{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213996972","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22900050","title":"Zero-Knowledge Proofs for Immutable Deepfake Auditing in Digital Judiciary Systems: Hardware-Rooted Sensor Provenance, Verifiable Image Signal Pipelines, and Consortium Blockchain Evidence Custody","display_name":"Zero-Knowledge Proofs for Immutable Deepfake Auditing in Digital Judiciary Systems: Hardware-Rooted Sensor Provenance, Verifiable Image Signal Pipelines, and Consortium Blockchain Evidence Custody","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213996972","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22900050"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22900050","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22900050","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22900050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22900050","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152330739","display_name":"Kartik Kothalkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7378-5000","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7378-5000"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kothalkar, Kartik","raw_affiliation_strings":["ndependent Applied Cryptography & Verifiable Computing Researcher, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7378-5000","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ndependent Applied Cryptography & Verifiable Computing Researcher, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5152330739"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.2491209,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.39890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.39890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.18250000476837158,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.1598999947309494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deepfake-detection","display_name":"deepfake detection","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero-knowledge-proofs","display_name":"zero-knowledge proofs","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zk-snarks","display_name":"zk-SNARKs","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physically-unclonable-functions","display_name":"physical unclonable functions","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consortium-blockchain","display_name":"consortium blockchain","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-evidence-admissibility","display_name":"digital evidence admissibility","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-forensics","display_name":"digital forensics","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/byzantine-fault-tolerance","display_name":"Byzantine fault tolerance","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arm-trustzone","display_name":"ARM TrustZone","score":0.45100000500679016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6784999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85847156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59015987","display_name":"Verifiable secret sharing","level":3,"score":0.6633999943733215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4546000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4544999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108710211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11538","display_name":"Mathematical proof","level":2,"score":0.453900009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.39739999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.373199999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110251889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1569697","display_name":"Model checking","level":2,"score":0.36640000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3637000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3325999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3224000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3165999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40305131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2616305","display_name":"Obfuscation","level":2,"score":0.2978000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779019669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25203946","display_name":"Asynchrony (computer programming)","level":3,"score":0.2766999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.2766000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.27390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33884865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1254335","display_name":"Cryptographic protocol","level":3,"score":0.26499998569488525}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22900050","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22900050","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22900050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22900051","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22900051","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22900051","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22900050","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22900050","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22900050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6207000017166138,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7163381745","https://openalex.org/W7130614388","https://openalex.org/W7160056495","https://openalex.org/W4409796786","https://openalex.org/W7160540429