estimation,":[46],"yet":[47],"their":[48],"interpretation":[49],"depends":[50],"strongly":[51,174],"soil":[53,121,146,219,247],"texture":[54],"hydraulic-retention":[56,86],"properties.":[57],"This":[58],"study":[59],"develops":[60],"national":[62,226],"six-depth":[63],"soil-moisture-to-electromagnetic":[64],"proxy":[65,117,136],"database":[66,137],"future":[69,237],"GPR-":[70],"resistivity-based":[72],"root-zone":[73],"monitoring":[74,90,245],"decision":[76],"support.":[77],"We":[78],"used":[79],"multi-year":[80],"soil-moisture,":[81],"porosity,":[82],"saturation,":[83],"texture,":[84],"data":[87],"from":[88,119],"117":[89],"stations":[91],"across":[92,218],"Hungary":[93],"at":[94,154],"10,":[95],"20,":[96],"30,":[97],"45,":[98],"60,":[99],"75":[101],"cm":[102,142],"depth.":[103],"Dielectric":[104],"permittivity,":[105],"EM-wave":[106,156],"velocity,":[107],"conductivity,":[109],"attenuation,":[110],"apparent":[112,166],"resistivity":[113,167,210],"were":[114,182],"derived":[115],"variables":[118,199],"observed":[120],"using":[123],"established":[124],"petrophysical":[125],"relationships,":[126],"including":[127],"the":[128,176],"Topp":[129],"equation":[130],"an":[132],"Archie-type":[133],"formulation.":[134],"The":[135,221],"identified":[138],"consistent":[140],"30-45":[141],"buffering":[143],"zone,":[144],"where":[145],"increased":[148],"22.25%,":[150],"dielectric":[151,196],"permittivity":[152],"peaked":[153],"12.29,":[155],"velocity":[157],"reached":[158],"minimum":[160],"of":[161],"0.0935":[162],"m":[163],"ns\u207b\u00b9,":[164],"decreased":[168],"545":[170],"\u03a9":[171],"m.":[172],"Texture":[173],"shaped":[175],"translated":[177],"EM":[178,208],"response:":[179],"sandy":[180],"soils":[181,189],"drier":[183],"more":[185,191],"resistive,":[186],"whereas":[187],"clayey":[188],"retained":[190],"showed":[194],"higher":[195],"response.":[197],"Hydraulic-retention":[198],"provided":[200],"calibration-relevant":[201],"prior":[202],"information":[203],"for":[204,229],"explaining":[205],"why":[206],"similar":[207],"or":[209],"signals":[211],"may":[212],"represent":[213],"different":[214],"true":[215],"values":[217],"types.":[220],"framework":[222],"provides":[223],"transferable":[225],"calibration":[227],"layer":[228],"drought-monitoring":[230],"agencies,":[231],"irrigation":[232],"planners,":[233],"precision-agriculture":[234],"users,":[235],"drone-based":[238],"geophysical":[239],"in":[241],"regions":[242],"with":[243],"comparable":[244],"databases.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-09-24T00:00:00"}