{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214031893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116733","title":"Effects of Tirzepatide on Pancreatic \u03b2-Cell Function in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review","display_name":"Effects of Tirzepatide on Pancreatic \u03b2-Cell Function in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214031893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116733","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42923463","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13688617"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.116733","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116733","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116733","pdf_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/532720-effects-of-tirzepatide-on-pancreatic--cell-function-in-adults-with-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-a-systematic-review.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/532720-effects-of-tirzepatide-on-pancreatic--cell-function-in-adults-with-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-a-systematic-review.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152458931","display_name":"Rasha Mahmoud","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150406212","display_name":"University of Khartoum","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbayz55","country_code":"SD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150406212"]}],"countries":["SD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rasha Mahmoud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ophthalmology, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, SDN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ophthalmology, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, SDN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150406212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139595137","display_name":"Ahmed Abdalla Zarrouq Yousif","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799680125","display_name":"Sligo University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03ke5zk82","country_code":"IE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799680125","https://openalex.org/I2800263200","https://openalex.org/I37076085","https://openalex.org/I4210128306","https://openalex.org/I4210136517"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Abdalla Zarrouq Yousif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Endocrinology, Sligo University Hospital, Sligo, IRL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Endocrinology, Sligo University Hospital, Sligo, IRL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799680125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139396560","display_name":"Alaa Fathelrahman Mokhtar Osman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800377614","display_name":"University Hospital Kerry","ror":"https://ror.org/03gth6e91","country_code":"IE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800263200","https://openalex.org/I2800377614","https://openalex.org/I37076085","https://openalex.org/I4210136517"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alaa Fathelrahman Mokhtar Osman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internal Medicine, University Hospital Kerry, Tralee, IRL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine, University Hospital Kerry, Tralee, IRL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800377614"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135105806","display_name":"Eltayeb Osman Elfaki Omer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eltayeb Osman Elfaki Omer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Endocrinology, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Hospital, Riyadh, SAU"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Endocrinology, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Hospital, Riyadh, SAU","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152494271","display_name":"Ayaa Ismail Ahmed Talaat","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53279716","display_name":"Ahfad University for Women","ror":"https://ror.org/01g5skz36","country_code":"SD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53279716"]}],"countries":["SD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayaa Ismail Ahmed Talaat","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Medicine, Ahfad University for Women, Khartoum, SDN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Medicine, Ahfad University for Women, Khartoum, SDN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53279716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152459969","display_name":"Omima Mohamed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omima Mohamed","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Medicine, Bon Secours Hospital Limerick, Limerick, IRL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Medicine, Bon Secours Hospital Limerick, Limerick, IRL","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152483453","display_name":"Shereen Alnagi Mohammed Akasha","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shereen Alnagi Mohammed Akasha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internal Medicine, Bupa Care Connect, Jeddah, SAU"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine, Bupa Care Connect, Jeddah, SAU","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014365687","display_name":"Eiman Saleh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emad Salah Fathy Saleh","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Medicine, Nizwa Hospital, Nizwa, OMN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Medicine, Nizwa Hospital, Nizwa, OMN","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139849410","display_name":"Hanady ME M Osman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanady ME M Osman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Quality Improvement and Patient Safety, Najran Armed Forces Hospital, Ministry of Defense Health Services, Najran, SAU"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Quality Improvement and Patient Safety, Najran Armed Forces Hospital, Ministry of Defense Health Services, Najran, SAU","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5152483453"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49308233,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"9","first_page":"e116733","last_page":"e116733"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10401","display_name":"Diabetes Treatment and Management","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10401","display_name":"Diabetes Treatment and Management","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10839","display_name":"Pancreatic function and diabetes","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tirzepatide","display_name":"tirzepatide","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta-cell-function","display_name":"beta-cell function","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gip-glp-1-receptor-agonist","display_name":"GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homa2-b","display_name":"HOMA2-B","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proinsulin","display_name":"proinsulin","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-peptide","display_name":"C-peptide","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-secretion","display_name":"insulin