{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213619376","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25158414261491563","title":"Dry eye disease in thyroid eye disease: A narrative review of pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic implications","display_name":"Dry eye disease in thyroid eye disease: A narrative review of pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic implications","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213619376","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25158414261491563","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42973730","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13724963"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/25158414261491563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25158414261491563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25158414261491563","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210204001","display_name":"Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology","issn_l":"2515-8414","issn":["2515-8414"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25158414261491563","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090493145","display_name":"Seyed Mohsen Rafizadeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5480-590X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5480-590X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114319","display_name":"Farabi Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02fvps960","country_code":"IR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114319","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70640408","display_name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyed Mohsen Rafizadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Farabi Eye Hospital","Tehran University of Medical Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Farabi Eye Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114319"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139924271","display_name":"Enes Eroglu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0053-6416","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0053-6416"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enes Eroglu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0053-6416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007188804","display_name":"Ali A. Haydar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3884-0553","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3884-0553"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114319","display_name":"Farabi Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02fvps960","country_code":"IR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114319","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70640408","display_name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali A. Haydar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Farabi Eye Hospital","Tehran University of Medical Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Farabi Eye Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114319"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057923342","display_name":"Haniyeh Zeidabadinejad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7571-5041","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7571-5041"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114319","display_name":"Farabi Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02fvps960","country_code":"IR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114319","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70640408","display_name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haniyeh Zeidabadinejad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Farabi Eye Hospital","Tehran University of Medical Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Farabi Eye Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114319"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065356965","display_name":"Mostafa Heidari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1391-2685","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1391-2685"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114319","display_name":"Farabi Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02fvps960","country_code":"IR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114319","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70640408","display_name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mostafa Heidari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Farabi Eye Hospital","Tehran University of Medical Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Farabi Eye Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114319"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102813095","display_name":"Mohammad Taher Rajabi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7379-6861","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7379-6861"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114319","display_name":"Farabi Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02fvps960","country_code":"IR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114319","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70640408","display_name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Taher Rajabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Farabi Eye Hospital","Tehran University of Medical Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Farabi Eye Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114319"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061370323","display_name":"Amirhossein Aghajani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1539-4340","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1539-4340"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114319","display_name":"Farabi Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02fvps960","country_code":"IR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114319","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70640408","display_name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amirhossein Aghajani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Farabi Eye Hospital","Tehran University of Medical Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Farabi Eye Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114319"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ali Davarpanah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114319","display_name":"Farabi Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02fvps960","country_code":"IR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114319","https://openalex.org/I70640408"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70640408","display_name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Davarpanah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Farabi Eye Hospital","Tehran University of Medical Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Farabi Eye Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114319"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70640408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012158329","display_name":"Kamran