{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7214012188","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140980","title":"Quark orbital angular momentum from chiral symmetry breaking in QCD","display_name":"Quark orbital angular momentum from chiral symmetry breaking in QCD","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7214012188","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140980"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140980","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140980","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0370269326008300/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173952182","display_name":"Physics Letters B","issn_l":"0370-2693","issn":["0370-2693","1873-2445"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physics Letters B","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0370269326008300/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037425476","display_name":"June-Young Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5666-6819","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5666-6819"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191879574","display_name":"Inha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01easw929","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"June-Young Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5666-6819","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001435566","display_name":"Ho-Yeon Won","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9719-7043","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9719-7043"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142476485","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique","ror":"https://ror.org/05hy3tk52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142476485","https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111960","display_name":"Centre de Physique Th\u00e9orique","ror":"https://ror.org/02bsd9p69","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I142476485","https://openalex.org/I4210098836","https://openalex.org/I4210111960","https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145102","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique de Paris","ror":"https://ror.org/042tfbd02","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ho-Yeon Won","raw_affiliation_strings":["CPHT, CNRS, \u00c9cole polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9719-7043","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CPHT, CNRS, \u00c9cole polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I142476485","https://openalex.org/I4210111960","https://openalex.org/I4210145102"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119910901","display_name":"Christian Weiss","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0296-5802","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0296-5802"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29801172","display_name":"Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility","ror":"https://ror.org/02vwzrd76","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I29801172","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christian Weiss","raw_affiliation_strings":["Theory Center, Jefferson Lab, Newport News 23606, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0296-5802","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Theory Center, Jefferson Lab, Newport News 23606, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29801172"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5119910901"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29801172"],"apc_list":{"value":0,"currency":"USD","value_usd":0},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6757,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85925389,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"882","issue":null,"first_page":"140980","last_page":"140980"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10224","display_name":"Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10224","display_name":"Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10048","display_name":"Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10527","display_name":"High-Energy Particle Collisions Research","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quark-orbital-angular-momentum","display_name":"quark orbital angular momentum","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chiral-symmetry-breaking","display_name":"chiral symmetry breaking","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qcd-instantons","display_name":"QCD instantons","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-nc-limit","display_name":"large Nc limit","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proton-spin-structure","display_name":"proton spin structure","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spin-angular-momentum","display_name":"spin angular momentum","score":0.5139999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.9772999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52703039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5101837","display_name":"Chiral symmetry breaking","level":3,"score":0.6417999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109214941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18334","display_name":"Particle physics","level":1,"score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117137515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238170","display_name":"Quantum chromodynamics","level":2,"score":0.5512999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155675718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161254","display_name":"Angular momentum","level":2,"score":0.5414000153541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204795200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903282","display_name":"Symmetry breaking","level":2,"score":0.503600001335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163845019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5101826","display_name":"Chiral anomaly","level":3,"score":0.445499986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3079626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234881","display_name":"Quantum electrodynamics","level":1,"score":0.4287000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99077945","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3984130","display_name":"Chiral perturbation theory","level":3,"score":0.4163999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150454350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190143","display_name":"Angular momentum operator","level":5,"score":0.4124000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20782240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3272968","display_name":"Angular momentum coupling","level":4,"score":0.4097999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778564446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2305173","display_name":"Chiral symmetry","level":3,"score":0.40119999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125881977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736716","display_name":"Spontaneous symmetry breaking","level":3,"score":0.38749998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45193367","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141095","display_name":"Total angular momentum quantum number","level":3,"score":0.382099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16090227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376309","display_name":"QCD vacuum","level":4,"score":0.37790000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7602139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6718","display_name":"Quark","level":2,"score":0.34689998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204610980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100079","display_name":"Orbital motion","level":3,"score":0.32019999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176616139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1890674","display_name":"Quark model","level":4,"score":0.31029999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207206121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6778","display_name":"Top quark","level":3,"score":0.30660000443458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779886137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21030012","display_name":"Symmetry (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.28519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189901312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1916324","display_name":"Azimuthal quantum number","level":5,"score":0.2831000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58721731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1105337","display_name":"Explicit symmetry