secretion","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dulaglutide","display_name":"dulaglutide","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semaglutide","display_name":"semaglutide","score":0.9760000109672546}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9743000268936157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.779699981212616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5950999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4196000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.39820000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994426959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9618","display_name":"Pancreatic function","level":3,"score":0.382999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910068830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","level":3,"score":0.3271999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.30000001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.29919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.29190000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.290800005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.2669999897480011}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.116733","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116733","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116733","pdf_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/532720-effects-of-tirzepatide-on-pancreatic--cell-function-in-adults-with-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-a-systematic-review.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13688617","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13688617/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13688617/pdf/cureus-0018-00000116733.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42923463","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42923463","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.116733","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116733","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116733","pdf_url":"https://www.cureus.com/articles/532720-effects-of-tirzepatide-on-pancreatic--cell-function-in-adults-with-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-a-systematic-review.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9922999739646912}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214031893.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214031893.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966756094","https://openalex.org/W2066898102","https://openalex.org/W2109728760","https://openalex.org/W2531269403","https://openalex.org/W2752336761","https://openalex.org/W2895135221","https://openalex.org/W2970684805","https://openalex.org/W3019350884","https://openalex.org/W3045729180","https://openalex.org/W3108676144","https://openalex.org/W3118615836","https://openalex.org/W3161292733","https://openalex.org/W3177122952","https://openalex.org/W3177393241","https://openalex.org/W3205201678","https://openalex.org/W4224257527","https://openalex.org/W4288740467","https://openalex.org/W4300689830","https://openalex.org/W4366769762","https://openalex.org/W4379471679","https://openalex.org/W4391091645","https://openalex.org/W4399032763","https://openalex.org/W4399671023","https://openalex.org/W4406132952","https://openalex.org/W4407559248","https://openalex.org/W4412544064","https://openalex.org/W4412560119","https://openalex.org/W4417523995"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4366769762","https://openalex.org/W7113896284","https://openalex.org/W7129626355","https://openalex.org/W4407559248","https://openalex.org/W4281938962","https://openalex.org/W4391091645","https://openalex.org/W4281717385","https://openalex.org/W2166232000","https://openalex.org/W3108676144","https://openalex.org/W4297329007"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Type":[0],"2":[1,111,126,160],"diabetes":[2],"mellitus":[3],"(T2DM)":[4],"is":[5],"driven":[6],"by":[7,165,187],"progressive":[8],"pancreatic":[9],"\u03b2-cell":[10,39,89,234],"failure,":[11],"and":[12,32,53,63,97,115,145,174,181,191,193,203,228,252,264],"few":[13],"glucose-lowering":[14],"agents":[15],"demonstrably":[16],"modify":[17],"this":[18],"defect.":[19],"This":[20,260],"systematic":[21],"review":[22,261],"assessed":[23],"whether":[24],"tirzepatide,":[25],"a":[26,85],"dual":[27],"glucose-dependent":[28],"insulinotropic":[29],"polypeptide":[30],"(GIP)":[31],"glucagon-like":[33],"peptide-1":[34],"(GLP-1)":[35],"receptor":[36,240],"agonist,":[37],"improves":[38,233],"function":[40,90,235,256],"in":[41,91,206,217,223,226,230],"adults":[42,92],"with":[43,73,107],"T2DM.":[44],"Following":[45],"the":[46,156,182,194,243],"Preferred":[47],"Reporting":[48],"Items":[49],"for":[50],"Systematic":[51],"Reviews":[52],"Meta-Analyses":[54],"(PRISMA)":[55],"2020":[56],"statement,":[57],"PubMed,":[58],"Web":[59],"of":[60,88,103,109,123,129,161,213,220],"Science,":[61],"Scopus":[62],"Embase":[64],"were":[65,78,100,136,149],"searched":[66],"from":[67,169],"inception":[68],"to":[69,167,189],"July":[70],"29,":[71],"2026,":[72],"citation":[74],"searching.":[75],"Eligible":[76],"reports":[77,99,140],"original":[79],"peer-reviewed":[80],"primary":[81],"human":[82],"studies":[83],"reporting":[84],"quantitative":[86],"measure":[87],"receiving":[93],"subcutaneous":[94],"tirzepatide;":[95],"preclinical":[96],"non-original":[98],"excluded.":[101],"Risk":[102,117,212],"bias":[104,110,214],"was":[105,215,262],"appraised":[106],"risk":[108],"(RoB":[112],"2)":[113],"tool":[114],"The":[116],"Of":[118],"Bias":[119],"In":[120],"Non-randomized":[121],"Studies":[122],"Interventions,":[124],"Version":[125],"(ROBINS-I).":[127],"Heterogeneity":[128],"outcome":[130],"metrics":[131],"precluded":[132],"meta-analysis,":[133],"so":[134],"findings":[135],"synthesised":[137],"narratively.":[138],"Eight":[139],"representing":[141],"six":[142],"distinct":[143],"populations":[144],"3,442":[146],"unique":[147],"participants":[148],"included.":[150],"Tirzepatide":[151,232],"5-15":[152],"mg":[153],"weekly":[154],"raised":[155],"Homeostasis":[157],"Model":[158],"Assessment":[159],"Beta-cell":[162],"Function":[163],"(HOMA2-B)":[164],"77%":[166],"163%":[168],"baseline,":[170],"exceeding":[171],"placebo,":[172],"dulaglutide":[173],"semaglutide":[175],"1":[176],"mg;":[177],"fasting":[178],"intact":[179,183],"proinsulin":[180],"proinsulin/C-peptide":[184],"ratio":[185],"fell":[186,205],"up":[188],"55%":[190],"49%;":[192],"clamp":[195],"disposition":[196],"index":[197],"rose":[198],"approximately":[199],"six-fold.":[200],"Fasting":[201],"insulin":[202],"C-peptide":[204],"parallel,":[207],"indicating":[208],"reduced":[209],"secretory":[210],"demand.":[211],"low":[216],"four":[218],"reports,":[219],"some":[221],"concern":[222],"one,":[224],"high":[225],"two":[227],"serious":[229],"one.":[231],"indices":[236],"beyond":[237],"selective":[238],"GLP-1":[239],"agonism,":[241],"but":[242],"evidence":[244],"rests":[245],"largely":[246],"on":[247],"post":[248],"hoc,":[249],"industry-funded":[250],"analyses":[251],"no":[253],"study":[254],"examined":[255],"after":[257],"drug":[258],"withdrawal.":[259],"unfunded":[263],"unregistered.":[265]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-09-23T00:00:00"}
