{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213544012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2026.1870854","title":"Synergistic effects of seedbed methods and legume intercropping on soil moisture conservation and productivity of groundnut in rainfed Alfisols","display_name":"Synergistic effects of seedbed methods and legume intercropping on soil moisture conservation and productivity of groundnut in rainfed Alfisols","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213544012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2026.1870854"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fsufs.2026.1870854","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2026.1870854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2026.1870854","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sustainable-food-systems/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2026.1870854/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212157","display_name":"Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems","issn_l":"2571-581X","issn":["2571-581X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sustainable-food-systems/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2026.1870854/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109497328","display_name":"Kannan Pandian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134900695","display_name":"Tamil Nadu Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04fs90r60","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134900695"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kannan Pandian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agricultural College and Research Institute, Chettinad, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agricultural College and Research Institute, Chettinad, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134900695"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104021047","display_name":"Vijayakumar Shanmugam","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298986040","display_name":"Indian Institute of Rice Research","ror":"https://ror.org/021j5pp16","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298986040","https://openalex.org/I179420787"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179420787","display_name":"Indian Council of Agricultural Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04fw54a43","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179420787"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vijayakumar Shanmugam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298986040","https://openalex.org/I179420787"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107617637","display_name":"Surya Teja Varanasi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3885-7205","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3885-7205"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134900695","display_name":"Tamil Nadu Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04fs90r60","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134900695"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Surya Teja Varanasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134900695"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109759496","display_name":"Mohamed Roshan Abu Firnass Mustaffa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134900695","display_name":"Tamil Nadu Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04fs90r60","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134900695"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Roshan Abu Firnass Mustaffa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134900695"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064079433","display_name":"Ratnadeep Kar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3663-8438","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3663-8438"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134900695","display_name":"Tamil Nadu Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04fs90r60","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134900695"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ratnadeep Kar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134900695"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076538719","display_name":"Anbarasu Mariyappillai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7970-4454","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7970-4454"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138876546","display_name":"Vels University","ror":"https://ror.org/00tscx035","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138876546"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anbarasu Mariyappillai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Agriculture, Vels Institute of Science, Technology & Advanced Studies (VISTAS)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Agriculture, Vels Institute of Science, Technology & Advanced Studies (VISTAS)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138876546"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5104021047","https://openalex.org/A5109497328"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298986040","https://openalex.org/I134900695","https://openalex.org/I179420787"],"apc_list":{"value":1950,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2353},"apc_paid":{"value":1950,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2353},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6848984,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12436","display_name":"Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems","score":0.9761000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12436","display_name":"Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems","score":0.9761000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11404","display_name":"Irrigation Practices and Water Management","score":0.00930000003427267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":0.004399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peanut","display_name":"groundnut","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raised-beds","display_name":"raised beds","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legume-intercropping","display_name":"legume intercropping","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cowpea","display_name":"cowpea","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-gram","display_name":"Vigna mungo","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pigeonpea","display_name":"Cajanus cajan","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/castor","display_name":"castor","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-moisture-conservation","display_name":"soil moisture conservation","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rainwater-use-efficiency","display_name":"rainwater use efficiency","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pod-yield","display_name":"pod yield","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-fertility","display_name":"soil fertility","score":0.7620000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779656465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155180","display_name":"Seedbed","level":3,"score":0.9531999826431274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781208722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853859","display_name":"Intercropping","level":2,"score":0.7836999893188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.7247999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137776501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208270","display_name":"Point of delivery","level":2,"score":0.715399980545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.6385999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37991615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192084","display_name":"Vertisol","level":3,"score":0.6157000064849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781410044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q304506","display_name":"Alfisol","level":3,"score":0.483599990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75639521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1283519","display_name":"Field