{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213610463","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.87fzh-cef84","title":"A Hydrodynamic Approach to Macroscopic Gravity: Thermodynamic Equilibrium via Viscous Dissipation and Quaternion Tensors","display_name":"A Hydrodynamic Approach to Macroscopic Gravity: Thermodynamic Equilibrium via Viscous Dissipation and Quaternion Tensors","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213610463","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.87fzh-cef84"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23728/b2share.755r3-rbm22","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.755r3-rbm22","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.755r3-rbm22","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051015","display_name":"CDI B2Share","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405259559","host_organization_name":"EUDAT","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259559"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.755r3-rbm22","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148690703","display_name":"Jung Soo Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5140-0604","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5140-0604"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kim, Jung Soo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent Researcher"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5140-0604","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent Researcher","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5148690703"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11960","display_name":"Relativity and Gravitational Theory","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11960","display_name":"Relativity and Gravitational Theory","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.00559999980032444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13080","display_name":"Advanced Differential Geometry Research","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macroscopic-gravity","display_name":"macroscopic gravity","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrodynamic-gravity","display_name":"hydrodynamic gravity","score":0.8399999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.6886000037193298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.6798999905586243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16171025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863349","display_name":"Singularity","level":2,"score":0.5806999802589417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201721","display_name":"Gravitational singularity","level":2,"score":0.5314000248908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134853933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208641","display_name":"Hydrostatic equilibrium","level":2,"score":0.4740999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14257148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q558066","display_name":"Gravitational field","level":2,"score":0.4575999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155281189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3518150","display_name":"Tensor (intrinsic definition)","level":2,"score":0.4521999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135402231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898440","display_name":"Dissipation","level":2,"score":0.44110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140820882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732722","display_name":"Vortex","level":2,"score":0.421999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166077713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758924","display_name":"Tensor field","level":3,"score":0.39340001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184050105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273163","display_name":"Isotropy","level":2,"score":0.3824000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131157278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51363","display_name":"Thermodynamic equilibrium","level":2,"score":0.3783999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195065555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881","display_name":"Curvature","level":2,"score":0.3743000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.37279999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80551277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11210","display_name":"Coordinate system","level":2,"score":0.3614000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124017977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11412","display_name":"Gravitation","level":2,"score":0.35190001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173386949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192735","display_name":"Inertial frame of reference","level":2,"score":0.3499000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135889238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46276","display_name":"Kinetic energy","level":2,"score":0.31470000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200127275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173853","display_name":"Quaternion","level":2,"score":0.3109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3075999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118396296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q329273","display_name":"Gravitational collapse","level":2,"score":0.3025999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196558001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190132","display_name":"Turbulence","level":2,"score":0.30059999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11476","display_name":"Kinematics","level":2,"score":0.2985000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91188154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186247","display_name":"Vector field","level":2,"score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2799000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135768490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2250602","display_name":"Shear flow","level":2,"score":0.2653000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9259290","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745215","display_name":"Variational principle","level":2,"score":0.2612000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41607394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2420179","display_name":"Thermodynamic potential","level":2,"score":0.2565999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161326058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7245073","display_name":"Principal axis theorem","level":2,"score":0.2515000104904175}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23728/b2share.755r3-rbm22","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.755r3-rbm22","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.755r3-rbm22","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051015","display_name":"CDI B2Share","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405259559","host_organization_name":"EUDAT","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259559"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.23728/b2share.85253-r5p76","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.85253-r5p76","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.85253-r5p76","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051015","display_name":"CDI B2Share","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405259559","host_organization_name":"EUDAT","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259559"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.23728/b2share.87fzh-cef84","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.87fzh-cef84","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.87fzh-cef84","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051015","display_name":"CDI B2Share","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405259559","host_organization_name":"EUDAT","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259559"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.23728/b2share.hrdx3-dxt17","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.hrdx3-dxt17","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.hrdx3-dxt17","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051015","display_name":"CDI B2Share","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405259559","host_organization_name":"EUDAT","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259559"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.23728/b2share.r6y7e-5vt51","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.r6y7e-5vt51","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.r6y7e-5vt51","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051015","display_name":"CDI B2Share","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405259559","host_organization_name":"EUDAT","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259559"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.23728/b2share.x0kze-kk830","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.x0kze-kk830","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.x0kze-kk830","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051015","display_name":"CDI B2Share","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405259559","host_organization_name":"EUDAT","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259559"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.23728/b2share.755r3-rbm22","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.755r3-rbm22","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.755r3-rbm22","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051015","display_name":"CDI B2Share","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405259559","host_organization_name":"EUDAT","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259559"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,81,111],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,27,34,76,84,100,128],"novel":[4],"hydrodynamic":[5,112],"framework":[6],"for":[7,134],"macroscopic":[8,131],"gravity,":[9,126],"bridging":[10],"the":[11,23,43,58,91,106,122],"gap":[12],"between":[13],"Einstein's":[14],"tensor":[15,38,72],"geometry":[16],"and":[17],"Navier-Stokes":[18],"fluid":[19],"dynamics.":[20],"By":[21],"modeling":[22],"gravitational":[24,60],"field":[25,132],"as":[26],"continuous":[28],"flow":[29],"of":[30,94,124],"Vacuum":[31],"Fluctuation":[32],"Energy,":[33],"dimensionally":[35],"calibrated":[36],"quaternion":[37],"is":[39,73],"introduced":[40],"to":[41,56],"resolve":[42],"topological":[44],"coordinate":[45],"singularity":[46,66],"(gimbal":[47],"lock":[48],"phenomenon)":[49],"inherent":[50],"in":[51,63],"rotating":[52],"celestial":[53],"bodies.":[54],"Furthermore,":[55],"prevent":[57],"non-physical":[59],"collapse":[61],"observed":[62],"conventional":[64],"mass-density":[65],"models,":[67],"an":[68],"isotropic":[69],"hydrostatic":[70],"pressure":[71],"coupled":[74],"with":[75],"radial":[77],"density":[78,117],"stratification":[79],"function.":[80],"system":[82],"reaches":[83],"permanent":[85],"thermodynamic":[86],"equilibrium":[87],"state":[88],"by":[89],"suppressing":[90],"exponential":[92],"divergence":[93],"turbulent":[95],"kinetic":[96],"energy":[97],"(TKE)":[98],"through":[99],"kinematic":[101],"viscous":[102],"dissipation":[103],"term":[104],"opposing":[105],"non-linear":[107],"convective":[108],"vortex":[109],"acceleration.":[110],"formulation":[113],"successfully":[114],"mitigates":[115],"infinite":[116],"singularities":[118],"without":[119],"relying":[120],"on":[121],"constraints":[123],"quantum":[125],"providing":[127],"computable":[129],"closed-form":[130],"theory":[133],"planetary":[135],"geometry.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-11T09:32:39.932853","created_date":"2026-09-19T00:00:00"}