{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213599885","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.20773","title":"Fragmentation Dynamics of Pristine Interstellar Comets: An Exploratory Multi-Physics Simulation Study","display_name":"Fragmentation Dynamics of Pristine Interstellar Comets: An Exploratory Multi-Physics Simulation Study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213599885","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.20773"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.20773","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.20773","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.20773","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.20773","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078544814","display_name":"Behrooz Karamiqucham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9898-2502","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9898-2502"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204593131","display_name":"College of Charleston","ror":"https://ror.org/00390t168","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204593131"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Karamiqucham, Behrooz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics & Astronomy , College of Charleston , Charleston , SC 29424 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics & Astronomy , College of Charleston , Charleston , SC 29424 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204593131"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078544814"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204593131"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10325","display_name":"Astro and Planetary Science","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1912","display_name":"Space and Planetary Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10325","display_name":"Astro and Planetary Science","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1912","display_name":"Space and Planetary Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10477","display_name":"Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11701","display_name":"Space Satellite Systems and Control","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interstellar-comets","display_name":"interstellar comets","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comet-fragmentation","display_name":"comet fragmentation","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-evolution","display_name":"thermal evolution","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sublimation","display_name":"sublimation","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tensile-strength","display_name":"tensile strength","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mass-loss","display_name":"mass loss","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volatile-depletion","display_name":"volatile depletion","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comet-composition","display_name":"comet composition","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co-sublimation","display_name":"CO sublimation","score":0.5149999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jupiter-family-comets","display_name":"Jupiter-family comets","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perihelion-distance","display_name":"perihelion distance","score":0.6209999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58437636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217249","display_name":"Sublimation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6455000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191015642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132459","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6262000203132629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.49470001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.4745999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172100665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7465774","display_name":"Thermal conduction","level":2,"score":0.47029998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994303710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7973512","display_name":"Water ice","level":2,"score":0.42980000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780723820","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1934178","display_name":"Nucleus","level":2,"score":0.3887999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87355193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411","display_name":"Astrobiology","level":1,"score":0.38760000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.3774999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539450922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q544","display_name":"Solar System","level":2,"score":0.335999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512968161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556","display_name":"Hydrogen","level":2,"score":0.3260999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989031253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q925667","display_name":"Numerical modeling","level":2,"score":0.32519999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30646810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185648","display_name":"Torr","level":2,"score":0.2992999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67236022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4364434","display_name":"Mantle (geology)","level":2,"score":0.2946999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986605239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q925667","display_name":"Numerical models","level":3,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.28859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129716092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912130","display_name":"Internal heating","level":2,"score":0.28610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59593255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901663","display_name":"Molecular dynamics","level":2,"score":0.28369998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2831000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65494353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180241","display_name":"Internal