{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213610061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.19183","title":"Message capacity and claim wording set the transition points of collective truth-finding in language-model networks","display_name":"Message capacity and claim wording set the transition points of collective truth-finding in language-model networks","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213610061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.19183"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.19183","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.19183","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.19183","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.19183","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130387268","display_name":"Makoto Fukushima","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405273128","display_name":"Honda Research Institute Japan Co., Ltd. (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/05at5p855","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405273128"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fukushima, Makoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Division , Honda Research Institute Japan Co., Ltd. , Wako , Saitama , Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Division , Honda Research Institute Japan Co., Ltd. , Wako , Saitama , Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405273128"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5130387268"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405273128"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.7056000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.7056000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.11749999970197678,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.04560000076889992,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-language-models","display_name":"large language models","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/message-capacity","display_name":"message capacity","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consensus-formation","display_name":"consensus formation","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bistability","display_name":"bistability","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transition-point","display_name":"transition point","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-calibration","display_name":"model calibration","score":0.43299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication-networks","display_name":"communication networks","score":0.6629999876022339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.6642000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5432000160217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34388435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267362","display_name":"Bounded function","level":2,"score":0.5156999826431274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4823000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.4690000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606712","display_name":"Transition (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.46160000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4514000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.4262999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.40790000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.4074999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90329073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q914232","display_name":"Ask price","level":2,"score":0.39910000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3603000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63002673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2260590","display_name":"Scoring rule","level":2,"score":0.3490999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.3095000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3046000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.2971000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.28360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31084985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372650","display_name":"Common knowledge (logic)","level":5,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781085045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7318308","display_name":"Reversing","level":2,"score":0.2644999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62989814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854648","display_name":"Gossip","level":2,"score":0.2606000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729138","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.25999999046325684}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.19183","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.19183","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.19183","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2609.19183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.19183","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.19183","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.19183","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.19183","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.19183","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213610061.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213610061.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1747565446","https://openalex.org/W1988013646","https://openalex.org/W1991139021","https://openalex.org/W2331131332","https://openalex.org/W4387892136","https://openalex.org/W4403584145","https://openalex.org/W4410358178","https://openalex.org/W4411039580","https://openalex.org/W4415800641","https://openalex.org/W7101828907","https://openalex.org/W7172391941","https://openalex.org/W7196957946","https://openalex.org/W7203684476"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7221851100","https://openalex.org/W7126196193","https://openalex.org/W7215030624","https://openalex.org/W7172414429","https://openalex.org/W7141417890","https://openalex.org/W7223023882","https://openalex.org/W7134804117","https://openalex.org/W7214551800","https://openalex.org/W7202099958","https://openalex.org/W7213498569"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Whether":[0],"human":[1],"or":[2,24],"large":[3],"language":[4],"model":[5,53,245],"(LLM),":[6],"an":[7,70,87,257],"agent":[8,71],"in":[9,162,172,261],"a":[10,14,31,36,92,97,101,111,190,233,242,275,287],"discussion":[11],"reads":[12],"only":[13,173],"few":[15],"of":[16,66,91,100,104,110,145,166,177,263],"the":[17,50,54,59,67,75,107,123,128,155,158,185,187,195,203,209,218,222,225,229,246,268,285,292,297],"others'":[18,68],"contributions,":[19],"bounded":[20],"by":[21,281],"cognition,":[22],"context,":[23],"cost.":[25],"LLM":[26],"collectives":[27],"can":[28],"settle":[29],"on":[30,140],"wrong":[32,129],"consensus":[33,130],"even":[34],"when":[35,175],"majority":[37],"starts":[38,154],"out":[39],"correct;":[40],"we":[41,84],"ask":[42],"how":[43,64],"far":[44],"that":[45,86,189,228,295],"reading":[46],"bound":[47,55],"alone":[48],"decides":[49],"outcome.":[51],"We":[52],"with":[56,115,152,213],"one":[57],"number,":[58],"message":[60,200,293],"capacity,":[61],"which":[62],"sets":[63,193,296],"many":[65],"messages":[69],"reads,":[72],"and":[73,122,171,212,256,291],"generate":[74],"communication":[76],"network":[77],"from":[78,134,168],"it.":[79],"Over":[80],"31,824":[81],"randomized":[82],"queries,":[83],"found":[85],"8-billion-parameter":[88],"model's":[89],"judgment":[90],"claim":[93,234],"effectively":[94],"reduces":[95],"to":[96,184],"logistic":[98],"function":[99],"weighted":[102],"sum":[103],"its":[105],"inbox,":[106],"update":[108],"rule":[109],"stochastic":[112],"binary":[113],"neuron":[114],"divisively":[116],"normalized":[117],"weights.":[118],"From":[119],"these":[120],"weights":[121,220],"network's":[124],"degree":[125],"statistics":[126],"alone,":[127],"should":[131],"become":[132],"unreachable":[133],"any":[135,199],"start":[136],"once":[137],"agents":[138,178],"read,":[139],"average,":[141],"fewer":[142,163],"than":[143,164],"6.4":[144],"their":[146],"31":[147],"sources.":[148],"In":[149],"1,414":[150],"episodes":[151,167],"assigned":[153],"prediction":[156],"failed:":[157],"correct":[159],"side":[160],"won":[161],"50%":[165],"every":[169],"start,":[170],"28-45%":[174],"75%":[176],"started":[179],"correct.":[180],"The":[181],"failure":[182],"traces":[183],"field,":[186],"threshold":[188,230,286],"claim's":[191,215,288],"wording":[192,226,289],"for":[194],"agent's":[196],"answer":[197],"before":[198],"is":[201,239,271,278],"read:":[202],"experimental":[204],"claims'":[205],"fields":[206],"lay":[207],"below":[208],"calibration":[210,259],"mean,":[211],"each":[214],"own":[216],"field":[217],"same":[219],"reproduce":[221],"outcomes.":[223],"Reversing":[224],"showed":[227],"follows":[231],"what":[232],"asserts,":[235],"not":[236,272],"whether":[237],"it":[238],"true.":[240],"On":[241],"second":[243],"8B":[244],"pipeline":[247],"predicts":[248],"claim-dependent":[249],"bistability;":[250],"transition":[251,298],"points":[252],"appeared":[253],"where":[254],"computed,":[255],"eight-claim":[258],"matched":[260],"15":[262],"16":[264],"conditions.":[265],"At":[266],"70B":[267],"assertion":[269],"bias":[270],"detected.":[273],"Thus":[274],"collective's":[276],"fate":[277],"largely":[279],"set":[280],"two":[282],"single-agent":[283],"measurements:":[284],"sets,":[290],"capacity":[294],"point.":[299]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-09-19T00:00:00"}