Rezaei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0451-3175","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0451-3175"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58048189","display_name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034m2b326","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamran Rezaei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58048189"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036021282","display_name":"Mohammad Soleimani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6546-3546","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6546-3546"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Soleimani","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6546-3546","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036021282"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"],"apc_list":{"value":2650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2650},"apc_paid":{"value":2650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2650},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51216773,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"25158414261491563","last_page":"25158414261491563"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10997","display_name":"Ocular Surface and Contact Lens","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10997","display_name":"Ocular Surface and Contact Lens","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11538","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Eye Disorders","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11521","display_name":"Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dry-eye-disease","display_name":"dry eye","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graves-ophthalmopathy","display_name":"Graves' ophthalmopathy","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tear-film-homeostasis","display_name":"tear film homeostasis","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ocular-surface-disease","display_name":"ocular surface disease","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ocular-surface-inflammation","display_name":"ocular surface inflammation","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regenerative-therapy","display_name":"regenerative therapy","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathophysiological-mechanisms","display_name":"pathophysiological mechanisms","score":0.6000000238418579}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7939000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.7153000235557556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020000205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2412849","display_name":"Narrative review","level":2,"score":0.6998999714851379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526584372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16399","display_name":"Thyroid","level":2,"score":0.5422000288963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776148792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3041498","display_name":"Eye disease","level":2,"score":0.48030000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140608501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7318358","display_name":"Review article","level":2,"score":0.44530001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.41589999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.3846000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.37549999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.35899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780176905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6673122","display_name":"Thyroid disease","level":3,"score":0.34709998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776652619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16483","display_name":"Graves' disease","level":3,"score":0.34360000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189708586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504425","display_name":"Systematic review","level":3,"score":0.329800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778674544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414805","display_name":"Systemic disease","level":3,"score":0.3125999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776685619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1340722","display_name":"Graves' ophthalmopathy","level":4,"score":0.31209999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778527774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159701","display_name":"Glaucoma","level":2,"score":0.29739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.29409998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83867959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371467","display_name":"Scopus","level":3,"score":0.2856999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778837293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3320636","display_name":"Artificial tears","level":2,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992234860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Eye care","level":2,"score":0.2775000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781092963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650050","display_name":"Intraocular pressure","level":2,"score":0.27129998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018605307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200779","display_name":"Complex disease","level":3,"score":0.2694000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16005928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171171","display_name":"Dermatology","level":1,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.2619999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779075594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8084905","display_name":"Autoimmune disease","level":3,"score":0.2606000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775984611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273554","display_name":"Conjunctiva","level":2,"score":0.25920000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776882836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168291","display_name":"Cornea","level":2,"score":0.25369998812675476}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/25158414261491563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25158414261491563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25158414261491563","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210204001","display_name":"Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology","issn_l":"2515-8414","issn":["2515-8414"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13724963","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13724963/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13724963/pdf/10.1177_25158414261491563.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ther Adv Ophthalmol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42973730","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42973730","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Therapeutic advances in ophthalmology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:921cef6bfe4f48969fd4d6ee3b435499","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/921cef6bfe4f48969fd4d6ee3b435499","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology, Vol 18 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/25158414261491563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25158414261491563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25158414261491563","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210204001","display_name":"Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology","issn_l":"2515-8414","issn":["2515-8414"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213619376.