{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213601840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrp.2026.103553","title":"Enhanced microfluidic heat sinks with a bio-inspired metal skeleton toward thermal management of flexible electronics","display_name":"Enhanced microfluidic heat sinks with a bio-inspired metal skeleton toward thermal management of flexible electronics","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213601840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrp.2026.103553"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.xcrp.2026.103553","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrp.2026.103553","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrp.2026.103553","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216867","display_name":"Cell Reports Physical Science","issn_l":"2666-3864","issn":["2666-3864"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cell Reports Physical Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrp.2026.103553","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101571366","display_name":"Bo Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5332-615X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5332-615X","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0633-2033"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bo Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Nuclear Science, Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5332-615X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Nuclear Science, Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101260696","display_name":"Encong Hu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Encong Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Thermal Science and Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Thermal Science and Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152138719","display_name":"Minyi Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minyi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Nuclear Science, Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Nuclear Science, Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152122271","display_name":"Jiaqian Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaqian Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Nuclear Science, Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Nuclear Science, Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152131467","display_name":"Ziman Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziman Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Thermal Science and Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Thermal Science and Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152118919","display_name":"Gongming Xin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gongming Xin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Nuclear Science, Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Nuclear Science, Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5143505900","display_name":"Xinyu Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xinyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Thermal Science and Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Thermal Science and Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101571366","https://openalex.org/A5143505900"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"],"apc_list":{"value":5620,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5620},"apc_paid":{"value":5620,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5620},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5134112,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"10","first_page":"103553","last_page":"103553"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11277","display_name":"Thermal properties of materials","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11277","display_name":"Thermal properties of materials","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11523","display_name":"Nanomaterials and Printing Technologies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13116","display_name":"Heat Transfer and Numerical Methods","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexible-electronics","display_name":"flexible electronics","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-management","display_name":"thermal management","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copper-foam","display_name":"copper foam","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cubic-boron-nitride","display_name":"cubic boron nitride","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polydimethylsiloxane","display_name":"polydimethylsiloxane","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomimetic-materials","display_name":"biomimetic materials","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-conductivity","display_name":"thermal conductivity","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/through-plane-thermal-conductivity","display_name":"through-plane thermal conductivity","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-compliance","display_name":"mechanical compliance","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elastic-modulus","display_name":"elastic modulus","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-shielding","display_name":"electromagnetic interference shielding","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flame-retardancy","display_name":"flame retardancy","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bending-stability","display_name":"bending stability","score":0.3240000009536743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6532999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8673954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138845","display_name":"Microfluidics","level":2,"score":0.6425999999046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186937647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1796959","display_name":"Heat sink","level":2,"score":0.6021000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114834414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15477170","display_name":"Thermal management of electronic devices and