energy","level":2,"score":0.28279998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2815000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.2711000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500300565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q925667","display_name":"Computer simulation","level":2,"score":0.26840001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40325409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2360668","display_name":"Mass spectrum","level":3,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3345301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1773534","display_name":"Comet nucleus","level":3,"score":0.26409998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4839761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212111","display_name":"Spectral line","level":2,"score":0.26409998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179537507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55818","display_name":"Impact crater","level":2,"score":0.2639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2556999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147534773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190120","display_name":"Water vapor","level":2,"score":0.25529998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196939603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41872","display_name":"Interstellar medium","level":3,"score":0.2538999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184779094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383","display_name":"Atomic physics","level":1,"score":0.25380000472068787}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.20773","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.20773","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.20773","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2609.20773","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.20773","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.20773","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.20773","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.20773","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.20773","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213599885.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213599885.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2912985529","https://openalex.org/W4413096909","https://openalex.org/W4413439081","https://openalex.org/W4415348516","https://openalex.org/W4415948537","https://openalex.org/W7134856844","https://openalex.org/W7140228432","https://openalex.org/W7155398304","https://openalex.org/W7167489819"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3088903966","https://openalex.org/W2342955515","https://openalex.org/W1498229709","https://openalex.org/W7213411527","https://openalex.org/W3033100084","https://openalex.org/W6884505766","https://openalex.org/W3206829054","https://openalex.org/W2061218963","https://openalex.org/W4412033716","https://openalex.org/W2993156672"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,211],"present":[1],"an":[2,58,224,246],"exploratory":[3],"numerical":[4],"model":[5],"for":[6,185],"the":[7,21,88,96,107,125,152,159,167,193,207,213,216],"thermal":[8],"evolution":[9],"and":[10,33,70,73,124,149,176,223,230],"fragmentation":[11,81],"of":[12,29,151,200],"pristine":[13],"interstellar":[14],"comets":[15,199],"on":[16,174,180],"a":[17,27,54,74,101,116,145,156],"first":[18],"passage":[19],"through":[20],"inner":[22],"Solar":[23],"System,":[24],"applied":[25],"over":[26],"grid":[28],"perihelion":[30,123],"distances":[31],"($q=0.25$--$1.5$~AU)":[32],"tensile":[34],"strengths":[35],"($\u03c3_t=50$--$500$~Pa).":[36],"A":[37],"single":[38],"nucleus":[39],"($M_0=2\\times10^{12}$~kg,":[40],"$R_0\\approx1.06$~km,":[41],"dust/ice":[42],"$=1$,":[43],"ices":[44],"35\\%":[45],"CO,":[46],"30\\%":[47],"CO$_2$,":[48],"15\\%":[49],"CH$_4$,":[50],"20\\%":[51],"H$_2$O)":[52],"follows":[53],"hyperbolic":[55],"trajectory":[56],"from":[57],"initially":[59],"30~K":[60],"state,":[61],"with":[62,115],"heat":[63],"conduction,":[64],"energy-balanced":[65],"multi-species":[66],"sublimation,":[67],"dust":[68],"lifting":[69],"lag-mantle":[71],"growth,":[72],"subsurface":[75],"gas-pressure":[76],"failure":[77],"criterion,":[78],"so":[79,206],"that":[80],"is":[82,133,138],"emergent":[83],"rather":[84],"than":[85],"prescribed.":[86],"In":[87],"primary":[89],"case":[90],"($q=1$~AU,":[91],"$\u03c3_t=100$~Pa)":[92],"splitting":[93],"begins":[94],"at":[95,119,143],"3~AU":[97,227],"starting":[98],"distance,":[99],"once":[100],"sub-millimeter":[102],"lag":[103],"deposit":[104],"partially":[105],"confines":[106],"warming":[108],"CO":[109],"front;":[110],"63":[111],"binary":[112],"splittings":[113],"follow,":[114],"self-limited":[117],"plateau":[118],"53":[120],"bodies":[121],"before":[122],"64-body":[126],"tracking":[127],"cap":[128],"reached":[129],"near":[130],"perihelion.":[131],"Sublimation":[132],"energy-limited:":[134],"total":[135],"mass":[136,153,160,169,221],"loss":[137,170],"1.3\\%,":[139],"volatile":[140],"depletions":[141],"are":[142],"most":[144,150],"few":[146],"per":[147],"cent,":[148],"survives":[154],"as":[155,228],"fragment":[157],"swarm;":[158],"budget":[161],"closes":[162],"to":[163,183,218,235],"machine":[164],"precision.":[165],"Across":[166],"grid,":[168],"(0.8--1.7\\%)":[171],"depends":[172],"weakly":[173],"$q$":[175],"$\u03c3_t$":[177],"but":[178],"strongly":[179],"composition,":[181],"falling":[182],"0.1\\%":[184],"depleted,":[186],"67P-like":[187],"ices.":[188],"Yet":[189],"every":[190],"case,":[191],"including":[192],"depleted":[194],"class,":[195],"disaggregates,":[196],"whereas":[197],"Jupiter-family":[198],"similar":[201],"composition":[202,214],"survive":[203],"repeated":[204],"perihelia,":[205],"sealing":[208],"prescription":[209],"over-fragments.":[210],"regard":[212],"ranking,":[215],"insensitivity":[217],"$\u03c3_t$,":[219],"percent-level":[220],"loss,":[222],"onset":[225],"beyond":[226],"robust,":[229],"defer":[231],"absolute":[232],"survival":[233],"predictions":[234],"calibration":[236],"against":[237],"well-observed":[238],"comets.":[239],"Mantle":[240],"insulation":[241],"suppresses":[242],"outbound":[243],"activity,":[244],"producing":[245],"inbound--outbound":[247],"asymmetry.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-09-19T00:00:00"}
