{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213973993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-026-02235-1","title":"Secondary-sphere hydrogen bonding promotes catalytic nitrate reduction at iron","display_name":"Secondary-sphere hydrogen bonding promotes catalytic nitrate reduction at iron","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213973993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-026-02235-1","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773238","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13719511"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41557-026-02235-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-026-02235-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-026-02235-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41557-026-02235-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202193212","display_name":"Nature Chemistry","issn_l":"1755-4330","issn":["1755-4330","1755-4349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41557-026-02235-1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033949478","display_name":"Writhabrata Sarkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3738-9892","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3738-9892"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Writhabrata Sarkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3738-9892","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069133549","display_name":"Andrew R. LaDuca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3514-8846","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3514-8846"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew R. LaDuca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152504256","display_name":"Riley Kazukiewicz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Riley W. Kazukiewicz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009251963","display_name":"Nathaniel K. Szymczak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1296-1445","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1296-1445"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nathaniel K. Szymczak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. nszym@umich.edu"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1296-1445","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. nszym@umich.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009251963"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":{"value":12690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":12690},"apc_paid":{"value":12690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":12690},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56705452,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"11","first_page":"1946","last_page":"1956"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10092","display_name":"Organometallic Complex Synthesis and Catalysis","score":0.22419999539852142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10092","display_name":"Organometallic Complex Synthesis and Catalysis","score":0.22419999539852142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12112","display_name":"Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction","score":0.16910000145435333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1503","display_name":"Catalysis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11747","display_name":"Metal-Catalyzed Oxygenation Mechanisms","score":0.12600000202655792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1604","display_name":"Inorganic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrate-reduction","display_name":"nitrate reduction","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iron-complexes","display_name":"iron complexes","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioinspired-catalysts","display_name":"bioinspired catalysts","score":0.628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/charge-redistribution","display_name":"charge redistribution","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimeric-intermediate","display_name":"dimeric intermediate","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitric-oxide-production","display_name":"nitric oxide production","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ammonia-synthesis","display_name":"ammonia synthesis","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/groundwater-remediation","display_name":"groundwater remediation","score":0.8159999847412109}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.9656999707221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.588100016117096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112887158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169324","display_name":"Hydrogen bond","level":3,"score":0.4634999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4609000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179104552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11165","display_name":"Inorganic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.44589999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776384668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182168","display_name":"Nitrate","level":2,"score":0.4350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512968161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556","display_name":"Hydrogen","level":2,"score":0.32260000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75473681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188651","display_name":"Photochemistry","level":1,"score":0.2962000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55904794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82682","display_name":"Redox","level":2,"score":0.2741999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C533411734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171877","display_name":"Hydrogen peroxide","level":2,"score":0.2556000053882599}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41557-026-02235-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-026-02235-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-026-02235-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41557-026-02235-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202193212","display_name":"Nature Chemistry","issn_l":"1755-4330","issn":["1755-4330","1755-4349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13719511","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13719511/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13719511/pdf/41557_2026_Article_2235.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nat Chem","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42773238","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42773238","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature chemistry","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41557-026-02235-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-026-02235-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-026-02235-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41557-026-02235-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202193212","display_name":"Nature Chemistry","issn_l":"1755-4330","issn":["1755-4330","1755-4349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.7778000235557556,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1930378340","display_name":"The Role of Secondary Interactions Relevant to Biological Reductions of Small Molecules","funder_award_id":"R35GM136360","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6130859606","display_name":"Graduate Research Fellowship Program (GRFP)","funder_award_id":"2241144","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000367531","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DGE-2241144","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337393","funder_display_name":"Division of Chemistry"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04q48ey07"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337393","display_name":"Division of Chemistry","ror":"https://ror.org/01ar8dr59"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213973993.