experiment","level":2,"score":0.47350001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126343540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Crop yield","level":2,"score":0.4147000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.3799000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38774213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202080","display_name":"Soil fertility","level":3,"score":0.36800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776632002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145909","display_name":"Legume","level":2,"score":0.36559998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.3483999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C855514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665869","display_name":"Interaction","level":2,"score":0.33899998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176864760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217651","display_name":"Moisture","level":2,"score":0.31929999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777413377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13056610","display_name":"Cunninghamia","level":2,"score":0.31839999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161369605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41803","display_name":"Gram","level":3,"score":0.2721000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778157034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12111","display_name":"Sorghum","level":2,"score":0.26759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24939127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373499","display_name":"Water content","level":2,"score":0.25769999623298645}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fsufs.2026.1870854","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2026.1870854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2026.1870854","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sustainable-food-systems/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2026.1870854/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212157","display_name":"Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems","issn_l":"2571-581X","issn":["2571-581X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ae6d0362ad8b472a9ba66f4e1b9a2b72","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ae6d0362ad8b472a9ba66f4e1b9a2b72","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Vol 10 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fsufs.2026.1870854","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2026.1870854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2026.1870854","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sustainable-food-systems/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2026.1870854/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212157","display_name":"Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems","issn_l":"2571-581X","issn":["2571-581X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land","score":0.7605999708175659}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213544012.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213544012.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975220728","https://openalex.org/W2006479978","https://openalex.org/W2038304262","https://openalex.org/W2059354719","https://openalex.org/W2091160252","https://openalex.org/W2099656668","https://openalex.org/W2117469965","https://openalex.org/W2400450278","https://openalex.org/W2499378690","https://openalex.org/W3021404478","https://openalex.org/W3055882093","https://openalex.org/W4200544338","https://openalex.org/W4220797907","https://openalex.org/W4311716769","https://openalex.org/W4322768361","https://openalex.org/W4363675338","https://openalex.org/W4366825915","https://openalex.org/W4382727749","https://openalex.org/W4387753177","https://openalex.org/W4390584794","https://openalex.org/W4402218617","https://openalex.org/W4403777756","https://openalex.org/W4404872062","https://openalex.org/W4405889790","https://openalex.org/W4407382439","https://openalex.org/W4407828547","https://openalex.org/W4408797806","https://openalex.org/W4410331554","https://openalex.org/W4413307690","https://openalex.org/W4413353165","https://openalex.org/W4414181020","https://openalex.org/W7125488953"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390290107","https://openalex.org/W3040738713","https://openalex.org/W2307469602","https://openalex.org/W1587276927","https://openalex.org/W2619762289","https://openalex.org/W124406033","https://openalex.org/W1858294291","https://openalex.org/W2757489897","https://openalex.org/W7166595130","https://openalex.org/W4383665457"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Field":[0],"experiments":[1],"were":[2,150,249],"conducted":[3],"during":[4],"the":[5,17,95,133,158,175,253,260,264],"moisture-limited":[6,277],"north-east":[7],"monsoon":[8],"(":[9],"rabi":[10,278],")":[11,105,165,173],"seasons":[12,256],"of":[13,19],"2020\u20132022":[14],"to":[15,122,127,263],"evaluate":[16],"effects":[18],"seedbed":[20,60],"methods":[21,61],"and":[22,41,69,71,106,147,166,208,269],"legume-based":[23],"intercropping":[24,73],"systems":[25,74],"on":[26,275],"groundnut":[27,37],"growth,":[28],"yield,":[29,206],"soil":[30,43],"moisture":[31],"conservation,":[32],"rainwater":[33],"use":[34],"efficiency":[35],"(RWUE),":[36],"equivalent":[38],"yield":[39,100,138],"(GEY),":[40],"post-harvest":[42],"fertility":[44],"under":[45,174],"rainfed":[46],"Alfisol":[47],"conditions.":[48,279],"The":[49,91,178],"experiment":[50],"was":[51,119],"laid":[52],"out":[53],"in":[54,86],"a":[55,87,194],"strip-plot":[56],"design":[57],"with":[58,78,191],"three":[59],"as":[62,75,193,273],"main":[63],"plots":[64],"(compartmental":[65],"bunding,":[66],"raised":[67,92,152],"bed,":[68],"flatbed)":[70],"four":[72],"subplots":[76],"(groundnut":[77],"black":[79,155],"gram,":[80,83],"cowpea,":[81],"red":[82],"or":[84],"castor":[85],"4:1":[88],"row":[89],"ratio).":[90],"bed":[93,153],"produced":[94,132],"numerically":[96,134],"highest":[97,135,159],"mean":[98,136],"pod":[99,137,205],"(528":[101],"kg":[102,109,142,162],"ha":[103,110,143,163,171],"\u22121":[104,111,113,144,164,172],"RWUE":[107,209],"(4.45":[108],"mm":[112],").":[114,145],"For":[115],"both":[116],"variables,":[117],"it":[118],"statistically":[120],"similar":[121],"compartmental":[123],"bunding":[124],"but":[125],"superior":[126],"flatbed.":[128],"Groundnut":[129],"+":[130,154],"cowpea":[131],"among":[139],"intercrops":[140],"(499":[141],"GEY":[146,160],"economic":[148],"rankings":[149,248],"descriptive;":[151],"gram":[156],"had":[157],"(803.17":[161],"net":[167],"return":[168],"(Rs.":[169],"16,190":[170],"stated":[176],"prices.":[177],"tables":[179],"report":[180],"treatment":[181,202,247],"responses":[182],"averaged":[183],"over":[184],"3":[185],"years.":[186],"A":[187],"retrospective":[188],"combined":[189],"ANOVA":[190],"year":[192,200],"fixed":[195],"factor":[196],"revealed":[197],"highly":[198],"significant":[199],"\u00d7":[201,211,222,233,235],"interactions":[203],"for":[204],"biomass":[207],"(Year":[210],"Seedbed:":[212],"F":[213,224,237],"4,":[214],"12":[215],"=":[216,227,240],"206.66,":[217],"p":[218,229,242],"<":[219,230,243],"0.0001;":[220,231],"Year":[221,232],"Intercrop:":[223,236],"6,":[225],"18":[226],"1,980.42,":[228],"Seedbed":[234],"12,":[238],"36":[239],"4,668.10,":[241],"0.0001),":[244],"indicating":[245],"that":[246],"not":[250],"stable":[251],"across":[252],"contrasting":[254],"rainfall":[255],"(166\u2013264":[257],"mm).":[258],"Consequently,":[259],"results":[261],"apply":[262],"pooled":[265],"3-year":[266],"average":[267],"only":[268],"should":[270],"be":[271],"interpreted":[272],"conditional":[274],"comparable":[276]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-09T09:14:12.587421","created_date":"2026-09-18T00:00:00"}