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213619376.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":119,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W23126284","https://openalex.org/W188362558","https://openalex.org/W1562691374","https://openalex.org/W1567162187","https://openalex.org/W1964345362","https://openalex.org/W1968210180","https://openalex.org/W1971031107","https://openalex.org/W1978662104","https://openalex.org/W1982359666","https://openalex.org/W1988357261","https://openalex.org/W1989606861","https://openalex.org/W1990818285","https://openalex.org/W1993174539","https://openalex.org/W2002180108","https://openalex.org/W2021028590","https://openalex.org/W2024010187","https://openalex.org/W2027739083","https://openalex.org/W2027975733","https://openalex.org/W2031625808","https://openalex.org/W2033249503","https://openalex.org/W2046450773","https://openalex.org/W2055102759","https://openalex.org/W2056565496","https://openalex.org/W2068932152","https://openalex.org/W2092262801","https://openalex.org/W2096516892","https://openalex.org/W2111585147","https://openalex.org/W2111680062","https://openalex.org/W2114493194","https://openalex.org/W2116766058","https://openalex.org/W2117934735","https://openalex.org/W2119532227","https://openalex.org/W2139069964","https://openalex.org/W2139751183","https://openalex.org/W2140696531","https://openalex.org/W2143619267","https://openalex.org/W2153628105","https://openalex.org/W2171430554","https://openalex.org/W2223338173","https://openalex.org/W2231532529","https://openalex.org/W2322781328","https://openalex.org/W2329255627","https://openalex.org/W2516248505","https://openalex.org/W2530255275","https://openalex.org/W2737725878","https://openalex.org/W2737787547","https://openalex.org/W2753073760","https://openalex.org/W2768880677","https://openalex.org/W2807127520","https://openalex.org/W2807596607","https://openalex.org/W2855676216","https://openalex.org/W2867575370","https://openalex.org/W2891904467","https://openalex.org/W2906925165","https://openalex.org/W2907437351","https://openalex.org/W2909575788","https://openalex.org/W2914015847","https://openalex.org/W2936068209","https://openalex.org/W2957883694","https://openalex.org/W2972904630","https://openalex.org/W2998265514","https://openalex.org/W2999015750","https://openalex.org/W3001519864","https://openalex.org/W3023680900","https://openalex.org/W3027488608","https://openalex.org/W3032521048","https://openalex.org/W3040244923","https://openalex.org/W3080643589","https://openalex.org/W3081765077","https://openalex.org/W3088845314","https://openalex.org/W3097588330","https://openalex.org/W3140242758","https://openalex.org/W3153278749","https://openalex.org/W3156702781","https://openalex.org/W3159216238","https://openalex.org/W3167318864","https://openalex.org/W3194040852","https://openalex.org/W3206719640","https://openalex.org/W3216758161","https://openalex.org/W4213351677","https://openalex.org/W4240137178","https://openalex.org/W4246035014","https://openalex.org/W4282843198","https://openalex.org/W4283320651","https://openalex.org/W4285091284","https://openalex.org/W4285606169","https://openalex.org/W4290673824","https://openalex.org/W4293692903","https://openalex.org/W4296692881","https://openalex.org/W4297965258","https://openalex.org/W4307996682","https://openalex.org/W4310875651","https://openalex.org/W4318754010","https://openalex.org/W4322502208","https://openalex.org/W4362456044","https://openalex.org/W4366828696","https://openalex.org/W4385621594","https://openalex.org/W4385800244","https://openalex.org/W4387141611","https://openalex.org/W4387965584","https://openalex.org/W4388636802","https://openalex.org/W4388705929","https://openalex.org/W4401304036","https://openalex.org/W4405088723","https://openalex.org/W4405456370","https://openalex.org/W4406200628","https://openalex.org/W4409557268","https://openalex.org/W4409901692","https://openalex.org/W4410023254","https://openalex.org/W4410278230","https://openalex.org/W4410490003","https://openalex.org/W4411930311","https://openalex.org/W4412085262","https://openalex.org/W4412490483","https://openalex.org/W4412786014","https://openalex.org/W4413104620","https://openalex.org/W4415963392","https://openalex.org/W4417125626","https://openalex.org/W7138843512"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4399593788","https://openalex.org/W1993174539","https://openalex.org/W4213351677","https://openalex.org/W7117326165","https://openalex.org/W7143949844","https://openalex.org/W4416135950","https://openalex.org/W7135040970","https://openalex.org/W4366828696","https://openalex.org/W2071219392","https://openalex.org/W7165036605"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dry":[0],"eye":[1,12],"disease":[2,13,47,134],"(DED)":[3],"is":[4,172],"a":[5,114,151],"common":[6],"and":[7,51,64,72,82,109,136,164],"persistent":[8],"manifestation":[9],"of":[10,21,87,100,127,142],"thyroid":[11,26],"(TED),":[14],"often":[15],"remaining":[16],"symptomatic":[17],"despite":[18],"apparent":[19],"control":[20],"orbital":[22],"inflammation":[23],"or":[24,120],"systemic":[25],"dysfunction.":[27],"This":[28],"narrative":[29],"review":[30,59],"synthesizes":[31],"current":[32],"evidence":[33,91,171],"within":[34],"an":[35],"integrated":[36],"mechanistic":[37],"framework":[38],"relating":[39],"the":[40,143],"overlapping":[41],"contributors":[42,145],"to":[43,46,76,133],"TED-associated":[44],"DED":[45,94],"phenotype,":[48],"therapeutic":[49],"limitations,":[50],"opportunities":[52],"for":[53],"more":[54],"targeted":[55],"management.":[56,161],"A":[57],"literature":[58],"was":[60],"conducted":[61],"using":[62,69],"PubMed":[63],"Scopus":[65],"through":[66],"March":[67],"2026,":[68],"broad":[70],"MeSH":[71],"free-text":[73],"terms":[74],"related":[75],"TED,":[77],"DED,":[78],"ocular":[79,138,159],"surface":[80,139,160],"disease,":[81],"treatment,":[83],"with":[84],"manual":[85],"screening":[86],"relevant":[88],"references.":[89],"Current":[90],"suggests":[92],"that":[93],"in":[95,146],"TED":[96],"reflects":[97],"coordinated":[98],"disruption":[99],"tear":[101,122],"film":[102],"homeostasis":[103],"involving":[104],"glandular,":[105],"evaporative,":[106],"inflammatory,":[107],"epithelial/mucin,":[108],"neuro-sensory":[110],"pathways":[111,129],"rather":[112],"than":[113],"single":[115],"mechanism":[116],"such":[117],"as":[118],"exposure":[119],"reduced":[121],"production.":[123],"The":[124],"relative":[125],"contribution":[126],"these":[128],"may":[130,149],"vary":[131],"according":[132],"activity":[135],"individual":[137,147],"phenotype.":[140],"Recognition":[141],"dominant":[144],"patients":[148],"support":[150],"shift":[152],"from":[153],"uniform":[154],"symptom-directed":[155],"lubrication":[156],"toward":[157],"phenotype-directed":[158],"Emerging":[162],"neuro-regenerative":[163],"regenerative":[165],"therapies":[166],"remain":[167],"investigational":[168],"because":[169],"TED-specific":[170],"limited.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-09-20T00:00:00"}