{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213769930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22855036","title":"Typicality in referent choice: what the description leaves open","display_name":"Typicality in referent choice: what the description leaves open","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213769930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22855036"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22855036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22855036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22855036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22855036","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Li, Xiaochuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2711-0716","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2711-0716"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153582","display_name":"University of Technology Nuremberg","ror":"https://ror.org/02sv65x64","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153582"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Li, Xiaochuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Technology Nuremberg"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2711-0716","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Technology Nuremberg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387153582"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387153582"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74353088,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12694","display_name":"Categorization, perception, and language","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12694","display_name":"Categorization, perception, and language","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.010499999858438969,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10465","display_name":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/typicality","display_name":"typicality","score":0.8709999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777096784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3826351","display_name":"Referent","level":2,"score":0.8741999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78022038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7644082","display_name":"Superordinate goals","level":2,"score":0.6599000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.524399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4903999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.4512999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4196000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.38179999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3686999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.3287000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3131999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.30070000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.29760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.27559998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.2624000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59656382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191536","display_name":"Conjunction (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.25949999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.25850000977516174}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22855036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22855036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22855036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22855037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22855037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22855037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22855036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22855036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22855036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2942303709","https://openalex.org/W7014770171","https://openalex.org/W2401140495","https://openalex.org/W6887728611","https://openalex.org/W3104504427","https://openalex.org/W2049286049","https://openalex.org/W2081070624","https://openalex.org/W2395389100","https://openalex.org/W7096998115","https://openalex.org/W2624889692"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"description":[1,38,51],"built":[2],"on":[3,11],"a":[4,12,37,98,107,118,140],"superordinate":[5],"category":[6],"term":[7],"(an":[8],"animal":[9],"perched":[10],"branch)":[13],"does":[14],"not":[15],"pick":[16],"out":[17],"its":[18],"members":[19],"evenly:":[20],"some":[21],"come":[22],"to":[23,47],"mind":[24],"more":[25],"readily":[26],"than":[27],"others.":[28],"This":[29],"paper":[30],"separates":[31],"three":[32],"conditions":[33,68],"under":[34],"which":[35],"such":[36],"meets":[39],"two":[40],"candidate":[41,59,65,99],"referents":[42],"differing":[43],"in":[44],"typicality,":[45],"according":[46],"whether":[48],"the":[49,57,63,73,86,121],"full":[50],"is":[52,85,137],"satisfied":[53],"by":[54,56,62],"both,":[55],"atypical":[58],"only,":[60],"or":[61],"typical":[64],"only.":[66],"These":[67],"support":[69],"different":[70],"interpretations":[71],"of":[72],"same":[74],"choice":[75,94],"response":[76],"and":[77],"therefore":[78],"require":[79],"separate":[80,97],"analysis.":[81],"Forced-choice":[82],"referent":[83],"selection":[84],"appropriate":[87],"primary":[88],"instrument":[89],"for":[90],"comparing":[91],"them,":[92],"but":[93],"alone":[95],"cannot":[96],"rejected":[100,105],"as":[101,106,139],"false":[102],"from":[103],"one":[104],"worse":[108],"fit,":[109],"so":[110],"judgment":[111],"data":[112],"remain":[113],"necessary.":[114],"Picture-based":[115],"versions":[116],"add":[117],"further":[119],"confound:":[120],"restricting":[122],"detail":[123],"must":[124],"be":[125],"visually":[126],"recoverable":[127],"before":[128],"it":[129],"can":[130],"override":[131],"anything.":[132],"An":[133],"existing":[134],"image-based":[135],"study":[136],"described":[138],"worked":[141],"instance.":[142],"No":[143],"new":[144],"results":[145],"are":[146],"reported.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2026-09-21T00:00:00"}