breaking","level":4,"score":0.2590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20621625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6961432","display_name":"Nambu\u2013Jona-Lasinio model","level":4,"score":0.2538999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173014286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q606195","display_name":"Orbital angular momentum of light","level":4,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140980","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140980","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0370269326008300/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173952182","display_name":"Physics Letters B","issn_l":"0370-2693","issn":["0370-2693","1873-2445"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physics Letters B","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2605.23125","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.23125","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2605.23125","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05643259v1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05643259v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2026","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05767307v1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05767307","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Physics Letters B, 2026, 882, pp.140980. ⟨10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140980⟩","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b63a2e7f6fff4a74816f6703bc735223","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b63a2e7f6fff4a74816f6703bc735223","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Physics Letters B, Vol 882, Iss , Pp 140980- (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.23125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.23125","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.23125","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140980","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140980","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140980","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0370269326008300/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173952182","display_name":"Physics Letters B","issn_l":"0370-2693","issn":["0370-2693","1873-2445"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physics Letters B","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1728142190","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"-AC05-06OR23177","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1848180026","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE\u2013AC05\u201306OR23177","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337512","funder_display_name":"Nuclear Physics"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2263355576","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC05\u201306OR23177","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2399599801","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-SC0023646","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337512","funder_display_name":"Nuclear Physics"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3513891217","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"141295X","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323942","funder_display_name":"Campus France"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5027663112","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-SC0023646","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6427981414","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AC05-06OR23177","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","funder_display_name":"Office of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6564173845","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"06OR23177","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337512","funder_display_name":"Nuclear Physics"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6674091005","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE\u2013AC05\u201306OR23177","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","funder_display_name":"Office of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8354049295","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"77302-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321370","funder_display_name":"Inha University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000372024","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Research Grant 2026, No. 77302-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321370","funder_display_name":"Inha University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000373719","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"contract DE-SC0023646","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337512","funder_display_name":"Nuclear Physics"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000379264","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"contract DE-AC05-06OR23177","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337512","funder_display_name":"Nuclear Physics"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000385821","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No. 141295X","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321874","funder_display_name":"Minist\u00e8re de l'Europe et des Affaires \u00c9trang\u00e8res"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321370","display_name":"Inha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01easw929"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321874","display_name":"Minist\u00e8re de l'Europe et des Affaires \u00c9trang\u00e8res","ror":"https://ror.org/00dfd1509"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323942","display_name":"Campus France","ror":"https://ror.org/04wtce741"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328854","display_name":"Minist\u00e8re de l\u2019Europe et des Affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","display_name":"Office of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00mmn6b08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337512","display_name":"Nuclear Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/02atag894"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214012188.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7214012188.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967138017","https://openalex.org/W1974372475","https://openalex.org/W1975608915","https://openalex.org/W1992401483","https://openalex.org/W1993214537","https://openalex.org/W2001966693","https://openalex.org/W2009886092","https://openalex.org/W2014632813","https://openalex.org/W2018199788","https://openalex.org/W2023594420","https://openalex.org/W2030082271","https://openalex.org/W2037788066","https://openalex.org/W2056015301","https://openalex.org/W2060497877","https://openalex.org/W2062176380","https://openalex.org/W2067662450","https://openalex.org/W2082513953","https://openalex.org/W2090503557","https://openalex.org/W2135756763","https://openalex.org/W2156383999","https://openalex.org/W2525146771","https://openalex.org/W2611665141","https://openalex.org/W2740651803","https://openalex.org/W2787231872","https://openalex.org/W2898006698","https://openalex.org/W2944019631","https://openalex.org/W3011108972","https://openalex.org/W3011110500","https://openalex.org/W3212374412","https://openalex.org/W4389431422","https://openalex.org/W4402678106","https://openalex.org/W4409505420"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7162328416","https://openalex.org/W7204566397","https://openalex.org/W3203819977","https://openalex.org/W1684716347","https://openalex.org/W7096135064","https://openalex.org/W4205185545","https://openalex.org/W3099616995","https://openalex.org/W7096488111","https://openalex.org/W1964717190","https://openalex.org/W2996083688"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,30],"flavor-nonsinglet":[1],"(":[2],"u":[3,50,84,93,98,103],"\u2212":[4,51,85,94,99,104],"d":[5,52,86,95,100,105],")":[6],"quark":[7],"angular":[8],"momentum":[9],"(AM)":[10],"in":[11,65,68,107],"the":[12,18,55,58,61,66,69,78,89],"proton":[13,67],"is":[14],"computed":[15],"based":[16],"on":[17],"effective":[19,37],"spin-flavor":[20,38],"dynamics":[21],"emerging":[22],"from":[23,54],"chiral":[24,42,62],"symmetry":[25],"breaking":[26],"by":[27],"QCD":[28,31,111],"instantons.":[29],"AM":[32,48,82,91],"operators":[33,39],"are":[34],"converted":[35],"to":[36],"expressing":[40],"instanton-induced":[41],"interactions.":[43],"A":[44],"large":[45,79],"negative":[46],"orbital":[47],"L":[49,97],"arises":[53],"interactions":[56],"of":[57,77],"quarks":[59],"with":[60,109],"mean":[63],"field":[64],"large-":[70],"N":[71],"c":[72],"limit.":[73],"It":[74],"cancels":[75],"part":[76],"positive":[80],"spin":[81],"S":[83,102],"and":[87],"reduces":[88],"total":[90],"J":[92],"=":[96],"+":[101],",":[106],"agreement":[108],"lattice":[110],"calculations.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-09-23T00:00:00"}