","https://openalex.org/W4284976142","https://openalex.org/W4415630158","https://openalex.org/W7204465915","https://openalex.org/W7162756189","https://openalex.org/W7216272071"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"exponential":[1],"advancement":[2],"of":[3,43,78,101,165,258,288,305,335],"generative":[4],"artificial":[5],"intelligence\u2014specifically":[6],"diffusion":[7],"transformers,":[8],"neural":[9],"radiance":[10],"fields":[11],"(NeRFs),":[12],"and":[13,29,34,66,104,123,154,168,192,230,296,311],"autoregressive":[14],"multimodal":[15],"synthesis\u2014has":[16],"precipitated":[17],"an":[18,133,216,283,331],"existential":[19],"epistemological":[20],"crisis":[21],"across":[22],"the":[23,41,75,79,200,220,255],"global":[24,267],"judiciary.":[25],"In":[26],"modern":[27],"criminal":[28],"civil":[30],"jurisprudence,":[31],"photographic,":[32],"video,":[33],"acoustic":[35],"evidence":[36,90,140],"has":[37,73],"historically":[38],"functioned":[39],"as":[40,91,215],"bedrock":[42],"factual":[44],"adjudication.":[45],"However,":[46],"contemporary":[47],"deepfake":[48,108],"generation":[49,303],"architectures":[50],"now":[51],"fabricate":[52],"photorealistic":[53],"video":[54,121],"footage":[55],"that":[56,226],"evades":[57],"conventional":[58],"digital":[59,336],"forensic":[60],"heuristics":[61],"(photo-response":[62],"non-uniformity,":[63],"chromatic":[64],"aberration,":[65],"spectral":[67],"facial":[68],"blood-flow":[69],"photoplethysmography).":[70],"This":[71,129],"vulnerability":[72,124],"catalyzed":[74],"systemic":[76],"emergence":[77],"\"Liar's":[80],"Dividend,\"":[81],"wherein":[82],"culpable":[83],"litigants":[84],"plausibly":[85],"dismiss":[86],"authentic,":[87],"unmanipulated":[88],"surveillance":[89],"synthetic":[92,95],"fabrications,":[93],"introducing":[94],"reasonable":[96],"doubt":[97],"under":[98,119,315],"Federal":[99],"Rules":[100],"Evidence":[102,144,273],"901":[103],"902.":[105],"Reactive":[106],"AI-based":[107],"classifiers":[109],"remain":[110],"inherently":[111],"flawed":[112],"due":[113],"to":[114,125,237,321],"high":[115],"false-positive":[116],"rates":[117],"(14.2%\u201326.8%":[118],"realistic":[120],"compression)":[122],"adversarial":[126],"gradient":[127],"attacks.":[128],"research":[130],"monograph":[131],"presents":[132],"end-to-end":[134],"cryptographic":[135],"architecture":[136],"for":[137,308],"deterministic,":[138],"hardware-rooted":[139],"verification:":[141],"Verifiable":[142,209,348],"Digital":[143],"Architecture":[145],"(VDEA).":[146],"VDEA":[147],"unifies":[148],"on-sensor":[149],"physical":[150],"unclonable":[151],"functions":[152],"(PUFs)":[153],"hardware":[155,201,300],"trusted":[156],"execution":[157],"environments":[158],"(TEEs)":[159],"with":[160,240],"zero-knowledge":[161],"succinct":[162],"non-interactive":[163],"arguments":[164],"knowledge":[166],"(zk-SNARKs)":[167],"a":[169,181,204],"permissioned":[170],"judicial":[171],"consortium":[172],"blockchain:":[173],"\u2022":[174],"1.":[175],"Hardware-Rooted":[176],"Provenance:":[177],"When":[178],"photons":[179],"strike":[180],"CMOS":[182],"image":[183],"sensor":[184,188],"(CIS),":[185],"raw":[186],"Bayer":[187],"data,":[189],"lens":[190],"telemetry,":[191],"GNSS":[193],"spacetime":[194],"coordinates":[195],"are":[196],"cryptographically":[197],"bound":[198],"at":[199],"layer":[202],"via":[203],"256-bit":[205],"PUF-derived":[206],"key.\u2022":[207],"2.":[208],"Image":[210],"Signal":[211],"Processing":[212],"(vISP):":[213],"Arithmetized":[214],"algebraic":[217],"circuit":[218],"over":[219],"BN254":[221],"elliptic":[222],"curve,":[223],"mathematically":[224,265],"proving":[225],"demosaicing,":[227],"white":[228],"balancing,":[229],"DCT-based":[231],"compression":[232],"were":[233],"executed":[234,292],"strictly":[235],"according":[236],"deterministic":[238],"algorithms":[239],"zero":[241],"pixel-level":[242],"insertion":[243],"or":[244,261],"semantic":[245],"alteration.\u2022":[246],"3.":[247],"Zero-Knowledge":[248],"Selective":[249],"Redaction:":[250],"A":[251,275],"specialized":[252],"protocol":[253],"enabling":[254],"privacy-preserving":[256],"masking":[257],"juvenile":[259],"victims":[260],"sensitive":[262],"bystanders":[263],"while":[264,329],"certifying":[266],"frame":[268],"authenticity.\u2022":[269],"4.":[270],"Consortium":[271],"Blockchain":[272],"Custody:":[274],"high-throughput,":[276],"Byzantine":[277],"Fault":[278],"Tolerant":[279],"distributed":[280],"ledger":[281],"maintaining":[282],"immutable,":[284],"tamper-evident":[285],"audit":[286],"trail":[287],"evidentiary":[289,327],"custody.":[290],"Micro-benchmarks":[291],"on":[293],"ARM":[294],"TrustZone":[295],"RISC-V":[297],"Keystone":[298],"embedded":[299],"establish":[301],"proof":[302],"times":[304],"1.42":[306],"seconds":[307],"1080p":[309],"keyframes":[310],"courtroom":[312],"verification":[313,319],"latencies":[314],"4.2":[316],"milliseconds,":[317],"reducing":[318],"costs":[320],"less":[322],"than":[323],"USD":[324],"0.002":[325],"per":[326],"submission":[328],"establishing":[330],"unassailable":[332],"mathematical":[333],"standard":[334],"legal":[337],"truth.":[338],"Author:":[339],"Kartik":[340],"Kothalkar":[341],"(\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915":[342],"\u0915\u094b\u0925\u0932\u0915\u0930)Affiliation:":[343],"Independent":[344],"Applied":[345],"Cryptography":[346],"&":[347],"Computing":[349],"Researcher,":[350],"Maharashtra,":[351],"IndiaEmail:":[352],"kartikkothalkar1@gmail.com":[353]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-07T09:51:55.459714","created_date":"2026-09-23T00:00:00"}
