{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213612828","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.20663","title":"Entropy, area, and the choice of regulator during gravitational collapse","display_name":"Entropy, area, and the choice of regulator during gravitational collapse","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213612828","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.20663"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.20663","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.20663","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.20663","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.20663","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014064009","display_name":"Jana N. Guenther","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-2029","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-2029"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guenther, Jana N.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024651352","display_name":"Christian Hoelbling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5715-1086","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5715-1086"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hoelbling, Christian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041006601","display_name":"Sophie Mutzel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8349-169X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8349-169X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mutzel, Sophie","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036095133","display_name":"Lukas Varnhorst","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3718-0143","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3718-0143"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Varnhorst, Lukas","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10025","display_name":"Black Holes and Theoretical Physics","score":0.9603999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10025","display_name":"Black Holes and Theoretical Physics","score":0.9603999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11415","display_name":"Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories","score":0.00860000029206276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.005799999926239252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gravitational-collapse","display_name":"gravitational collapse","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entanglement-entropy","display_name":"entanglement entropy","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/area-law","display_name":"area law","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultraviolet-divergences","display_name":"ultraviolet divergences","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-momentum-tensor","display_name":"energy-momentum tensor","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/massless-scalar-field","display_name":"massless scalar field","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-formalism","display_name":"real-time formalism","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-hole-formation","display_name":"black hole formation","score":0.49300000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.7878999710083008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9136319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q362640","display_name":"Covariant transformation","level":2,"score":0.6064000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54937798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2024141","display_name":"Massless particle","level":2,"score":0.5918999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121040770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215675","display_name":"Quantum entanglement","level":3,"score":0.5669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110521144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193460","display_name":"Scalar field","level":2,"score":0.5357000231742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.5101000070571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118396296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q329273","display_name":"Gravitational collapse","level":2,"score":0.4453999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39927690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11197","display_name":"Logarithm","level":2,"score":0.3912999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57691317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289248","display_name":"Scalar (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.38670000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.3815999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14257148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q558066","display_name":"Gravitational field","level":2,"score":0.3409000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124017977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11412","display_name":"Gravitation","level":2,"score":0.3375000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115047598","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54505","display_name":"Quantum field theory","level":2,"score":0.3336000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73301696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5469984","display_name":"Formalism (music)","level":3,"score":0.3264000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.3160000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6929976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3771881","display_name":"Regulator","level":3,"score":0.313400000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26955809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10167591","display_name":"Initial value problem","level":2,"score":0.29840001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.29280000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108280814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12137","display_name":"Spherical shell","level":3,"score":0.2921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108568745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234181","display_name":"Quantum gravity","level":3,"score":0.29030001163482666}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.20663","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.20663","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.20663","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05763259v1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05763259v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2026","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2609.20663","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.20663","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.20663","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.20663","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.20663","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.20663","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2149602409","https://openalex.org/W4412481118","https://openalex.org/W1846092358","https://openalex.org/W2076666462","https://openalex.org/W1757518277","https://openalex.org/W2011572643","https://openalex.org/W3168587486","https://openalex.org/W1491962633","https://openalex.org/W3212161262","https://openalex.org/W4405311424"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,22],"present":[1],"a":[2,13,24,71,87,91],"real":[3],"time":[4,112],"formalism":[5],"to":[6,31,65,118],"numerically":[7],"describe":[8],"the":[9,18,33,37,46,55,59,66,81,95,102,122,130],"gravitational":[10],"collapse":[11],"of":[12,58,74,90],"scalar":[14,93],"quantum":[15],"field":[16],"in":[17,36,121],"spherically":[19],"symmetric":[20],"case.":[21],"employ":[23],"Pauli-Villars":[25],"regulator":[26,131],"that":[27,54,85],"is":[28,63,99],"specifically":[29],"designed":[30],"cancel":[32],"ultraviolet":[34],"divergences":[35],"energy-momentum":[38],"tensor":[39],"identified":[40],"by":[41],"covariant":[42],"point":[43],"splitting,":[44],"including":[45],"logarithmic":[47],"ones.":[48],"Using":[49],"this":[50],"regulator,":[51],"we":[52],"find":[53],"leading":[56],"term":[57],"entanglement":[60],"entropy,":[61],"which":[62],"proportional":[64],"surface":[67],"area,":[68],"vanishes":[69],"for":[70,80,86],"spherical":[72],"region":[73],"flat":[75],"spacetime.":[76],"First":[77],"numerical":[78],"results":[79],"dynamical":[82],"case":[83],"indicate":[84],"collapsing":[88],"shell":[89,103],"massless":[92],"field,":[94],"area":[96],"normalized":[97],"entropy":[98],"concentrated":[100],"on":[101,129],"and":[104,125],"has":[105],"an":[106],"approximately":[107],"constant":[108],"maximum":[109,115],"value":[110,116],"during":[111],"evolution.":[113],"This":[114],"appears":[117],"be":[119],"finite":[120],"continuum":[123],"limit":[124],"only":[126],"mildly":[127],"dependent":[128],"mass.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2026-09-19T00:00:00"}