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213973993.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":108,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1198400294","https://openalex.org/W1965428863","https://openalex.org/W1984452533","https://openalex.org/W1985835523","https://openalex.org/W1988091937","https://openalex.org/W1998335265","https://openalex.org/W2002578376","https://openalex.org/W2007901577","https://openalex.org/W2012055027","https://openalex.org/W2029667189","https://openalex.org/W2032719166","https://openalex.org/W2035279261","https://openalex.org/W2038374997","https://openalex.org/W2042944554","https://openalex.org/W2044185986","https://openalex.org/W2057431797","https://openalex.org/W2057960152","https://openalex.org/W2063796154","https://openalex.org/W2064969434","https://openalex.org/W2067718414","https://openalex.org/W2071766178","https://openalex.org/W2071828678","https://openalex.org/W2072523354","https://openalex.org/W2073357726","https://openalex.org/W2075824609","https://openalex.org/W2079935930","https://openalex.org/W2086910210","https://openalex.org/W2092157292","https://openalex.org/W2096747776","https://openalex.org/W2098504279","https://openalex.org/W2099888035","https://openalex.org/W2101958915","https://openalex.org/W2104919283","https://openalex.org/W2132525235","https://openalex.org/W2142189153","https://openalex.org/W2145408306","https://openalex.org/W2148172920","https://openalex.org/W2319624260","https://openalex.org/W2330603823","https://openalex.org/W2331358663","https://openalex.org/W2396640821","https://openalex.org/W2461268849","https://openalex.org/W2519658889","https://openalex.org/W2553361708","https://openalex.org/W2591145738","https://openalex.org/W2759537149","https://openalex.org/W2767071721","https://openalex.org/W2788676263","https://openalex.org/W2792601795","https://openalex.org/W2897780512","https://openalex.org/W2916161548","https://openalex.org/W2935570306","https://openalex.org/W2938162198","https://openalex.org/W2940379561","https://openalex.org/W2944783027","https://openalex.org/W2953062682","https://openalex.org/W2953901276","https://openalex.org/W2970699026","https://openalex.org/W2993663898","https://openalex.org/W3026141404","https://openalex.org/W3029778732","https://openalex.org/W3034310241","https://openalex.org/W3035089500","https://openalex.org/W3053038454","https://openalex.org/W3080265735","https://openalex.org/W3083241094","https://openalex.org/W3087548588","https://openalex.org/W3125990044","https://openalex.org/W3145334583","https://openalex.org/W3147497441","https://openalex.org/W3164283637","https://openalex.org/W3182176133","https://openalex.org/W3195588649","https://openalex.org/W3206048440","https://openalex.org/W3212301748","https://openalex.org/W4200623428","https://openalex.org/W4226385309","https://openalex.org/W4280557186","https://openalex.org/W4297239561","https://openalex.org/W4307309219","https://openalex.org/W4313558158","https://openalex.org/W4377967312","https://openalex.org/W4385220775","https://openalex.org/W4392654025","https://openalex.org/W4393408783","https://openalex.org/W4395447635","https://openalex.org/W4399475742","https://openalex.org/W4400324652","https://openalex.org/W4401916766","https://openalex.org/W4404944465","https://openalex.org/W4405559003","https://openalex.org/W4407081912","https://openalex.org/W4407090745","https://openalex.org/W4407280150","https://openalex.org/W4408065458","https://openalex.org/W4408168561","https://openalex.org/W4408434445","https://openalex.org/W4409571289","https://openalex.org/W4410243603","https://openalex.org/W4410563166","https://openalex.org/W4411627666","https://openalex.org/W4412572677","https://openalex.org/W4413800518","https://openalex.org/W4413832450","https://openalex.org/W4414766764","https://openalex.org/W4417460568","https://openalex.org/W6893658340","https://openalex.org/W7154396472"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4410376774","https://openalex.org/W6901948173","https://openalex.org/W4413800518","https://openalex.org/W4280557186","https://openalex.org/W4415023596","https://openalex.org/W7118504256","https://openalex.org/W4310601940","https://openalex.org/W2565466869","https://openalex.org/W4385248570","https://openalex.org/W2553361708"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nitrate":[0,148],"(":[1],"$${{\\rm{NO}}}_{3}^{-}$$":[2,69,84],")":[3],"is":[4,9,149],"a":[5,16,26,33,37,94,150,168],"groundwater":[6],"pollutant":[7],"that":[8,50],"challenging":[10],"to":[11,19,60,71,182,192],"remediate.":[12],"Here":[13],"we":[14,48,128],"report":[15],"bioinspired":[17],"strategy":[18],"enhance":[20,183],"nitrate":[21,102,131,184],"binding":[22,66,185],"and":[23,115,136,141,163,186,195],"reduction":[24,132,191],"through":[25],"network":[27,169],"of":[28,39,63,112,158,170],"secondary-sphere":[29,171],"hydrogen-bonding":[30,172],"interactions":[31,173],"within":[32,83,174],"ligand":[34,51],"scaffold.":[35],"Using":[36],"series":[38],"redox-inactive":[40],"Zn(II)":[41],"complexes":[42],"based":[43],"on":[44],"the":[45,110],"tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine":[46],"ligand,":[47],"demonstrate":[49],"variants":[52],"bearing":[53],"appended":[54],"aniline":[55],"hydrogen-bond":[56],"donors":[57],"exhibit":[58],"up":[59],"seven":[61],"orders":[62],"magnitude":[64],"higher":[65],"affinity":[67,162],"for":[68,89,154],"compared":[70],"analogues":[72],"lacking":[73],"such":[74,97],"interactions.":[75],"These":[76],"hydrogen":[77],"bonds":[78],"induce":[79],"substantial":[80],"charge":[81],"redistribution":[82],",":[85],"thereby":[86],"activating":[87],"it":[88],"reduction.":[90],"Replacing":[91],"Zn":[92],"with":[93,144],"redox-active":[95],"metal":[96],"as":[98],"Fe":[99],"results":[100],"in":[101],"deoxygenation.":[103],"Stoichiometric":[104],"experiments":[105],"provide":[106],"mechanistic":[107,126],"insights":[108],"into":[109,118],"role":[111],"dimeric":[113],"intermediates":[114],"their":[116],"conversion":[117],"more":[119],"reactive":[120],"monomeric":[121],"species.":[122],"Guided":[123],"by":[124],"these":[125],"insights,":[127],"achieve":[129],"catalytic":[130,190],"under":[133],"both":[134],"thermal":[135],"photochemical":[137],"conditions,":[138],"producing":[139],"NO":[140],"NH3,":[142],"respectively,":[143],"high":[145],"turnover":[146],"numbers.":[147],"notoriously":[151],"difficult":[152],"substrate":[153],"molecular":[155],"catalysts":[156],"because":[157],"its":[159,189],"weak":[160],"metal-binding":[161],"strong":[164],"N\u2013O":[165],"bonds.":[166],"Now,":[167],"an":[175],"iron":[176],"coordination":[177],"complex":[178],"has":[179],"been":[180],"shown":[181],"activation,":[187],"promoting":[188],"nitric":[193],"oxide":[194],"ammonia.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2026-09-22T00:00:00"}