systems","level":2,"score":0.5913000106811523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138331895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11650","display_name":"Electronics","level":2,"score":0.5454999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.47450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.4489000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.30090001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544153396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11426","display_name":"Metal","level":2,"score":0.290800005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84967400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1066289","display_name":"Flexible electronics","level":2,"score":0.28610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020168488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65069798","display_name":"High heat","level":2,"score":0.26589998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.2615000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778952998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17010280","display_name":"Electronics cooling","level":3,"score":0.2547999918460846}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.xcrp.2026.103553","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrp.2026.103553","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrp.2026.103553","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216867","display_name":"Cell Reports Physical Science","issn_l":"2666-3864","issn":["2666-3864"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cell Reports Physical Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b3e2b5afcdf14fe3bcccc274062dcd0c","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b3e2b5afcdf14fe3bcccc274062dcd0c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cell Reports Physical Science, Vol 7, Iss 10, Pp 103553- (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.xcrp.2026.103553","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrp.2026.103553","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrp.2026.103553","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216867","display_name":"Cell Reports Physical Science","issn_l":"2666-3864","issn":["2666-3864"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cell Reports Physical Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311026","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333622","display_name":"Fundamental Research Fund of Shandong University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1990759930","https://openalex.org/W2003852242","https://openalex.org/W2019612453","https://openalex.org/W2033515476","https://openalex.org/W2049575791","https://openalex.org/W2069823665","https://openalex.org/W2156293436","https://openalex.org/W2167673270","https://openalex.org/W2527788675","https://openalex.org/W2565041871","https://openalex.org/W2613434172","https://openalex.org/W2887568636","https://openalex.org/W2906228852","https://openalex.org/W2921693629","https://openalex.org/W2999360818","https://openalex.org/W3003632886","https://openalex.org/W3087171950","https://openalex.org/W3098885841","https://openalex.org/W3137904673","https://openalex.org/W3164588461","https://openalex.org/W3214310146","https://openalex.org/W4206285672","https://openalex.org/W4212840440","https://openalex.org/W4281803089","https://openalex.org/W4288072103","https://openalex.org/W4293256803","https://openalex.org/W4321116948","https://openalex.org/W4378974724","https://openalex.org/W4379383402","https://openalex.org/W4389368143","https://openalex.org/W4390685392","https://openalex.org/W4390694224","https://openalex.org/W4396831585","https://openalex.org/W4399434704","https://openalex.org/W4400091934","https://openalex.org/W4404393603","https://openalex.org/W4406798274","https://openalex.org/W4407165092","https://openalex.org/W4407772262","https://openalex.org/W4412014977","https://openalex.org/W4412983676","https://openalex.org/W4414161450","https://openalex.org/W4415545092","https://openalex.org/W4417098774","https://openalex.org/W7118955632","https://openalex.org/W7128356189"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4415545092","https://openalex.org/W4410352625","https://openalex.org/W4390342752","https://openalex.org/W4400033931","https://openalex.org/W3209705389","https://openalex.org/W2972586139","https://openalex.org/W4280521729","https://openalex.org/W4407171532","https://openalex.org/W4399201897","https://openalex.org/W3108280557"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Flexible":[0],"electronics":[1],"require":[2],"thermal-management":[3,141],"materials":[4],"that":[5],"combine":[6],"heat":[7,112],"dissipation":[8],"with":[9,123],"mechanical":[10],"compliance,":[11],"yet":[12],"flexible":[13,110,145],"polymers":[14],"are":[15],"limited":[16],"by":[17],"low":[18],"thermal":[19,59,90],"conductivity.":[20],"Here,":[21],"we":[22],"report":[23],"a":[24,83,139],"sponge-inspired":[25],"composite":[26,79],"of":[27],"copper":[28],"foam":[29],"(CF),":[30],"cubic":[31],"boron":[32],"nitride":[33],"(c-BN),":[34],"and":[35,44,57,63,71,97,103,131],"polydimethylsiloxane":[36],"(PDMS),":[37],"in":[38,86],"which":[39],"the":[40],"interconnected":[41],"CF":[42],"skeleton":[43],"dispersed":[45],"c-BN":[46],"fillers":[47],"create":[48],"continuous":[49],"multiscale":[50],"heat-conduction":[51],"pathways.":[52],"This":[53],"architecture":[54],"raises":[55],"in-plane":[56],"through-plane":[58],"conductivities":[60],"to":[61,120],"21.47":[62],"3.45":[64],"W\u00b7m":[65],"\u22121":[66,68],"\u00b7K":[67],",":[69],"141-":[70],"22-fold":[72],"higher":[73],"than":[74],"pure":[75],"PDMS,":[76],"respectively.":[77],"The":[78],"remains":[80],"flexible,":[81],"shows":[82],"2569.8%":[84],"increase":[85],"elastic":[87],"modulus,":[88],"retains":[89],"conductivity":[91],"after":[92],"10":[93],"6":[94],"bending":[95,130],"cycles,":[96],"provides":[98],"25.25":[99],"dB":[100],"EMI":[101],"shielding":[102],"UL-94":[104],"V-0":[105],"flame":[106],"retardancy.":[107],"Integrated":[108],"into":[109],"microfluidic":[111],"sinks,":[113],"it":[114],"enables":[115],"stable":[116],"cooling":[117],"from":[118],"0\u00b0":[119],"120\u00b0":[121],"bending,":[122],"temperature":[124],"variations":[125],"below":[126],"4.2%":[127],"under":[128],"static":[129],"3%":[132],"during":[133],"dynamic":[134],"bending.":[135],"These":[136],"results":[137],"provide":[138],"multifunctional":[140],"platform":[142],"for":[143],"next-generation":[144],"electronics.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-09-19T00:00:00"}
