{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213902220","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091549","title":"Intermediate Representations in Human\u2013AI Creative Collaboration: A Framework for Distributed Creative Cognition","display_name":"Intermediate Representations in Human\u2013AI Creative Collaboration: A Framework for Distributed Creative Cognition","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213902220","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091549"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/educsci16091549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091549","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091549","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738008561","display_name":"Education Sciences","issn_l":"2227-7102","issn":["2227-7102"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091549","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053313900","display_name":"Bruce Campbell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8744-1447","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8744-1447"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183146814","display_name":"Rhode Island School of Design","ror":"https://ror.org/04mxsc976","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183146814"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bruce Donald Campbell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Web Design, Rhode Island School of Design, 20 Washington Pl, Providence, RI 02903, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8744-1447","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Web Design, Rhode Island School of Design, 20 Washington Pl, Providence, RI 02903, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183146814"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053313900"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183146814"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2172},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2172},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5849765,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"9","first_page":"1549","last_page":"1549"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.6693999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.6693999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12179","display_name":"Art Education and Development","score":0.1062999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11079","display_name":"Creativity in Education and Neuroscience","score":0.06509999930858612,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intermediate-representation","display_name":"intermediate representation","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sketching","display_name":"sketching","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-cognition","display_name":"distributed cognition","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-intelligence","display_name":"distributed intelligence","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary-objects","display_name":"boundary objects","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embodied-cognition","display_name":"embodied cognition","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intention-formation","display_name":"intention formation","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflective-judgment","display_name":"reflective judgment","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-agency","display_name":"human agency","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-ai","display_name":"generative AI","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art-and-design-education","display_name":"art and design education","score":0.906000018119812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779010991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2720909","display_name":"Artifact (error)","level":2,"score":0.6837000250816345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100609095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335050","display_name":"Embodied cognition","level":2,"score":0.6772000193595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17037162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7551870","display_name":"Socially distributed cognition","level":3,"score":0.6693999767303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6171000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.6051999926567078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5875999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.5867000222206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.5401999950408936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20854674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4386060","display_name":"Cognitive architecture","level":3,"score":0.41119998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166052673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83021","display_name":"Empirical evidence","level":2,"score":0.3847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11012388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170658","display_name":"Creativity","level":2,"score":0.3763999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105409693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5937824","display_name":"Human intelligence","level":2,"score":0.37220001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.3571999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.35359999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.35359999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.32850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14224292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13600188","display_name":"Conceptual framework","level":2,"score":0.3222000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98184364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780131","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","level":2,"score":0.3192000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.30309998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.29510000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.29089999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.28859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.28610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48164120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4491893","display_name":"Concept learning","level":2,"score":0.2847999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.27160000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.267300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.25290000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66024118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122506","display_name":"Computational model","level":2,"score":0.2524999976158142}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/educsci16091549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091549","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091549","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738008561","display_name":"Education Sciences","issn_l":"2227-7102","issn":["2227-7102"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8e62c67eb0e94fbda928e93f8e822002","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8e62c67eb0e94fbda928e93f8e822002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Education Sciences, Vol 16, Iss 9, p 1549 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/educsci16091549","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091549","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091549","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738008561","display_name":"Education Sciences","issn_l":"2227-7102","issn":["2227-7102"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.6164000034332275}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W614562418","https://openalex.org/W1971670344","https://openalex.org/W2045732064","https://openalex.org/W2085529605","https://openalex.org/W2152364132","https://openalex.org/W4213435830","https://openalex.org/W4231563569","https://openalex.org/W4389210056","https://openalex.org/W4390060956","https://openalex.org/W4396956094","https://openalex.org/W4404826297","https://openalex.org/W4413156969","https://openalex.org/W4413737886","https://openalex.org/W7108203550","https://openalex.org/W7131312114"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7134231953","https://openalex.org/W7208719628","https://openalex.org/W7198573405","https://openalex.org/W7078411860","https://openalex.org/W7167742862","https://openalex.org/W7166737691","https://openalex.org/W4415090446","https://openalex.org/W7160034723","https://openalex.org/W7162687012","https://openalex.org/W7214921464"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Generative":[0],"artificial":[1],"intelligence":[2],"has":[3],"dramatically":[4],"reduced":[5],"the":[6,112,151,165],"effort":[7],"required":[8],"to":[9],"produce":[10],"visual":[11],"artifacts,":[12],"intensifying":[13],"questions":[14],"about":[15],"which":[16,133,157],"human":[17,184],"practices":[18],"remain":[19],"educationally":[20],"valuable":[21],"when":[22],"computational":[23],"systems":[24],"can":[25,136],"generate":[26],"images":[27],"almost":[28],"instantly.":[29],"Much":[30],"discussion":[31],"of":[32,78,98,168,209],"human\u2013AI":[33,210],"creative":[34,148],"collaboration":[35,45],"begins":[36,47],"with":[37,197],"text-based":[38],"prompting.":[39],"This":[40],"conceptual":[41],"paper":[42,113,195],"argues":[43],"that":[44,120,158,164],"often":[46],"earlier,":[48],"while":[49],"intentions":[50],"are":[51,89],"still":[52],"being":[53],"formed":[54,123],"through":[55],"observation,":[56],"sketching,":[57],"reflection,":[58],"and":[59,73,84,109,128,150,186,190,205],"other":[60,206],"intermediate":[61],"representations.":[62],"The":[63,161,194],"framework":[64,162],"developed":[65],"here":[66],"was":[67],"motivated":[68],"by":[69],"reflective":[70,182],"teaching":[71],"practice":[72],"observation":[74],"across":[75],"repeated":[76],"offerings":[77],"an":[79],"elective":[80],"course":[81],"in":[82,156,174,178],"art":[83],"design":[85],"education.":[86],"Classroom":[87],"experiences":[88],"used":[90],"as":[91,96,116],"illustrative":[92],"context":[93],"rather":[94],"than":[95],"evidence":[97],"causal":[99],"effects.":[100],"Drawing":[101],"on":[102,203],"embodied":[103],"cognition,":[104,106],"distributed":[105,107,153],"intelligence,":[108],"boundary-object":[110],"theory,":[111],"conceptualizes":[114],"sketches":[115],"evolving":[117],"cognitive":[118,154],"interfaces":[119],"externalize":[121],"partially":[122],"ideas,":[124],"preserve":[125],"productive":[126,187],"ambiguity,":[127],"provide":[129],"reference":[130],"points":[131],"against":[132],"AI":[134,192],"interpretations":[135],"be":[137],"accepted,":[138],"rejected,":[139],"or":[140],"revised.":[141],"Two":[142],"complementary":[143],"models":[144],"describe":[145],"a":[146],"sketch-mediated":[147],"cycle":[149,159],"broader":[152],"system":[155],"operates.":[160],"suggests":[163],"educational":[166],"value":[167],"sketching":[169],"may":[170],"increasingly":[171],"lie":[172],"not":[173],"artifact":[175],"production":[176],"but":[177],"supporting":[179],"intention":[180],"formation,":[181],"judgment,":[183],"agency,":[185],"friction":[188],"before":[189],"during":[191],"interaction.":[193],"concludes":[196],"propositions":[198],"for":[199],"future":[200],"empirical":[201],"research":[202],"sketch-first":[204],"representation-mediated":[207],"forms":[208],"collaboration.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2026-09-22T00:00:00"}
